Chapter 7-Scheduled Waste

CHAPTER 7
SCHEDULED WASTE
1
Chapter 7: Scheduled Waste
Prepared by: Nur Ain Bt Mohd Zainuddin
Course Learning Outcome
At the end of this chapter, student should be able to:
Define scheduled waste
Differentiate responsibility of waste

generator, contractor and receiver.
Briefly describe the characteristic and

properties of SW
Explain the process of identifying SW
Explain the process of classifying SW
Describe Environmental Quality (SW)

(Amendment) Regulation 2007.
Understand Basel Convention for
Hazardous Waste Transboundary
Movement
2
7.1 Legal & Administrative Systems for
Scheduled Waste Control
Definition of Wastes
“ Substances or object which are disposed of or are intended

to be disposed of or are required to be disposed by the
provision of national law.”
“ An object the holder discards, intends to discard or is

required to discard.”
EQA “Waste includes any matter prescribed to be scheduled

waste, or any matter whether in a solid, semi-solid or liquid
form, or in the form of gas or vapor which is emitted,
1974 discharged or deposited in the environment in such volume,
composition, or manner as to cause pollution”.
Chapter 7: Scheduled Waste 3
Definition of Scheduled Wastes
EQA “Scheduled waste means any waste prescribed by the

minister in the regulations as scheduled wastes”.
1974
EQ “Scheduled waste means any waste falling within categories

(SW)R of waste listed in the first schedule”.
2005

Principles of scheduled wastes management in
Malaysia: Cradle to Grave principles

Principles of scheduled wastes management in
Malaysia: Cradle to Cradle principles
6
Component of the Cradle to Grave principles are:
1. Waste Generator.
2. Waste contractor (transporter).
3. Waste treatment and disposal facilities

(prescribed premises).
7
Component of the Cradle to Cradle principles are:
1. Waste Generator.
2. Waste contractor (transporter).
3. Waste receiver (reuse, reutilize, recovery,

co-processing).
8
Responsibilities of waste generator
1 Notify to DOE the type and generation of wastes within 30 days.
2 Reduce or minimize the generation of wastes at source using the best practice.
3 Reuse or recycle wastes whenever possible.
4 Send wastes for reuse, reutilization, or co-processing.
5 Monitor and ensure the wastes transporter reach to the approved destination.
6 Dispose wastes only at approved facilities.
7 Provide inventory of SW generated, disposed and treated.
8 Waste can be stored, recovered and treated on-site.

Store wastes in appropriate container ( compatible and durable), properly labelled (classification,
9 hazard and date generated) and stored in designated, constructed and maintained areas.
10 Provide information of each category of waste to be delivered to the contractor.
11 Give the information to the contractor upon delivery of the wastes to him.
12 Complete Part I of the Consignment Note (CN) for the transformation of wastes out of premise.
13 Ensure that all his employees are involved in handling wastes attend training programmes.
14 Establish ERP in order to contain spillage.

15 Provide technical expertise and supporting assistance in any clean-up operation.
9
Responsibilities of Waste Contractor
Register with the approved waste treatment and disposal facilities for
transportation of wastes.
Complete part II of the Consignment note.
Use the designated routes.
Ensure the vehicles used for transportation are safe for delivery.
Ensure that wastes reach the treatment and disposal facility safely.
Apply whatever practicable to contain, cleanse, or abate the spill or accidental

discharge and to recover substances in the spill or accidental discharge.
Undertake studies to determine the impact of the spillage or accidental

discharge of environment.
10
Responsibilities of waste treatment and disposal facilities/ waste
receiver-reuse, reutilization, co-processing
Obtain license from DOE as required
under Comply fully with the regulations:
• EQA 1974 • Environmental Qualities
• Environmental Qualities (Prescribed (Prescribed premises) scheduled
1 premises) scheduled waste treatment 2 waste treatment and disposal
and disposal facilities) Regulation facilities) Regulation 1989
1989 (Amendment) 2006. (Amendment) 2006
• Environmental Qualities (Prescribed • Environmental Qualities (scheduled
premises) scheduled waste treatment waste) Regulation 2005
and disposal facilities) Order 1989
(Amendment) 2006
4 Establish and ERP in order to

