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BM6504U1LS03 Types of Bio Electrodes
BM6504U1LS03 Types of Bio Electrodes
2 v 1.2
Body Surface Recording Electrodes
Electrode metal
Electrolyte
Floating electrodes
- metal disk is recessed
- swimming in the electrolyte gel
- not in contact with the skin
- reduces motion artifact
Suction Electrode
5 v 1.2
Commonly Used Biopotential
Electrodes Insulating
Metal disk
package
Double-sided
Adhesive-tape
ring Electrolyte gel
in recess
(a) (b) Reusable
Snap coated with Ag-AgCl External snap
Gel-coated sponge
Plastic cup Plastic disk Disposable
6 Floating
v 1.2
Electrodes
Commonly Used Biopotential
Electrodes
Flexible electrodes
- Body contours are often irregular
- Regularly shaped rigid electrodes
may not always work.
- Special case : infants
- Material :
- Polymer or nylon with silver
- Carbon filled silicon rubber
(Mylar film)
10 v 1.2
Electrode Arrays
Insulated leads
Ag/AgCl electrodes Contacts
Contacts
Ag/AgCl electrodes
Why
Measure potential difference across cell membrane
Requirements
– Small enough to be placed into cell Intracellular
Microns!
13 v 1.2
Metal Supported Microelectrodes
Metal Microelectrode
17
Microelectrode Electrical Model
A B
Cell Shaft
Insulation
membrane Metal rod Submerged
shaft
N = Nucleus Tissue fluid
+ +
C = Cytoplasm
Membrane N = Nucleus
Tissue
+ - - - fluid
+ - + potential C = Cytoplasm +
C + - + Shank in
+ - -
- + - -- + tissue flu
+ - - + + -
N -
- ++ + -
+ - C
- - - + + -
+ - - - - - -- +
+ + Shank Electrode tip
+ + + + + inside cell inside cell
19 v 1.2 B
Ema - Emb
Electrical Properties of Glass Intracellular
Microelectrodes
To amplifier
A B
Rt = electrolyte resistance in
Electrolyte shank & tip
in
Glass micropipet
Cd = capacitance from micropipet
Internal Stem electrolyte to environmental fluid
electrode
Ej = liquid-liquid junction
Environmental
fluid potential between micropipet
Taper electrolyte & intracellular fluid
Cd
Tip
Cell + + + Et = tip potential generated by
membrane + + - - - +
+- - - -
+ - N - + the thin glass membrane at
+ - - + Reference
+ -
Cytoplasm - + micropipet tip
N = Nucleus - + electrode
+- - - - - - -
+
+ + + + + Cell membrane Ri = intracellular fluid resistance
A B Rt
Internal A
electrode
Membrane
Rma and
Cma 0
action Cd = Ct
potential
Emp
Ema Em
B
Reference
electrode
Rt Em = Ej + Et + Ema- Emb
Cd Cmb Rmb
23 v 1.2