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    During the Japanese occupation of the Philippines from 1941-1945: - Philippine literature in English came to a halt as newspapers in English were stopped by the Japanese except for a few publications. - Literary output was minor and insignificant due to strict censorship and lack of freedom of speech and press. - Tagalog was favored over English and many writers turned to writing in the Filipino language. - Notable writers included Carlos P. Romulo who won the Pulitzer Prize, and journalists Salvador P. Lopez, Leon Ma. Guerrero, Raul Manglapuz and Carlos Bulosan.

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    During the Japanese occupation of the Philippines from 1941-1945: - Philippine literature in English came to a halt as newspapers in English were stopped by the Japanese except for a few publications. - Literary output was minor and insignificant due to strict censorship and lack of freedom of speech and press. - Tagalog was favored over English and many writers turned to writing in the Filipino language. - Notable writers included Carlos P. Romulo who won the Pulitzer Prize, and journalists Salvador P. Lopez, Leon Ma. Guerrero, Raul Manglapuz and Carlos Bulosan.

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    229 views20 pages

    Japanese Period

    Uploaded by

    DanaGailRivera
    During the Japanese occupation of the Philippines from 1941-1945: - Philippine literature in English came to a halt as newspapers in English were stopped by the Japanese except for a few publications. - Literary output was minor and insignificant due to strict censorship and lack of freedom of speech and press. - Tagalog was favored over English and many writers turned to writing in the Filipino language. - Notable writers included Carlos P. Romulo who won the Pulitzer Prize, and journalists Salvador P. Lopez, Leon Ma. Guerrero, Raul Manglapuz and Carlos Bulosan.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 20

    JAPANESE

    PERIOD
    1941 – 1945
    • Between 1941-1945, Philippine Literature
    was interrupted in its development when
    we were again conquered by another
    foreign country, Japan.

    • Philippine literature in English came to a halt.

    • Except for the Tribune and the Philippine


    Review, Pillars, Free Philippines, and
    Filipina, almost all newspapers in English
    were stopped by the Japanese.
    • During this time, there was no
    freedom of speech and of the
    press.

    • Victoria Abelardo has described


    Filipino writing during the
    Japanese occupation as being
    pessimistic and bitter.
    There were some efforts at
    escapist literature, but in general,
    the literary output was minor and
    insignificant. Because of strict
    censorship, few literary works
    were printed during the war years.
    The weekly
    Liwayway was
    placed under
    strict
    surveillance until
    it was managed
    by a Japanese
    named Ishiwara.
    • The only contact with the outside
    world was done with utmost secrecy
    through the underground radio
    program called
    “Voice of Freedom”.
    • Tagalog was favored by
    the Japanese military
    authority and writing in
    English was consigned to
    a limbo.

    • Japanese were able to


    influence and encourage
    the Filipino in developing
    the vernacular literature.
    • The only Filipino writers
    who could write freely
    were those who were
    living in the United
    States.

    • Most writers and


    authors were lead to
    either go underground
    or write in Tagalog.
    • So, Filipino
    literature was
    given a break
    during this period.
    • Filipino literature
    also experienced
    renewed attention
    because writers in
    English turned to
    writing in Filipino.
    Filipino Poetry
    • Three types of poems emerged during this
    period.
    Haiku
    – a poem of free verse that the Japanese
    liked.
    It is made up of seventeen (17) syllables
    divided into three (3) lines. The first line
    has five, the second – seven and the third
    – five. It is allegorical in meaning, short
    and covers a wide scope in meaning.
    • Tanaga
    - like the haiku, it is short, but has
    measure and rhyme. Each line has
    seventeen syllables and is also
    allegorical in meaning.
    • Karaniwang Anyo (Usual Form)
    – the usual and common form of
    poetry
    Filipino Short Stories
    -The field of the short story widened during
    the Japanese Occupation.
    Many wrote short stories.

    -Among them were:


    Brigido Batungbakal Macario Pineda
    Serafin Guinigindo Liwayway Arceo,
    Narciso Ramos NVM Gonzales,
    Alicia Lopez Lim
    Ligaya Perez
    Filipino Drama
    -The drama experienced a lull during the Japanese
    period because movie houses showing American films
    were closed.
    - The big movie houses were just made to show stage
    shows. Many of the plays were reproductions of English
    plays to Tagalog.
    -The translators were Francisco Soc Rodrigo, Alberto
    Concio, and Narciso Pimentel.
    -They also founded the organization of Filipino players
    named Dramatic Philippines.
    A few of the playwriters
    were:

    1. Jose Ma. Hernandez –


    wrote PANDAY PIRA
    2.Francisco Soc
    Rodrigo – wrote
    sa PULA, SA PUTI
    3.Clodualdo del Mundo –
    wrote BULAGA (an
    expression in the game
    Hide and Seek).

    4. Julian Cruz Balmaceda


    – wrote SINO BA KAYO?,
    DAHIL SA ANAK, and
    HIGANTE NG PATAY.
    The best writings in
    1945 were selected by
    a group of judges
    composed of

    Francisco Icasiano,
    Jose Esperanza Cruz,
    Antonio Rosales,
    Clodualdo del Mundo
    and Teodoro Santos.
    As a result of this selection,
    the following got the first three prizes:
    First Prize:
    Narciso Reyes with his LUPANG TINUBUAN
    Second Prize:
    Liwayway Arceo’s
    UHAW ANG TIGANG NA LUPA
    Third Prize:
    NVM Gonzales’
    LUNSOD NAYON AT DAGAT-DAGATAN
    Noteworthy writer of the period
    was Carlos P. Romulo who won the Pulitzer
    Prize for his bestsellers

    I SAW THE FALL OF THE PHILIPPINES,


    I SEE THE PHILIPPINES RISE and his MOTHER
    AMERICA AND MY BROTHER AMERICANS.
    Journalists include Salvador P. Lopez, Leon Ma.
    Geurrero, Raul Manglapuz and Carlos Bulosan.
    Nick Joaquin produced THE WOMAN WHO
    LOOKED LIKE LAZARUS. Fred Ruiz Castro
    wrote a few poems.
    LITERATURE AND SOCIETY
    by Salvador P. Lopez (Essay)

    HIS NATIVE SOIL – by Juan Laya (Novel)

    President Manuel L. Quezon’s autobiography


    THE GOOD FIGHT was published posthumously.

    Other writers of this period were Juan Collas


    (19440, Tomas Confesor (1945), Roman A. de la
    Cruz and Elisa Tabuñar.
    Thanks
    for watching !

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