3 Comply fully with the license contain and clean-up spillage or
conditions. accidental discharge.
Conduct research to improve

5 Complete part III of the Consignment 6 efficiency of the waste treatment and
Note disposal method.
11
Scheduled waste characteristic
A waste is considered hazardous if it has one or more of the following
characteristic:
Ignitable Corrosive Toxic Reactive

Infectious
12
Scheduled waste characteristic: Ignitability
1 Can create fire under certain conditions.
2 Spontaneously combustible.
If the waste is a liquid and has flash point less than 60°C as
3 determined by a Pensky-Marten closed cup tester or a Setaflash
closed cup tester.
If the waste is not liquid but is capable under standard temperature and
pressure, causing fire through friction, absorption of moisture or
4 spontaneous chemical changes and when ignited, burn so vigorously
and persistently that creates hazard.
It is an ignitable compressed gas.

5
6 It is an oxidizer.
13
Scheduled waste characteristic: Ignitability
Example Ignitability:
Code: SW322
Description: Waste of non-
halogenated organic solvents
Example of waste: spent
benzene
Typical source: production of
styrene Chapter 7: Scheduled Waste
14
Scheduled waste characteristic: Corrosive
Identifies wastes that are acidic or alkaline

which can readily corrode or dissolve flesh,
metals or other materials.
If the waste has an aqeuos component and

has a pH ≤ 2 or ≥ 11.5 as determined by
calibrated pH meter.
If the waste [has a liquid component and

corrode steel (carbon steel group) at a rate
greater than 6.35mm per year at a test
temperature of 55°C.
15
Scheduled waste characteristic: Corrosive
Example Corrosive:
Code: SW206
Description: Spent Inorganic acid
Example of waste: spent
sulphuric acid.
Typical source: Acid pickling
process.
16
Scheduled waste characteristic: Reactive
Waste that readily explode, If the waste is normally
undergo violent reaction, or unstable and readily
react to release toxic gases undergoes violent changes
or fumes. without denoting.
If the waste reacts violently If the waste forms potentially

with water. explosive mixtures with water.
If the cyanide or sulfide

If the waste when mixed with bearing waste when
water generates toxic gases, exposed to pH between to 2
vapors or fumes to cause and 11.5 generates toxic
danger to human health or gases, vapors or fumes to
the environment. cause danger to human
health and the environment.
If the waste is capable to If the waste is readily

cause detonation or capable to cause detonation
explosion when subjected to or explosive decomposition
a strong initiating source or if or reaction at standard
heated under confinement. temperature and pressure.
17
Scheduled waste characteristic: Reactive
Example Reactive:
Code: SW104
Description: Waste of Aluminium
dross.
Example of waste: Aluminium
oxide containing aluminium
nitride.
Typical source: Aluminium dross
recovery process. Chapter 7: Scheduled Waste
18
Scheduled waste characteristic: Toxicity
Waste is hazardous by virtue of the toxicity
characteristic if it exceeds specified
concentrations of certain metals and
organic compounds as listed by reference
in regulations.
If the waste or its extract has any of the

contaminants listed in Table 1 and Table 2
of the Guidelines for The Application of
Special Management of Schedule Waste
at the concentration equal to or greater
than the respective values given in tables.
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching

Procedure (TLCP) test to estimate the
leaching potential of waste when disposed
of in landfill.
19
Scheduled waste characteristic: Toxicity
Example Toxicity:
Code: SW204
Description: Sludge containing one
or several metals including
chromium, copper, nickel, zinc. Lead,
cadmium, aluminium, tin, vanadium
and beryllium.
Example of waste: sludge from IETS.
Typical source: sludge dewatering
and pressing process. 20
Scheduled waste characteristic: Infectious or Pathogenic
Ability to spread disease or illness through

bacteria, virus, fungus or other
microorganism.
Any waste which consist wholly or partly of

human or animal tissue, blood or other
body fluids, excretions, or drug.
Other pharmaceutical products, swabs or

