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    Acoustics is the science of sound. It discusses the origin, propagation, and auditory sensation of sound. A sound is produced when air is compressed, and the compression is propagated or spread away from the source in the form of longitudinal waves. When these waves reach the ear drum, it causes the sensation of hearing. Acoustics is important because unpleasant or unwanted sounds can damage structures and harm human hearing. The study of acoustics is necessary for the design of spaces with good acoustics such as auditoriums and recording studios.

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    Acoustics

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    Acoustics is the science of sound. It discusses the origin, propagation, and auditory sensation of sound. A sound is produced when air is compressed, and the compression is propagated or spread away from the source in the form of longitudinal waves. When these waves reach the ear drum, it causes the sensation of hearing. Acoustics is important because unpleasant or unwanted sounds can damage structures and harm human hearing. The study of acoustics is necessary for the design of spaces with good acoustics such as auditoriums and recording studios.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    336 views36 pages

    Acoustics

    Uploaded by

    Misty
    Acoustics is the science of sound. It discusses the origin, propagation, and auditory sensation of sound. A sound is produced when air is compressed, and the compression is propagated or spread away from the source in the form of longitudinal waves. When these waves reach the ear drum, it causes the sensation of hearing. Acoustics is important because unpleasant or unwanted sounds can damage structures and harm human hearing. The study of acoustics is necessary for the design of spaces with good acoustics such as auditoriums and recording studios.

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    of 36

    ACOUSTICS

    Tvísöngur, Iceland
    Nestled on a mountainside overlooking a fjord,
    the Icelandic ‘Tvísöngur’ is a concrete sculpture
    for sound, open for anyone to visit. Five domes
    combine to form a network of vaults. Each is
    designed to amplify a resonance distinct from
    the other, so the overall space echoes the
    Icelandic musical tradition of five-tone harmony.

    Source: https://thespaces.com/2015/11/03/10-buildings-with-extraordinary-acoustics/
    Forest megaphones, Estonia

    Architecture can also


    amplify the natural noises
    around us. These wooden
    ‘Ruup’ megaphones in
    Estonia’s Võru County were
    constructed in September
    2015 to harness the sounds
    of the forest. 

    Source: https://thespaces.com/2015/11/03/10-buildings-with-extraordinary-acoustics/
    Forest megaphones, Estonia
    Designed by students and
    planted amongst the trees,
    the ‘bandstands’ vary in size
    and form but, at 3m
    diameter, they are the
    perfect size to climb into.

    Source: https://thespaces.com/2015/11/03/10-buildings-with-extraordinary-acoustics/
    Fertőrákos Cave Theatre, Hungary
    A quarry might seem an unlikely
    destination for an opera but people
    across the world are wising up to the
    potential of these vast, cavernous
    spaces. 

    Source: https://thespaces.com/2015/11/03/10-buildings-with-extraordinary-acoustics/
    Fertőrákos Cave Theatre, Hungary

    Sound resonates within their


    solid walls in an interplay with light and
    shadow.

    Source: https://thespaces.com/2015/11/03/10-buildings-with-extraordinary-acoustics/
    The Music Hall at the Āli Qapu Palace, Iran

    Further evidence of a nation using architecture to enhance its traditional


    music takes us to Iran – amid some 17th-century mud bricks, to be precise.
    The Āli Qapu Palace Music Hall’s magnificent vaulted ceilings create an
    umbrella of niches overhead, which mean a low reverberation time for sound
    – ideal for intimate music, and specifically, Iranian ballads.

    Source: https://thespaces.com/2015/11/03/10-buildings-with-extraordinary-acoustics/
    https://youtu.be/C_bbCrXRDoE
    Denge sound mirrors, UK
    On the UK coast near Dungeness, ‘sound mirrors’ are part of the landscape.
    These concrete forms, ranging from 20 to 200 feet wide, were constructed in the
    1920s as early warning devices for approaching enemy planes.

    Source: https://thespaces.com/2015/11/03/10-buildings-with-extraordinary-acoustics/
    Denge sound mirrors, UK
    When aircraft and radar
    technology advanced, they
    quickly became redundant
    but the sonic qualities of
    these enduring landmarks
    remain.

    Source: https://thespaces.com/2015/11/03/10-buildings-with-extraordinary-acoustics/
    The Danish Music Museum, Denmark
    Building materials and textures can accentuate very specific sounds. At
    The Danish Music Museum, housed inside a former broadcasting house in
    Copenhagen, architecture practice Adept has shaped, perforated and
    padded each room’s timber-lined walls to enhance the sounds of strings,
    brass, percussion or a full orchestra in the space.

    Source: https://thespaces.com/2015/11/03/10-buildings-with-extraordinary-acoustics/
    Brunel Museum, UK

    In 1825, a two-decade long project to construct a pedestrian tunnel network


    beneath London’s Thames river began. Nearly 200 years on, trains rather than
    pedestrians speed through the tunnels, yet Isambard Kingdom Brunel’s grand
    Rotherhithe entrance shaft remains open. Keiko Sumida recently directed an
    opera in the space and speaks of ‘an adventure-like feeling to the show. The
    acoustics were challenging and there was an amusing “whispering gallery” effect.’ 

