Philippine Occupational Health and Safety Standards

PHILIPPINE
OCCUPATIONAL
HEALTH AND
SAFETY STANDARDS
Occupational Safety and Health
is a cross-disciplinary area
concerned with protecting the safety,
health and welfare of people
engaged in work.
The goal of all occupational safety
and health programs is to foster a safe
work environment.
 The Occupation Safety
and Health Center in the
country is established by
Executive order No. 307.
 The implementing rules and
regulations are issued by the
Employees Compensation
Commission (ECC).
• These Implementing Rules
and Regulations are issued
pursuant to the authority of
the Employees
Compensation Commission
(ECC) under Section 8 of
Executive Order No. 307
establishing the
Occupational Safety and
Health Center (OSHC).
The main
objectives of
the OSC are
follows:
1. prevent, eliminate
or reduce work-
related injuries,
illnesses and deaths
2. implement effectively
occupational health and
safety programs that
will promote the
health, efficiency and
general well-being of the
Filipinoworkers.
3. maintain an
expert intelligence
and training center
for industrial
disease and
occupational safety
HAZARDS
AND RISK
AND ITS EFFECTS
Hazard
 is a situation that
poses a level of
threat to life, health,
property, or
environment.
A hazardous situation
that has come to pass
is called an incident.
Hazard and
vulnerability interact
together to create risk.
CLASSIFICATIO
N OF
HAZARDS
Dormant
The situation has the
potential to be hazardous,
but no people, property,
or environment is
currently affected by this.
Armed
People, property,
or environment are
in potential harm's
way.
Active
A harmful incident involving the
hazard has actually occurred.
Often this is referred to not as

an "active hazard" but as an
accident, emergency, incident, or
disaster.
TYPES OF
HAZARDS
1. Biological
 A biological hazard is one originating from an
organism that is foreign to the organism
being affected
 Many biological hazards are associated
with food, including certain viruses,
parasites, fungi, bacteria, and plant and
seafood toxins.
 The hazards from these bacteria can
be avoided through risk mitigation
steps such as proper handling, storing,
and cooking of food.
2. Chemical
 Some chemicals occur naturally in certain
geological formations, such as radon gas or
arsenic.
 Other chemicals include products with
commercial uses, such as agricultural and
industrial chemicals, as well as products
developed for home use.
 Pesticides, which are normally used to control
unwanted insects and plants, may cause a
variety of negative effects on non-target
organisms.
3. Mechanical
 is any hazard involving a
machine or process.
 Motor vehicles, aircraft, and air
bags pose mechanical hazards.
 Compressed gases or liquids
can also be considered a
mechanical hazard.
4. Physical
 is a naturally occurring process that has the
potential to create loss or damage. Physical
hazards include, but are not limited to,
earthquakes, floods, and tornadoes.
 Physical hazards often have both human and
natural elements.
 Another physical hazard, X-rays, are naturally
occurring from solar radiation, but have been
utilized by humans for medical purposes;
however, overexposure can lead to cancer,
skin burns, and tissue damage.
5. Ergonomic
 It is a physical factor within the
environment that harms the
musculoskeletal system.
 Ergonomic hazards include uncomfortable
workstation height and poor body
positioning.
 Ergonomic hazards are caused by
poorly designed workplaces or
processes.
HAZARD
Is any biological, chemical,
mechanical, or physical agent that
is reasonably likely to cause harm
or damage to humans or the
environment with sufficient
exposure or dose.
RISK
Isdefined as the probability that
exposure to a hazard will lead to a
negative consequence.
 RISK= HAZARD X DOSE
(Exposure)
MODIFIED TRUE OR
FALSE
1. A hazard is a condition that poses a level of threat to life,
health, property, or environment.
2. The situation has the potential to be hazardous, but no
people, property, or environment is currently affected by
this is categorized active hazard.
3. For every company, all job descriptions must have
occupational hazards.
4. Accident prone areas should have signs that warn
people.
5. Risk is defined as the probability that exposure to a
hazard will lead to a positive consequence.
6. All chemicals are hazardous to man.
7. Ergonomics hazards include earthquakes,
floods, and tornadoes.
8. Ergonomics is a physical factor within the
environment that harms the musculoskeletal
system.
9. Compressed gases or liquids can also be
considered a mechanical hazard.
10. Pesticides are normally used to control
unwanted insects and plants may cause a variety
of negative effects on non-target organisms.
11. A hazardous situation that has come to pass is called
an accident.
12. Regular medical checkups that will monitor the
employees’ health can also prevent the transfer of
diseases between employees.
13. A biological hazard is one originating from an organ
that is foreign to the organism being affected.
14. Motor vehicles, aircraft, and air bags pose mechanical
hazards.
15. Removing occupational hazards is only one way of
improving worker protection.

Philippine Occupational Health and Safety Standards

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Often this is referred to not as

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