dressings, syringes, needles or other sharp
instruments being waste which unless
rendered safe may prove hazardous to any
person coming into contact with it.
21
Scheduled waste characteristic: Infectious or Pathogenic
Example Infectious or
Pathogenic:
Code: SW404
Description: Pathogenic waste,
clinical wastes or quarantine
materials.
Example of waste: used syringes,
swabs or human tissues.
Typical source: Hospital and clinics. 22
Scheduled waste Identification
HOW TO IDENTIFY/ CLASSIFY?
 Waste generator is responsible to classify the SW
generated.
 SW can be classified by obtaining the
information on:
i. how the waste is generated.
ii. the raw materials used.
iii. the source of the waste and/or its specific.
hazardous characteristics in the related process.
iv. Physical and chemical composition of the waste.
v. SDS-safety data sheet of the raw materials used.
 The waste generator can use these information to
classify the waste and the specific SW code. 23
List of Scheduled waste
 Can be referred in First Schedule, Environmental
Quality (Schedule Wastes) Regulation 2005.
 77 types of SW.
 5 group of SW:
SW 1 • Metal and metal-bearing wastes.
• Wastes containing principally inorganic

SW 2 constituents which may contain metals and
organic materials.
• Wastes containing principally organic
SW 3 constituents which may contain metals and
inorganic materials.
• Waste which may contain either inorganic or
SW 4
organic constituents.
SW 5 • Other wastes 24
 SW described in the First Schedule are based on the
following:
i. Names of materials, chemicals or wastes.
ii. Metals, elements, compound or constituents
present in the wastes.
iii. Types of processes.
iv. Usage and applications.
v. Contamination.
vi. Activity.
25
 SW described in the First Schedule are based on the following:
Item SW example
1. Names of materials, SW101: waste containing arsenic or its compound.
chemicals or wastes.
2. Metals, elements, SW204:Sludge containing one or several metals including
compound or chromium, copper, nickel, zinc. Lead, cadmium,
constituents present in aluminium, tin, vanadium and beryllium.
the wastes.
3. Types of processes. SW405: Waste arising from the preparation and
production of pharmaceutical product.
4. Usage and applications. SW305: Spent lubricating oil.
SW429: Chemical that are discarded or off specification.
5. Contamination. SW408: Contaminated soil, debris or matter resulting from
cleaning-up spills of chemical, mineral oil or SW.
6. Activity. SW409: Disposed containers, bags, or equipment
contaminated with chemical, pesticides, mineral oil or SW.
26
Basic Properties of Scheduled Waste
Appearance and nature.
Adour and smells.
Release of any vapour, fume or

smoke.
The physical
properties of Phase-solid, liquid or gas.
the SW can
be observed Presence of oil and grease (oily).
through its:
Colour-brown, green, black and etc.

Form (texture and shape)- fine,
coarse, soft, hard, gravel, crystal,
shiny, sandy, powdery, dusty and
granular.
Wet and dry conditions.
27
Typical Examples of SW1:Metal and metal-bearing wastes