    Source: https://thespaces.com/2015/11/03/10-buildings-with-extraordinary-acoustics/
    https://youtu.be/DmU8-6C6RiA
    The Whispering Gallery at St Paul’s Cathedral, UK

    The whispering gallery


    phenomenon – where a noise
    you make on one side of a
    space can be clearly heard on
    another – is often
    unintentional. Yet, at London’s
    St Paul’s Cathedral, it draws
    tourists in droves. Mutter a
    little something into the
    gallery wall and it can be
    heard on the other side of the
    33m diameter dome. Just be
    Source: https://thespaces.com/2015/11/03/10-buildings-with-extraordinary-acoustics/
    careful what you say…
    https://youtu.be/yaFifATeWh4
    Ekko, Denmark

    What about the building being an instrument itself? Take artist Thilo Frank’s
    twisting ‘Ekko’ in Denmark. The timber-framed soundwalk is peppered with
    microphones and speakers, recording and playing back on loop the sounds
    you make as you cross the boardwalk, moving through twisting paths of
    shadow and light.

    Source: https://thespaces.com/2015/11/03/10-buildings-with-extraordinary-acoustics/
    Prenzlauer Berg water tower and tanks, Berlin

    Dark, subterranean spaces, such as water tanks or tunnels, can heighten disorientation
    and, in doing so, intensify a sonic experience. A combination of light and sound
    reflection, both physical and digital, enhances visitors’ senses in the installations of
    German artist Robert Henke. Listen below to his Eternal Darkness installation in
    a Berlin water reservoir.
    Source: https://thespaces.com/2015/11/03/10-buildings-with-extraordinary-acoustics/
    https://youtu.be/p6uXJWxpKBM
    ACOUSTICS:
    • The Science of Sound

    • Discusses:

    • The origin
    • Propagation
    • Auditory Sensation

    • A sound is produced when part of the atmosphere is compressed


    suddenly.

    • Due to elasticity of air, the particles originally disturbed in turn disturb


    the neighboring particles.

    • Ultimately the compression is propagated or spread away from the


    source.

    • The sound thus travels in the form of waves and when these waves
    come near our ear-drums, we feel a sensation of hearing.
    ACOUSTICS:
    • Some Facts:

    • Sounding Body is in a state of Vibration


    • Sound cannot travel in Vacuum. Needs a medium
    • Sound are longitudinal waves

    • Relation of sound with human being is so common- we rarely appreciate


    its function in daily life

    • Unpleasant or unwanted Sound- Noise

    • Effects of Sounds
    • Sonic sound may shatter windows,
    • damage to plaster of walls
    • damages to delicate organ to receive it, namely, the human ear.
    https://youtu.be/y5nbWUOc9tY
    ACOUSTICS:
    • Need of study of acoustics, Development of acoustics through different
    periods including the historical development of amphitheaters and
    concert halls, auditoria

    • Fundamental characteristics of sound, behavior of sound in enclosed


    space, sound intensity, sound pressure, sound level meter, Factor
    influencing hearing.

    • Noise, echo, reverberation, resonance with solution, Sabin’s formula.

    • Constructional and planning measures for good acoustical design.


    Acoustical materials, panel absorber, absorption coefficient of different
    materials from various sound absorbing materials.

    • Case studies of acoustical sensitive interior space e.g. auditorium,


    recording studio etc.

    • Acoustical designing, detailing, layout and space requirements.

    • Control of noise pollution by landscape, buffer zone etc in Urban area,


    control of traffic noise.
    ACOUSTICS:
    • Musical Sound- sounds waves are periodic, regular and long continued;
    they produce pleasing effect

    • Noise- Sound wave is non-periodic, irregular and of very short duration;


    it produces displeasing effect

    • Characteristics:

    • Intensity and loudness


    • Frequency and Pitch
    • Quality or timbre

    • Longitudinal waves

    • Velocity depends on Nature and Temperature of the Medium

    • Air- Moisture and temperature

    • 20degree C : 343m/sec

    • Pure water: 1450m/sec; Brick: 4300m/sec; Concrete: 4000m/sec


    INTENSITY & LOUDNESS:
    • INTENSITY- Physical Quantity: amount or flow of wave energy
    crossing/unit time through a unit area taken perpendicular to the
    direction of propagation. LOUDNESS is not wholly physical but partly
    subjective

    • I1 and I0 represents the intensities of two sounds of a particular


    frequency, and L1 and L0 are their corresponding measures of
    loudness, we have
    REFLECTION OF SOUND:
    REVERBARATION:
    REVERBARATION:
    REVERBARATION:
    ABSORPTION COEFFICIENT:
    ABSORPTION COEFFICIENT:
    ABSORPTION COEFFICIENT:

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