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Syntax: Valency: Prepared By: Roland John M. Peniano Mat - English
Syntax: Valency: Prepared By: Roland John M. Peniano Mat - English
VALENCY
PREPARED BY:
ROLAND JOHN M. PENIANO
MAT – ENGLISH
Do you have any idea of what
Valence in Syntax is?
What is Valence in Syntax?
It is the ability of a verb to combine
grammatically with noun phrases in a
given clause.
In linguistics, valence is the number and
type of connections that syntactic
elements can form in a sentence. Also
known as complementation.
The term “valency” is derived from the
field of study of chemistry.
6.1 SUBJECT AND OBJECT COMPLEMENT
(24) A. John snores loudly.
(How does John snores?)
(It answers the questions How)
S V O S V O
Doing Active Receiving Doing Passive Receiving
Action Verb Action Action Verb Action
Examples of Active and Passive Sentence
ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE
1. Samuel eat an apple. 1. An apple was eaten by Samuel.
2. The dog bit the man. 2. The man was bitten by the dog.
4. Anna has written a story recently. 4. A story has been written by Anna
recently.
5. I will write a letter. 5. A letter will be written by me.
List of Common Irregular Verbs
Base Form Present Tense Past Tense Past Participle
be is was / were been
bite bites bit bitten
blow blows blew blown
break breaks broke broken
choose chooses chose chosen
do does did done
draw draws drew drawn
hide hides hid hidden
know knows knew known
List of Common Irregular Verbs
Base Form Present Tense Past Tense Past Participle
ride rides rode ridden
rise rises rose risen
see sees saw seen
shake shakes shook shaken
steal steals stole stolen
take takes took taken
tear tears tore torn
throw throws threw thrown
wear wears wore worn
write writes wrote written
Group Activity
Transform the following active sentences to passive ones.
ACTIVE SENTENCES PASSIVE SENTENCES
1. The article discusses the effects of 1. The effects of inflation are discussed
inflation. in the article.
2. My sister will learn the lesson. 2. The lesson will be learnt by my sister.
3. Our manuscript will be passed next
3. We will pass our manuscript next week.
week. 4. Wuthering Heights was written by
4. Emily Brontë wrote Wuthering Emily Brontë.
Heights. 5. It has been decided by the class that
5. The class has decided that everyone everyone should passed the test.
should passed the test.
ACTIVE SENTENCE PASSIVE SENTENCE