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Week 4 PPT Ucsp
Week 4 PPT Ucsp
Understanding Culture,
Society and Politics
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
Sociocultural Evolution
What are the symbols that you have seen in the picture?
What are the uses of these symbols?
What are the significance of these symbols in the society
What are the symbols that you have seen in the picture?
What are the uses of these symbols?
What are the significance of these symbols in the society
What are the symbols that you have seen in the picture?
What are the uses of these symbols?
What are the significance of these symbols in the society
• Processing Questions:
07
• Sociocultural evolution are theories of cultural
and social evolution that describe how cultures
and societies change over time. Sociocultural
evolution is "the process by which structural
reorganization is affected through time, eventually
producing a form or structure which is qualitatively
different from the ancestral form. Sociologist
Gerhard Lenski (1924–) defined societies in terms
of their technological sophistication. As a society
advances, so does its use of technology.
Unilineal Evolution
Theory by Atty. Lewis Henry
Morgan in his book The Ancient
Society
1. LOWER SAVAGERY
2. MIDDLE SAVAGERY
3. UPPER SAVAGERY
4. LOWER BARBARISM
5. MIDDLE
BARBARISM
6. UPPER BARBARISM
7. CIVILIZED WORLD
The species which are not fit for - It holds that living things
survival or not better adapted to descended from simple forms
environmental conditions die or
eliminated.
of organisms and that man
–NATURAL SELECTION PROCESS- descended from apes.
Hunting and gathering societies are the earliest form of society. The
members survive primarily by hunting, trapping, fishing, and gathering
edible plants. The majority of the members' time is spent looking for and
gathering food. A hunting and gathering society have five characteristics:
• Family is the society's primary institution. Family determines the distribution of food
and how to socialize children.
• These societies are small compared to the others. They generally have less than 50
members.
• Hunting and gathering societies are nomadic, which means that they move constantly
in order to find food and water.
• Members of hunting and gathering societies are mutually dependent upon each other.
• Although there is an equal division of labor among the members of hunting and
gathering societies, there is a division of labor based on sex. Men are typically
responsible for hunting, and women are typically gatherers.
Pastoral
•Pastoral societies rely on the domestication of
animals as a resource for survival. Pastoral
groups were able to breed livestock for food,
clothing, and transportation, and they created a
surplus of goods. Herding, or pastoral, societies
remained nomadic because they were forced to
follow their animals to fresh feeding grounds.
Horticultural societies formed in areas where
rainfall and other conditions allowed them to
grow stable crops. They were similar to hunter-
gatherers in that they largely depended on the
environment for survival, but since they didn’t
have to abandon their location to follow
resources, they were able to start permanent
settlements. This created more stability and more
material goods and became the basis for the first
revolution in human survival.
Agricultural societies relied on permanent tools for survival.
Farmers learned to rotate the types of crops grown on their
fields and to reuse waste products such as fertilizer, which
led to better harvests and bigger surpluses of food. New tools
for digging and harvesting were made of metal, human
settlements grew into towns and cities, and particularly
bountiful regions became centers of trade and commerce.
tasks that had until this point required months of labor became
achievable in a matter of days.