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Blog.3-1.solutions Conc1
Blog.3-1.solutions Conc1
Solutions
Liquids
sucrose
Water is polar, the different ends are attracted to the charged ions.
+
2-
+
Cl-
Na+
Substances that don’t dissolve are called insoluble
E.g. Petroleum (crude oil), which are non-polar
• Molarity = moles/volume
• Moles = (molarity)(volume)
• = ( 2.5 mol/l) ( 1.6 l)
• = 4.00 mol
• Need molar mass: 142.02 g/mol
Mass = 568.08g
= 570 g
Making solutions
(independent of temperature)
1 kg of water = 1 liter of water
Molality
• - What is the molality when 0.750 mol is
dissolved in 2.50 L of solvent?
mol
m
kg
• Step One: convert grams to moles.
• Step Two: divide moles by kg of solvent
to get molality.
• 58.44 grams/mol is the molecular weight
of NaCl
• 58.44g x 1 mol = 1.00 mol.
• 58.44 g
Molality = 1.00 mol
2.0 kg
=0.500 mol/kg (or 0.500 m). or 0.500-molal.
• 1) Calculate the molality of 25.0
grams of KBr dissolved in 750.0 mL
pure water. (0.280m)
• 2) 80.0 grams of glucose (C6 H12 O6,
mol. wt = 180. g/mol) is dissolved
in1.00 kg of water. Calculate the
molality. (0.444m)
• 3) Calculate the molality when 75.0
grams of MgCl2 is dissolved in 500.0
g of solvent.(1.58m)
1. We can describe the concentration of a solution by using the
mass percent.
= 2.0% NaCl
Example 2:
A solution is prepared by dissolving
1.00g of ethanol, C2H5OH, with 100.0g
of water.
What is the mass percent of ethanol in
this solution?
Mass Percent = 1 .00 g ethanol 100%
101 g solution
= 0.990% C2H5OH
Example 3:
Cow’s milk typically contains 4.5% by mass of the sugar
lactose, C12H22O11. Calculate the mass of lactose present in
175 g of milk.
Mass of solution (milk) = 175g
Mass percent of solute (lactose) = 4.5%
Mass Percent = grams of solute 100%
grams of solution
4.5% = grams of solute 100%
175 g
Grams of solute = (4.5%)(175 g) = 0.045 175g
100%
Grams of solute = 7.9g lactose