Code Description Example of SW
SW101 waste containing arsenic or its compound. Spent glass decolorizing
agent.
SW102 waste of lead acid batteries in whole or crushed Spent lead acid battery
form. component such as plastic
casing, lead plate and
electrolyte acid.
SW103 waste of batteries containing cadmium and nickel Spent nickel-cadmium dry cell
or mercury or lithium. batteries.
SW104 Dust, slag, dross or ash containing aluminium, Aluminium dross.
arsenic, mercury, lead, cadmium, chromium,
nickel, copper, vanadium, beryllium, antimony,
tellurium, thallium, or selenium excluding slag
from iron and steel factory.
SW105 Galvanic sludge. Galvanisation process.
SW106 Residues from recovery of acid pickling liquor. Iron salts (ferrous sulafate or
ferrous chloride).
28
Typical Examples of SW2:Wastes containing principally inorganic constituents
which may contain metals and organic materials.
SW201 Asbestos waste in sludge, dust or fibres form. Spent asbestos pipe
insulation.
SW202 Waste catalyst. Spent catalyst from crude oil
refinery.
SW203 Immobilized scheduled wastes including Solidified sludge with lime,
chemically fixed, encapsulated, solidified or cement and sand from
stabilized sludge. solidification of SW.
SW204 Sludge containing one or several metals Sludge from IETS.
including chromium, copper, nickel, zinc.
Lead, cadmium, aluminium, tin, vanadium
and beryllium.
SW205 Waste gypsum arising from chemical industry or Synthetic gypsum from coal
power plant. fired power plant.
SW206 Spent Inorganic acid. Spent sulphuric acid from
pickling process.
29
Typical Examples of SW3:Wastes containing principally organic constituents
which may contain metals and inorganic materials.
SW301 Spent organic acids with pH less or equal to 2 Spent acetic acid.
which are corrosive or hazardous.
SW302 Flux waste containing mixture of organic acids, Waste of flux from soldering
solvents or compounds of ammonium chloride. process.
SW303 Adhesive or glue waste containing organic Waste of adhesive or glue
solvents excluding solid polymeric materials. from furniture assembly.
SW304 Press cake from pretreatment of glycerol Sludge from pre-treatment of
soap lye. glycerol soap lye from soap
making process.
SW305 Spent lubricating oil. Spent engine oil from motor
vehicles or compressor
machine.
SW306 Spent hydraulic oil. Spent hydraulic oil from
hydraulic equipment and
machine.
30
Typical Examples of SW4:Waste which may contain either inorganic or organic
constituents.
SW401 Spent alkalis containing heavy metals. Spent paint alkali based paint
stripper.
SW402 Spent alkalis with pH more or equal to 11.5 which Spent concentrated caustic
are corrosive or hazardous. soda from pulping and
bleaching process.
SW403 Discarded drugs containing substances that are Expired anti-depressant7,
toxic, harmful, carcinogenic, mutagenic or stimulants and pain killers.
tetragenic.
SW404 Pathogenic wastes, clinical wastes or Used syringes, swabs and
quarantined materials. human tissue from hospital
and clinic.
SW405 Waste arising from the preparation and IETS sludge from
production of pharmaceutical products. pharmaceutical product
manufacturing.
SW406 Clinker, slag and ashes from SW incinerator. Incinerator ashes.
31
Typical Examples of SW5:Other wastes

SW501 Any residue from treatment or recovery of Residues from from
scheduled wastes. treatment or recovery of
scheduled wastes.
32
Environmental Quality (Scheduled wastes) Regulation 2005 (Amendment) 2007.
 Objective of EQ(SW) Regulation 2005:

1. To ensure proper management of schedule wastes.
2. To prevent pollution of SW into the environment.
3. To monitor the movement of SW to ensure that SW are
handled at licensed facility.
33
EQ (SW)(Amendment) R 2007: Regulation 2-Interpretation

 Scheduled wastes: means any waste falling within the
categories of waste listed in First Schedule.
 Waste generator: means any person who generates SW.
 Contractor: means any person licensed by the Director
General of EQ under subsection 18(1A) of the act.
 Prescribed premises: means premises prescribed by the
Environmental Quality (Prescribed Premises) (Scheduled
Wastes Treatment and Disposal Facilities) Order 1989.
 On-site treatment facility: means a facility, other than a SW
incinerator or a land treatment facility, located on waste
generator’s site and that is used solely to deal with SW
produced on that site.
34
EQ (SW)(Amendment) R 2007: Regulation 3-Notification

 The waste generator must notify within 30 days from the date
that any SW was first generated (Second Schedule).
35
EQ (SW)(Amendment) R 2007: Regulation 4-Disposal of SW

4.1 SW shall be disposed at prescribed premises.
4.2 SW shall be rendered innocuous prior to disposal.
EQ (SW)(Amendment) R 2007: Regulation 5-Treatment of SW

5.1 SW shall be treated at prescribed premises only.
5.2 Residuals after treatment shall be disposed of at prescribed premises.
EQ (SW)(Amendment) R 2007: Regulation 6-Recovery of SW

