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DOCTRINE OF COLOURABLE

LEGISLATION
INTERPRETATION OF STATUTES- LLB
6TH SEM- REVISION LECTURE- PPT
COLOURABLE LEGISLATION

• Doctrine of Colorable Legislation like any other constitutional law is a tool


devised and applied by the Supreme Court of India to interpret various
constitutional provisions. It is a guiding principle of immense utility while
construing provisions relating to legislative competence.
• Doctrine of Colorable Legislation is built upon the founding stones of the
Doctrine of Separation of Power. Separation of Power mandates that a balance
of power is to be struck between the different components of the State i.e.
between the Legislature, the Executive and the Judiciary. The primary function of
the legislature is to make laws. Whenever Legislature tries to shift this balance of
power towards itself then the Doctrine of Colorable Legislation is attracted to
take care of Legislative Accountability.
• The literal meaning of Colorable Legislation is that under the ‘colour’ or ‘guise’ of
the power conferred for one particular purpose, the legislature cannot seek to
achieve some other purpose which it is otherwise not competent to legislate on.
COLOURABLE LEGISLATION: INDIA
• In India ‘the doctrine of colorable legislation’ signifies only a limitation of the law making power of the
legislature. It comes into picture while the legislature purporting to act within its power but in reality
it has transgressed those powers. So the doctrine becomes applicable whenever a legislation seeks to
do in an indirect manner what it cannot do directly. If the impugned legislation falls within the
competence of legislature, the question of doing something indirectly which cannot be done directly
doesnot arise.
• In India legislative powers of Parliament and State Legislatures are conferred by Art. 246 and
distributed by Lists I, II and III in the seventh schedule of the Constitution. Parliament has exclusive
power to make laws with respect to any of the matters in List II. Parliament and State Legislatures
have both powers to make laws with respect matters in List III which is also known as concurrent list.
Residuary power of legislation is vested in Parliament by virtue of Art. 248 and entry 97 in list I. the
power of State Legislatures to make laws is subject to the power of Parliament to make laws with
respect to matters in List I and III. While examining the legislative competence of Parliament to make a
law all that is required to be seen is whether the subject matter falls in List II which Parliament cannot
enter for in view of the residuary power vesting in Parliament other matters are not outside the
legislative competence of Parliament. Legislative competency is an issue that relates to how legislative
power must be shared between the center and states. It focuses only on the relation between the
two.

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