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2 Module II Exposure and Vulnerability
2 Module II Exposure and Vulnerability
VULNERABILITY
EXPOSURE
total population
living in the affected
area for each event
EXPOSURE
EXPOSURE
Always FIRST Always READY Always THERE
VULNERABILITY
characteristics and circumstances
(physical, social, economic and
environmental factors) of a
community, system or asset that
makes it susceptible to the
damaging effects of hazard
VULNERABILITY
• People
• Properties
• Economic activities
• Public and private
services
Physical Elements Exposed to Hazard
1. Essential Facilities
• Educational facilities
• Medical and healthcare facilities
• Emergency response facilities
• Recreational or tourist facilities
• Places of worship
• Banks and financial centers
• Markets and shopping centers
• Cemeteries
Physical Elements Exposed to Hazard
3. Transportation lifelines
• highways, bridges, railway tracks,
and tunnels
• bus facilities
• port and harbor facilities
• airport facilities and runways
Physical Elements Exposed to Hazard
4. Utility lifelines
• potable water facilities, waste water
facilities, pipelines, and distribution
lines
• oil and natural gas systems facilities,
pipelines, and distribution lines
• electric power facilities and distribution
lines
• communication facilities and
distribution lines
Dimensions of Exposure and Vulnerability
Social
V
E
Environmental Economic
Dimensions of Exposure and Vulnerability
SOCIAL
• People with disabilities
• Children
• Seniors
• Medication-dependent individuals
• Women
• Ethnic minorities, aboriginal or indigenous people
• Homeless or street people
• Incarcerated individuals
• Marginalized groups
Factors of Vulnerability
ENVIRONMENTAL
• Relative inability to adapt to changes
• Rapid urbanization in hazardous areas
• Quintupling of world’s urban population
• Increasing number of informal settlers
Factors of Vulnerability
ECONOMIC
Economic vulnerability is the susceptibility of individuals,
communities, businesses, and governments to absorb or
cushion the effects of a hazard event
• Rural households are more vulnerable than those in
urban because of greater number of people living in
poverty
• Women are more vulnerable than men because they
lack access to livelihood
Always FIRST Always READY Always THERE
World Risk Index 2016
World Risk Index 2016