6.1 Recovery of materials or product shall be done at prescribed premises or
at on site recovery facilities.
6.2 Residual from recovery of material or product from SW shall be treated or
disposed of at prescribed premises.
EQ (SW)(Amendment) R 2007: Regulation 7-Recovery of Application for

Special Waste Management of SW
7.1 SW to be excluded from being treated, recovered or disposed of at
prescribed premises shall obtain approval for special management. 36
EQ (SW)(Amendment) R 2007: Regulation 8-

Responsibility of Waste Generator
SW shall be stored, treated, recovered in a proper

manner.
SW shall be delivered and received safely at

prescribed premises for treatment, disposal or
recovery.
SW shall be packaged, labelled and transported in

accordance with prescribed guidelines.
37
EQ (SW)(Amendment) R 2007: Regulation 9- Storage

of SW
9.1 Stored in appropriate containers: durable container,
compatible waste, leak proof, no corrosion or tear.
9.2 Incompatible SW stored in separate containers.
9.3 Containers shall always be closed.
9.4 Areas of storage in accordance with the guidelines.
9.5 Store for not more than 180 days and or accumulated
quantity not more than 20 metric tonnes whichever come
first.
9.6 Stored more than 20 metric tonnes-apply to the
director general of DOE.
38
EQ (SW)(Amendment) R 2007: Regulation 9- Storage of SW
39
40
41
For storage design criteria, refer to Section 5.2

Storage Design Criteria in:
42

Labelling of SW
10.1 The date when the SW first generated, name,
address and telephone number of waste generator
shall be clearly labelled on the container.
10.2 Container shall be labelled clearly as specified in
3rd schedule and marked with SW codes as specified in
1st schedule.
43

Labelling of SW
44

Labelling of SW
45

Inventory of SW
Keep SW inventory in accordance with 5th Schedule for
a period of 3 years.
46
EQ (SW)(Amendment) R 2007: Regulation 11- Inventory
of SW
47
EQ (SW)(Amendment) R 2007: Regulation 12- Information to

be provided
12.1 Information of SW to be completed in accordance with 6th
Schedule by waste generator, contractor and receiver.
12.2 Waste generator shall submit within 30days from the date
of transportation.
12.3 Waste receiver shall submit information if received wastes
within 20 days from the date of receipt.
 Requirement of using e-SWIS by DOE for the transportation

of SW from waste generator to waste receiver.
 Details on e-SWIS can be referred in e-SWIS quick guide.
 E-consignment note can be created using e-SWIS.


Information to be provided
49

Transport of SW must be accompanied by
information
13.1 Waste generator shall provide information in
accordance with 7th Schedule (waste card) to the
contractor together with the wastes.
13.2 Waste generator shall inform the contractor the
purpose and use the 7th Schedule.
13.3 Prior to any collection of SW from any waste
generator, the waste receiver must obtain a written
approval from DOE by using TWG form. This
requirement is included as one of the conditions imposed
in the license given to prescribed premise.
50
EQ (SW)(Amendment) R 2007: Regulation 14- Spill

or accidental discharge
14.1 In the event of spill or accidental discharge, the
contractor is responsible to inform the authority
immediately, to do clean-up and to study the impact due
to the spillage or discharge.
14.2 Waste generator shall provide technical expertise
to assist in clean-up operation.
51

Conduct of training
15.1 Training to be provided by waste generator to all
employees involved in SW management.
15.2 Training includes identification, handling,
labelling, transportation and spillage.
52

