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Mendelian Genetics
Mendelian Genetics
CHR OMOSOME S
P E A
CHARACTE R
D N A
GEN E S
“Pass the Peas
Genetics:
like we use to
say it!”
Mendelian
Inheritance
&
Heredity
He did this over & over & over again, and noticed patterns to
the inheritance of traits, from one set of pea plants to the
next.
Then…
Mendel's Laws
1. Law of Dominance
2. Law of Segregation
Image:
Simple Inheritance, complete dominance, From the Virtual Cell Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
2. Mendel’s Law of _SEGREGATION
Alternative versions of Table showing how
the genes exchange
genes (alleles) result in according to
variations in inherited
segregation or
independent
characteristics. assortment during
meiosis and how this
translates into
Mendel's laws.
For each character, an
organism inherits 2 alleles
(one from each parent).
Image:
Independent assortment and segregati From the Virtual Cell Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
3. Mendel’s Law of INDEPENDENT
ASSORTMENT
Diagram of how the
genes exchange
Image:
Independent assortment and segregati From the Virtual Cell Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.com
Mendel’s Laws:
1. Law of Dominance:
- In a cross of parents that are pure for
contrasting traits, only one form of the
trait will appear in the next generation.
- Offspring that are hybrid for a trait will
have only the dominant trait in the phenotype.
2. Law of Segregations:
- During the formation of gametes (eggs or sperm), the two alleles (hereditary units)
responsible for a trait separate from each other.
- Alleles for a trait are then "recombined" at fertilization, producing the genotype for
the traits of the offspring.
ME (the BabyMama):
- Recessive phenotype [straight finger] Tami’s
- Q: What is my genotype? Genotype:
ME (the BabyMama):
- Recessive phenotype [straight finger] Tami’s
- Q: What is my genotype? Genotype:
R R T t
R RR RR T TT Tt
r Rr Rr t tT tt
Results:
Phenotypes: 100% Right handed 75% Tall
25% Short
Genotypes: 50% RR, homozygous right 25% TT, homozygous tall
50% Rr, heterozygous right 50% Tt, heterozygous tall
0% rr, homozygous left 25% tt, homozygous short
Trait: Eyecolor Trait: Handedness
Blue-eyed Pure Right and
Parents (bb)x(bb) Pure Left handed
Parents (RR)x(rr)
b b R R
b bb bb r Rr Rr
b bb bb r Rr Rr
Results:
Phenotypes: 100% Blue-eyed 100% Right-handed
Genotypes: 100% bb, homozygous blue 100% Rr, heterozygous
right-handed