Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

    Uploaded by

    saim butt
    71 views25 pages

    Original Title

    Chapter_09

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    71 views25 pages

    Multistage, CC, and CB Amplifiers

    Uploaded by

    saim butt

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 25

    Multistage, CC,

    and CB Amplifiers

    Chapter 9
    Topics Covered in Chapter 9
    • Multistage Amplifier
    • Two-Stage Feedback
    • CC Amplifier
    • Cascading CE and CE Amplifiers
    • CB Amplifier
    • Darlington Connection
    • Voltage Regulation

    Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.


    Multistage Amplifiers
    • When two or more amplifier stages can be
    connected together, they are referred to
    as “cascaded.”
    • When two CE amplifiers are cascaded,
    the output is in-phase with the input.
    • The overall voltage gain of a multistage
    amplifier is the product of the stages.
    Multistage Amplifiers

    vin = 1Vp vout = 100Vp

    v out 100VP
    AV    100
    v in 1VP
    A V  AV 1 x AV 2  10 x 10  100
    Multistage Amplifiers
    Multistage Amplifiers
    Multistage Amplifiers
    • zout of stage 1 includes the zin of stage 2.

    • zout(stage 1) =R3 || R5 || R6 || βr’e


    Two-Stage Feedback
    rf
    AV   1
    re
    rf
    1
    re
    rf
    AV 
    re
    Common Collector Amplifier
    • Sometimes called an emitter follower.
    • The collector is at ac ground.
    • The voltage gain is less than 1 (stable).
    • The output signal is in-phase with the
    input.
    • High zin
    • Low distortion
    Common Collector Amplifier
    Common Collector Amplifier
    Cascading CE and CC Amplifiers
    • Direct Coupled
    • “Buffer” between a high
    zout and a small RL.
    • Load appears as β x RL.
    Common Base Amplifier
    • The base is at ac ground.
    • The input drives the emitter and the output is
    taken from the collector.
    • No current gain but it has a high voltage gain.
    • Low zin
    • High zout
    • Typically used in high frequency applications.
    Common Base Amplifier
    Ideal Transistor Approximations
    CE CC CB
    Av rC/r’e 1 rC/r’e
    Ai β β 1
    zin(base) βr’e β(r’e+re) r’e
    zout rC r’e rC
    Darlington Pair
    • A Darlington pair refers to two transistors
    connected with the emitter of the first
    transistor connected directly to the base
    of the second transistor.
    • The overall gain is equal to the product
    of the individual current gains.
    Darlington Pair
    The two transistors are
    typically packaged
    together.

      1x  2
    Darlington Pair
    • Typically used in low frequency applications
    where high current and high input impedance
    are required.
    – Power Supplies
    – Audio Amplifiers
    – Light Sensors (photo-darlington)
    – Used with TTL logic to drive high current loads
    (LEDs , solenoids…).
    Zener Follower Voltage Regulation

    • Zener Follower
    – A zener diode is used in an emitter follower
    circuit.
    – Provides a large load current while keeping
    the output voltage stable.
    – The zener current is much smaller than the
    load current.
    Zener Follower Voltage Regulation

    Vout VZ VBE


    Iout   IB
    RZ
    zout  r 
    '
    e

    Two-Transistor Voltage Regulator
    • Consists of two transistors and a zener
    diode.
    • The output voltage is regulated through
    the use of amplified feedback voltage.
    Two-Transistor Voltage Regulator
    R3  R4
    Vout   VZ VBE 
    R4
    Voltage Regulation
    • A circuit within the voltage regulator
    compares the actual output voltage to an
    internal fixed reference voltage.
    • The difference is amplified and is used to
    adjust the output so as to reduce the
    voltage error (negative feedback).
    • Can be “fixed” or adjustable.
    Voltage Regulation
    • An example of a “Fixed” voltage regulator.

    7 to 25 V input voltage = 5 Vout, 1 A


    Voltage Regulation
    • An example of an “Adjustable” voltage
    regulator.

    4.2 to 40V input = 1.2 to 37 Vout, 15 A

    You might also like