Compounding Offences
15.1 Every offence in the regulations is liable to be
compounded not exceeding RM2000.00.
53
Example of Schedule waste control practice
SW Code Description Department PIC
SW 204 Water treatment sludge WWTP
Production
Warehouse
SW 401 Spent alkalis containing heavy metals
QC Lab
R&D
Production
Rags, plastics, papers or filters
SW 410 contaminated with scheduled Warehouse
wastes QC Lab
R&D
Disposed containers, bags or equipment Production
contaminated with chemicals, Warehouse
SW 409 pesticides, mineral oil or scheduled QC Lab
wastes R&D
Production
Chemicals that are discarded or off- Warehouse
SW 429 specification QC Lab
R&D
SW 306 Spent Hydraulic oil Maintenance
SW 305 Spent Lubricating oil Maintenance
54
Example of Schedule waste control flow chart
Identified type of schedule waste produced by each department
SW shall be placed in closed container at designated area.
Properly labelled the container with SW code and must included

the first generation date
Noted: Please refer to the

Record SW quantity (KG) in inventory form and completed with attachment given for SW
generation date. label
Full container of schedule waste shall be placed at SW storage Noted: Please refer to the
area. attachment given for
inventory form
PIC of each department, shall submit weekly inventory record
to Ain. Noted: Storage of scheduled
waste shall be less than 180
days and the quantity not
Arrangement for disposal can be done only by Ain exceed 20 tonnes.
Noted: Disposal of SW can

Please return the consignment note form to Ain, to be key in in only done by approval from
e-swiss (DOE online SW record). Dr.khew, and Cheng Lay Peng.
55
7.2 Basel Convention for Hazardous Waste
Transboundary Movement
















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Chapter 7-Scheduled Waste

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Chapter 7-Scheduled Waste

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CHAPTER 7

Define scheduled waste

Differentiate responsibility of waste

Briefly describe the characteristic and

Explain the process of identifying SW

Explain the process of classifying SW

Describe Environmental Quality (SW)

“ Substances or object which are disposed of or are intended

“ An object the holder discards, intends to discard or is

EQA “Waste includes any matter prescribed to be scheduled

EQA “Scheduled waste means any waste prescribed by the

EQ “Scheduled waste means any waste falling within categories

Chapter 7: Scheduled Waste 4

Chapter 7: Scheduled Waste 5

2. Waste contractor (transporter).

3. Waste treatment and disposal facilities

2. Waste contractor (transporter).

3. Waste receiver (reuse, reutilize, recovery,

3 Reuse or recycle wastes whenever possible.

4 Send wastes for reuse, reutilization, or co-processing.

6 Dispose wastes only at approved facilities.

7 Provide inventory of SW generated, disposed and treated.

8 Waste can be stored, recovered and treated on-site.

14 Establish ERP in order to contain spillage.

Complete part II of the Consignment note.

Use the designated routes.

Apply whatever practicable to contain, cleanse, or abate the spill or accidental

Undertake studies to determine the impact of the spillage or accidental

4 Establish and ERP in order to

Conduct research to improve

Ignitable Corrosive Toxic Reactive

1 Can create fire under certain conditions.

It is an ignitable compressed gas.

Identifies wastes that are acidic or alkaline

If the waste has an aqeuos component and

If the waste [has a liquid component and

If the waste reacts violently If the waste forms potentially

If the cyanide or sulfide

If the waste is capable to If the waste is readily

If the waste or its extract has any of the

Toxicity Characteristic Leaching

Ability to spread disease or illness through

Any waste which consist wholly or partly of

Other pharmaceutical products, swabs or

• Wastes containing principally inorganic

Adour and smells.

Release of any vapour, fume or

Colour-brown, green, black and etc.

Typical Examples of SW1:Metal and metal-bearing wastes

Typical Examples of SW5:Other wastes

 Objective of EQ(SW) Regulation 2005:

EQ (SW)(Amendment) R 2007: Regulation 2-Interpretation

EQ (SW)(Amendment) R 2007: Regulation 3-Notification

EQ (SW)(Amendment) R 2007: Regulation 4-Disposal of SW

EQ (SW)(Amendment) R 2007: Regulation 5-Treatment of SW

EQ (SW)(Amendment) R 2007: Regulation 6-Recovery of SW

EQ (SW)(Amendment) R 2007: Regulation 7-Recovery of Application for

EQ (SW)(Amendment) R 2007: Regulation 8-

SW shall be stored, treated, recovered in a proper

SW shall be delivered and received safely at

SW shall be packaged, labelled and transported in

EQ (SW)(Amendment) R 2007: Regulation 9- Storage

For storage design criteria, refer to Section 5.2