Operation of A Washing Machine

OPERATION OF
A WASHING
MACHINE
Washing Machine is a domestic appliance that washes clothes with
the aid of water and detergent. It is also called laundry machine, clothes
washer, or washer that includes immersing dipping, rubbing, or scrubbing
of clothes in water. This machine is power driven with an AC motor
connected to the power source (220v/60 Hz) so that the electrical energy can
be converted into mechanical energy in order to facilitate an act of washing
rinsing and spinning. The simplest washing machine just agitates clothes in
water with detergent, wherein some includes wash and spin timers for
automatic operations. Automatic machines or those electronically controlled
may fill, empty, wash, spin and heat in a cycle. The usual domestic washing
machine can be considered automatic because of the mechanical timer
used. Electronically-controlled are those machines that utilize electronic
circuit for switching and program of the operation depending on the
features.
Functions of each part
Top Cover is used to cover the tub.
Pulsator is a rotating part inside the tub and responsible in making
the water spin.
Drain Hose is an outlet serves as a passage way out for water after
spinning has been done.
Side Cover Tub is the main casing/housing for the parts of the unit.
Drum serves as a washing tub.
Water Supply Hose is an inlet of water.
Tub is a drum-like component in which water, clothes and soap are
put together prior to washing/spinning.
Block Diagram of Electronically-
Controlled Washing Machine
Power Controller- is a circuit that controls the amount of power
supplied to the motor.
Sensor- is an input receiver that detects input signal coming from
forward and reverse motor. It detects any abnormality of the
operation for automatic shut off.
Program Selection Control- is a set of push button switch that set the
operation required of the washing machine. This circuit has a timing
sequence to be selected as low, medium, or high depending on how
long and type of fabric to be washed.
Comparator- is a processing circuit that accepts the input signal
coming from sensor and program selection control. This enables/
disables a sequence of command for the power controller.
Forward/Reverse Motor- is an electric machine which changes
applied electrical energy or power into mechanical output energy or
power.
Input Command - is a setting period of the user.
AC Plug- is a connector intended for connecting the unit to the main
power source of 220V.
Drive Belt - is used to transmit mechanical energy from a driving
pulley to a drive pulley.
Buzzer- is an audio/ sound signal device to confirm or indicate that
task programmed or set is done or a problem occurred. This may be
mechanical, electromechanical, or piezoelectric.
Functions of each part
Timer Control-is a special clock mechanism or motor operated device
used to perform switching operations at predetermined time intervals.
Water Level Control- is a dial used to manage the quantity of water
needed.
Wash Selector- is used to choose the task to be done
Water Supply Hoses- is an access for water supply
Drain Hose- is an outlet for the water to be dispense
Water Inlet Valve- is used to allow or stop water to flow
Off-Balance Switch- is used to shut the washer off to protect the washer
if load is unbalance
Water Filter- is used to take out dirt from water by means of a fine
physical barrier
Spin Pulley- is used to transmit power from the electric motor to spin
assembly
Spin Assembly- is used to control the power at the transmission
Water Pump- is used to push the water out of the unit.
Water Hose- is a passage way out of the water.
Transmission- is also known as gear box assembly; transmit and boost
mechanical power from the motor to the agitator.
Motor- is an electromechanical device that converts electrical energy into
mechanical energy or motion.
Motor Pulley- is used to transmit power from the electric motor to the
transmission through drive belt.
Water Level Control Assembly- it contains valve that is used to control
the quantity of water needed.
Lid Switch- is the safety feature of the unit that operates with the lid.
Tub- is a large round container where act of washing happen.
Agitator- is a mechanism inside the tub that makes the water and
clothes to spin.
SELF-CHECK 1.2
OPERATION OF A WASHING
MACHINE
A. Directions: Label the different blocks that resemble an electronicallycontrolled
washing machine. Write your answer in another sheet of
paper. Do not write anything in this module
B. Direction: State the function of each part of the washing machine listed
below.
6. Pulsator
7. Drain Hose
8. Buzzer
9. Program Selection Control
10. Power Control
INFORMATION SHEET 1.3
BASIC CONCEPT OF ELECTRONIC CONTROL
Electronic control is also referred as electronic regulation that is

done to an appliance, situation or load by electronic devices. Domestic
appliances are commonly controlled directly or manually using
electrical switches and timers. In electronic devices, transformer is
commonly used not just to reduce the supply voltage (220VAC) but
also to isolate the load from the power source. To apply this safety
feature to domestic appliance, a device (electrically or electronically
operated) is needed. Relay and triac is just an example of devices that
can be used.
Relay
A relay is an electrically operated switch. Various relays use
an electromagnet to mechanically operate a switch, but other operating
principles are also used, such as solid-state relays. Relays are used where it
is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power signal or where several
circuits must be controlled by one signal.
Parts of Electromagnet Type Relay
1. Yoke: Heavy-duty frame that enclose and supports the parts of the
relay.
2. Coil: Magnetic wire that is wound around a metal core. Creates an
electromagnetic field when energize.
3. Armature: A relays moving part. The armature opens and closes the
contacts. An attached spring returns the armature to its original
position.
4. Contacts: The conducting part of the switch that closes or opens a
circuit.
Solid-State Type
Semiconductors such as Silicon-Controlled Rectifier (SCR), TRIAC, or
transistor output are used instead of mechanical contacts to switch the
controlled power. The output device (SCR, TRIAC, or transistor) is optically
coupled
to an LED light source inside the relay. The relay is turned on by
energizing this LED, usually with low-voltage DC power. This optical
isolation between inputs to output rivals the best that electromechanical
relays can offer.

Operation of A Washing Machine

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Operation of A Washing Machine

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

OPERATION OF

Electronic control is also referred as electronic regulation that is

You might also like