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  • Topic: Reverse Osmosis Subject: Chemical Process Industries - 1 Guided By: Dr. Subrahmanyam SIR

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    Ananya Dave
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    This document discusses reverse osmosis, including the reverse osmosis process and its advantages and disadvantages. Reverse osmosis uses semi-permeable membranes and pressure to separate fresh water from salt water by forcing water molecules from the concentrated salt side to the dilute fresh water side. The reverse osmosis process involves pre-treatment of the salt water, application of pressure, and post-treatment of the desalinated water. Advantages include improved water quality, effectiveness, and low production costs. Disadvantages are that it is a slow process, wastes some water, requires high pressure, and removes minerals from drinking water.

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    CPI ( RO)

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    This document discusses reverse osmosis, including the reverse osmosis process and its advantages and disadvantages. Reverse osmosis uses semi-permeable membranes and pressure to separate fresh water from salt water by forcing water molecules from the concentrated salt side to the dilute fresh water side. The reverse osmosis process involves pre-treatment of the salt water, application of pressure, and post-treatment of the desalinated water. Advantages include improved water quality, effectiveness, and low production costs. Disadvantages are that it is a slow process, wastes some water, requires high pressure, and removes minerals from drinking water.

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    35 views16 pages

    Topic: Reverse Osmosis Subject: Chemical Process Industries - 1 Guided By: Dr. Subrahmanyam SIR

    Uploaded by

    Ananya Dave
    This document discusses reverse osmosis, including the reverse osmosis process and its advantages and disadvantages. Reverse osmosis uses semi-permeable membranes and pressure to separate fresh water from salt water by forcing water molecules from the concentrated salt side to the dilute fresh water side. The reverse osmosis process involves pre-treatment of the salt water, application of pressure, and post-treatment of the desalinated water. Advantages include improved water quality, effectiveness, and low production costs. Disadvantages are that it is a slow process, wastes some water, requires high pressure, and removes minerals from drinking water.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 16

    TOPIC : REVERSE OSMOSIS

    SUBJECT : CHEMICAL PROCESS


    INDUSTRIES -1
    GUIDED BY : DR. SUBRAHMANYAM
    SIR
    OUTLINE OF THE PRESENTATION

    1. Reverse Osmosis
    2. Reverse Osmosis Process
    3. Advantages and Disadvantages of
    Reverse Osmosis
    4. Conclusion
    Reverse Osmosis (RO)

    • The fundamental of reverse


    osmosis is that when two
    solutions of unequal
    concentration are separated by
    a semi permeable membrane ,
    flow of solvent takes place from
    dilute to concentrate sides, due
    to osmosis.
    Fig: Osmotic and Reverse
    Osmotic flow

    3
    CONT.
    • If, however a hydrostatic
    pressure in excess to
    osmotic pressure is applied
    on the concentrated side ,
    the solvent flow is reversed,
    i.e., solvent is forced to
    move from concentrated
    side to dilute side across the
    membrane . This is the
    principle of reverse osmosis.
    Reverse Osmosis Process

    1. PRE- TREATMENT :
    • In reverse osmosis system, pretreatment of
    sea water is very important for the
    membranes.
    • In this micro-organism are destroyed and
    suspended solid removed .
    • Usually pre-treatment of saline water consists
    of :
    CONT.
    A. Prechlorination of sea water.
    B. Coagulation of colloid particles (sedimanate
    the suspended and insoluble particles).
    C. Filtration.
    D. Neutralization.
    FLOW CHART
    Reverse Osmosis Process
    2. REVERSE OSMOSIS :
    • At this stage, high pressure pumps supply the pressure
    needed to enable the water to pass through the
    membranes and reject the salts. This pressure ranges
    from 54 to 80 atmospheres.
    • As a portion of the water passes through the
    membranes, in the remaining feed water salt content
    increases.
    • At the same time, a portion of this feed water is
    discharged without passing through the membranes.
    CONT.
    • Without this controlled discharge, the pressurized
    water would continue to increase in salt
    concentration, creating such problems as
    precipitation of supersaturated salts and increased
    osmotic pressure across the membranes.
    • The amount of the feed water discharged to waste
    is between 20 and 70 percent of feed flow and
    depends on the salt content of the feed water.
    Reverse Osmosis Process
    3. POST- TREATMENT :
    • At the stage of post treatment ,water is
    stabilised and prepared for distribution .
    • This stage might consist of :
    i. Removal of gases ,such as hydrogen sulphide
    .
    ii. Adjustment of ph and hardness.
    Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plants in
    the World

    Fig: Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction:


    Reverse Osmosis, Dubai

    Fig: Reverse osmosis


    desalination plant in
    Barcelona, Spain

    1
    Fig: Ras Al Khair Desalination Plant, Saudi Arabia 1
    ADVANTAGES:
    • Improves taste, odor and
    appearance.
    • Highly effective purification
    process .
    • Very convenient .
    • Easy to clean .
    • Low production cost .

    1
    2
    DISADVANTAGES:

    • It is a slow process and also wastes a large


    portion of the water that runs through
    the system.

    • Not applicable for concentrated


    solutions due to high pressure
    requirement.
    • High level of pretreatment is required
    in some cases.
    1
    3
    DISADVANTAGES:

    • RO removes minerals and ions that provide


    taste to the water and electrolytes important
    for human health.
    CONCLUSION

    • RO is an effective technology for


    seawater desalination
    • Proper pretreatment and monitoring is
    required

    1
    5
    Thank You

    MADE BY :- ANANYA .V. DAVE


    ER .NO. :- 1709901050101
    6

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