PPT Derivational Inflectional

DERIVATION & INFLECTION
BY:
CAHYA KOMARA, S.Pd., M.Hum
Derivation & Inflection
AFFIXATION
DERIVATION INFLECTION
Prefix – Suffix - Stem - Base - Root

Infix
Derivation and Inflection

 Derivation
Derivation is the process by which a new word is
built from the base. In the other words, the process
where a new word is created/derived and has new
meaning.
For example: Slow + (ly) = Slowly

 Inflection
Inflection is the process where a word is changed
slightly to reflect grammatical information. It modifies
a word form in order to mark the grammatical sub-
class.
For example: Jump + (s) = Jumps

NEXT
WHAT IS A SUFFIX?
Suffix is a group of letters that is added to the end of a

word in order to form new word. For example:
(Base) (suffix) (new word)

Scholar +-ship = scholarship
Manage +-ment = management
Sad +-ness = sadness
*Suffixes can change the word-class and the meaning of the word.
Suffix and Prefix

NOUN SUFFIXES
 A noun suffix forms a noun when it is added to another word or word part.
 Common noun suffixes:
> -er is used for the person who does an activity

e.g. writer, worker, teacher
> -er/-or are also used for things which do a particular job
e.g. bottle-opener, projector, calculator
> -(t)ion is used to make nouns from verbs

e.g. complication, reduction, donation
> -ist(person) and –ism(activity or ideology): used for
people’s politics, beliefs, and ideologies, and sometimes
their profession.
e.g. terrorist, Buddhism, journalism
>-ist is also often used for people who play musical

instruments
e.g. pianist, guitarist, violinist
>-ness is used to make nouns from adjectives

e.g. goodness, sadness, weakness
 Anothers noun suffixes:
> -ance/-ence reluctance/dependence
> -dom freedom
> -hood childhood
> -ment improvement
> -ship authorship
> -ty/-ity loyalty/equality
> -ice cowardice

EXERCISE
 The –er/-or, -ee, and –ist suffixes. Use the suffixes
to give the names of the following.
Example: A person who experts playing on the piano.
> pianist
1. The thing that wipes rain off your car windscreen.
2. A person who plays classical violin.
3. A person who takes professional photographs.
4. A person who acts in amateur theatre.
5. The person who money is paid to or should be paid
to.
6. A machine for washing dishes.
7. A person who donates their kidneys upon their
death.
8. The person to whom a letter is addressed.
THE ANSWER
1. Windscreen wiper(s)
2. Classical violinist
3. Professional Photographer
4. Amateur actor
5. Payee
6. Dishwasher
7. Kidney donor
8. Addressee
EXERCISE
Circle the suffix and underline the base word in each
of the following words. Write the meaning of the
suffix and of the whole word. Consult a dictionary if
necessary.
1. Nationalism
2. Embarrassment
3. Stillness
4. Engineer
5. Physicist
6. Alteration
7. Possibility
8. Justice
9. Clinician
10. Novelty
VERB SUFFIX
 There are four suffixes which derive verbs from other
categories (mostly adjectives and nouns), -ate, -en, -ify and
-ize.
 -ate = regular (noun) > regulate (verb)
 -en = black (adj) > blacken (verb)
 -ify = beauty (noun) > beautify (verb)
 -ize = memory (noun) > memorize (verb)
ADVERB SUFFIX
 There are only two suffixes which derive adverbial.
 -ly = shortly, hardly, early, extremely, etc.
 -wise has the meaning ‘in the manner of X, like X’
e.g. sarongwise
ADJECTIVE SUFFIX
 An adjective suffix is a suffix that is used to form an adjective.
 Adjective suffixes that mean “full of”
- ous dangerous
- ose grandiose
- acious sagacious
- ful paintful
 Adjective suffixes that mean “relating to” or pertaining to”
-al magical
-ant defiant
-ic Arabic
-ical philosophical
-ish fiendish
-ive/-ativecreative/talkative
 Adjective suffixes that mean what they say

-able/-iblecomfortable/sensible
-most innermost
-less tasteless
-like childlike
ADD AN ADJECTIVE SUFFIX TO EACH WORDS BELOW:
 Beauty Beautiful
 Defect Defective
 Peril Perilous
 Mystery Mysterious
Architectural
 Architecture
WHAT IS A PREFIX?
A prefix is a group of letters that is added to the

beginning of a word in order to make a new word. For
example:
Prefix Base word New word

Mis- + interpret misinterpret
Re- + locate relocate
Suffix and Prefix

PREFIXES HAVING A SINGLE MEANING
 Bene- = good e.g. benefactor
 Circum- = around e.g. circumpolar
 Com- = with e.g. community
 Col-/con- = together; with e.g. colleagues
 Extra = outsidee.g. extraordinary
 Inter- =between; among e.g. interact
 Intra- = within e.g. intrafamily
 Intro = into e.g. introspective
 Mal- = bad e.g. malpractice
 Mis- = wrong e.g. misaddress
 Non- = not e.g. non-reguler
 Pre- = before e.g. pre-weeding
 Sub- = under or below e.g. subway
PREFIXES HAVING MORE THAN ONE MEANING
PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLE
Ab-, a- Not, away, up, out abnormal
Dis- Opposite of, depriving Disagree

of
in-, ir-, il-, im- Not, in, into, very Inaccurate, irregular,
illegal, impolite
Pro- In favor of, forward, Pro-democracy
ahead
Re- Again, back Rewrite
Super- Over and above, very Superglue

large
Trans- Across, beyond Transsexual
Un- Not, the opposite of Untidy

PPT Derivational Inflectional

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

PPT Derivational Inflectional

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

DERIVATION & INFLECTION

Prefix – Suffix - Stem - Base - Root

Derivation and Inflection

For example: Slow + (ly) = Slowly

Derivation & Inflection

For example: Jump + (s) = Jumps

Derivation & Inflection

Suffix is a group of letters that is added to the end of a

(Base) (suffix) (new word)

Suffix and Prefix

 Common noun suffixes:

> -er is used for the person who does an activity

> -(t)ion is used to make nouns from verbs

>-ist is also often used for people who play musical

>-ness is used to make nouns from adjectives

> -ance/-ence reluctance/dependence

> -dom freedom

> -hood childhood

> -ment improvement

> -ship authorship

> -ty/-ity loyalty/equality

> -ice cowardice

 Adjective suffixes that mean what they say

A prefix is a group of letters that is added to the

Prefix Base word New word

Suffix and Prefix

Ab-, a- Not, away, up, out abnormal

Dis- Opposite of, depriving Disagree

Super- Over and above, very Superglue

Un- Not, the opposite of Untidy

You might also like