UNIT-1 Introduction To Management
UNIT-1 Introduction To Management
INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT
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• https://youtu.be/eUyRI66JkgQ
Introduction and Meaning
• Management as a Science
• Management as Art
• Management as Profession
Management as a Science
• Scientific Methods, Analysis, Observation
• Experimentation
• Mathematical Models
• Not Pure or natural Science its Social Science
• Behavioral Science
In total its systematic study of knowledge
Management as Art
• Application of knowledge
• Thinking Ability
• Situational analysis
• Leadership abilities
Management as Profession
• Management is Intangible
• Management is art as well as science
• Management is economic activity
• Management is step by step process
• Management is system of authority
Managers
“Managers are organizational
members who are responsible for
the work performed by other
organizational members”
Levels of managers
Functions of Managers
• Planning the work
• Proper and effective communication
• Taking decisions
• Encouraging team sprit
• Delegating authority
• Solving problems
• Coordinating various individual efforts
Functions of managers
• Better utilization of work
• Stimulating workers
• Setting targets
• Motivating sub-ordinates
• Arranging training and development
• Controlling the deviations
• Maintain good human relations
RESPONSIBILITIES OF MANAGERS
• Responsibility towards customers
• Responsibility towards Shareholders
• Responsibility towards employees
• Responsibility towards suppliers
• Responsibility towards distributers and retailers
• Responsibility towards industry and competition
• Responsibility towards unions
• Responsibility towards society
• Responsibility towards government
SKILLS OF PROFESSIONAL MANAGER
• Conceptual skills
• Human relation skills
• Technical skills
• Communication skills
• Administrative skills
• Leadership skills
• Problem solving skills
• Decision making skills
FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
• Planning
• Organizing
• Staffing
• Directing
• Controlling
Henri Foyal’s 14 Principles of Management
Management V/S Administration
Management Process
Approaches to study management
• Scientific management approach
• Administrative management approach
• Human Relation approach
• Social system approach
• Decision theory approach
• Management Science approach
• Human behavioral approach
• Mathematic or quantitative approach
• System approach
• Contingency or situational approach
Scientific management approach
A) Science not rule of thumb;
• Each and every job and its method of doing it should be based
on scientific study and analysis rather than on trial and error.
• Each task should be scientifically planned.
B) Harmony not Discord;
• There should be healthy cooperation between employer and
employees According to Taylor management should adopt an
enlightened attitude and share the gains of productivity with
workers.
• Workers should perform their duty with discipline and loyalty.
Administrative management approach
• Firstly, they find out certain universal principles, which they think
universally valid, as they are derived from experience of industrial
organization.
• Secondly, they believe that the principles they have develop are
scientifically valid, as these principles are based on empirical
observation. They considered that the application of such principles
would ensure greater economy and efficiency in the organization.
• Thirdly, they think about the structure of the administration or
organization. They consider that without structure, organization
cannot function. For them “Structure is a device through which the
human beings working in an organization, are assigned the tasks and
are related to each other. They believe that structure moulds the
nature of human being according to the needs of organization.”
Human Relation approach
• Impact of globalization
• Managing cross borders
• Revolution of Information Technology
• Security issues
• Knowledge workers
• Ethical issues
• Social responsibilities
• Ecological Challenges
• Corporate strategy
• Striving to eliminate internal problems