LESSON 3:

FORMS OF COMMUNICATION

Windy Dexter Kia Beso

Ralph
Naranjo Bernales Concepcion
 FORMS OF COMMUNICATION
Communication is the exchange of ideas, thoughts, and information from one source to another.
 FORMS OF COMMUNICATION

• Verbal Communication

• Non-verbal
Communication

• Written Communication
 Verbal Communication
• The sharing of information, ideas, thoughts, and feelings between
individuals using speech or spoken communication is a verbal
communication.
 Types of Conversation
• According to Angel (2016), there are four types of conversations based on
direction (one-way or two-way) and tone (competitive or cooperative). If
you are in a two-way conversation, participants are both listening and
talking. In a competitive conversation, people are more concerned about
their own perspective, whereas in a cooperative conversation, participants
are interested in the perspective of everyone involved.
 Types of Conversation
• Dialogue is a cooperative, two-way
conversation. The goal is for
participants to exchange information
and build relationships with one
another.

• Debate is a competitive, two-way

conversation. The goal is to win an
argument or convince someone, such
as the other participant of third-party
observers.
 Types of Conversation
• Discourse is a competitive, one-way
conversation. The goal is to deliver
information from the speaker to the
listeners.

• Diatribe is a competitive, one-way

conversation. The goal is to express
emotions, browbeat those that disagree with
you, and/or inspire those that share the
same perspective.
 Effective Verbal Communication
• According to Swedish economist Ljungqvist (2008),
effective verbal communication is almost always more
about listening because there is always an audience. (Why
listening? Because when addressing an audience, we need
to meet their needs and in order to know their needs we
must listen.)
 Effective Verbal Communication
• Know your audience
- Thoroughly understand the audience and their likely attitude toward the message of your
presentation.
• Know your topic.
- There is no substitute for preparation.
• Plan your presentation.
- Make an outline or a storyboard. Be creative.
• Be familiar with the venue
- It is always a good idea to familiarize yourself with the venue of your presentation.
 NONVERBAL
COMMUNICATION
- Refers to the transmission of a message without the use of words. Instead,
the message is conveyed through gestures, body language, posture, facial
expression, eye contact, touch, and tone of voice.
- According to (Mehrabian,
1981) showed that only
7% of a receiver
comprehensions of a
message is based on the
sender’s actual words.
NON-VERBAL CUES
 2.) Eye Contact
1). Facial Expression - Maintaining an eye contact
- most common among all the when we engage in
nonverbal cues. conversation creates a clear
connection
3.) Body Language 4.) Posture
-conveys feelings of uneasiness -position of our body relative to a chair
and nervousness, sincerity, and or another person is another powerful
trust worthiness. silent messenger that conveys interest,
aloofness, and professionalism
5.) Touch
- conveys a close relationship
between two persons.

6.) Space
-how far or close we are to the
person we are talking with may
convey different meanings. Also
called as proxemics

7.) Appearance
- Refers to one’s grooming or
fashion style, neatness, and use
of cosmetics, which may
communicate one’s personality
8.) Symbols 9.) Aesthetic Communication
- Includes religious, status, or - Includes creative expression
ego building symbols. like dancing, painting, and the
like which may say something
about one’s talent or artistry
WRITTEN
COMMUNICATION
• It uses written language
a. Pen and paper (letters and documents)
b. Electronic documents
c. E-mail
d. SMS
e. Memos
f. Written reports
• It is indispensable in formal business
communication and legal documents.
• Its effectiveness depends mainly on writing
style, grammar, vocabulary, and clarity.
• It is asynchronous.
• It can also be collaborative in the
sense that multiple people can
contribute to the content of one
document before that document to be
sent to the intended reader.
 HOWEVER, there m
ay also be some
communication. F DISADVANTAGES in
o r i t m ay n o t pr using written
in verbal commun o v ide immediate fe
ication. It also ed b ac k u nl ik e
a written commun t akes a longer ti
ication compared me to c o mp os e
actually struggl t o speech, and so
ing in writing b me people
ecause of their
w r iti n g sk i l ls.
CLARITY
important factor in
written communicatio
n.

to achieve clarity,
we have to adhere to
principles of adapta the
tion, that is, we ha
our message to the r ve to fit
eader.
 th e f o l l o w i ng
0 04 ) o u tl i n e s
LESIKAR (2 e ct i n g w or ds
e s ti on s i n s el
sugg c i p l es of
p ri n
observing the
adaptation.
We should strive to use common words because they are
easier to understand. We should write to express our
thoughts, and it will be more comprehensible if we use
high frequency words.

“Small men use big words; Big men use small words.”

- CHURCHILL

1.) USE FAMILIAR WORDS

 a l l b e made as
h
p r e p a r ations s a l l federal
“ S uc h c u r e
c o mp l e tely obs r a l building
s
w il l e d e
d i n g s a nd non-f l g o ve r nment
buil e federa
u p i e d b y t h
r a n y p eriod of
occ raid fo
r i n g a n a i r
b y r e a son of
du
v i s i b i lity a t io n . Such
m i n
time fro e x t e r nal illum ither by
r n a l o r a in e d e
inte m a y be obt e r mination
t i o n b y t
obscura n s t ru c tion or
c o
blackout m i n a t ion”.
l l u
of the i
“Tell the
m that in
where they buildings
have to ke
work going ep the
to put som
over the w ething
indows; an
building w d, in
here they
work stop can let th
for a whil e
the lights e, turn out
.”
 2.) CHOOSE SHORT OVER LONG WORDS
EXAMPLE:
ier to
- Shorter words are eas A SENTENCE WITH
to longer
understand compared LONGER WORDS
words. “ They acceded
proposition to to the
- It contributes to the business.”
terminate
the
comprehensibility of
message. A SENTENCE WITH
SHORTER WORDS
d like
“I never use the wor
opolis w he n I can get the same “They agreed t
o qu it
metr business.”
price for city.”
- Mark Twain
 - This is useful for people who belong to
. ) U SE the same field.
3
C H N IC AL - We are suggested to write using layman’s
TE TH terms.
S W I
WORD N
CA U T I O
EXAMPLE:

“Annuity has a clear meaning to someone

in the insurance.”

In layman’s term, it simply means a contract

that guarantees an income for a specified
period which would have more meaning to
uninformed outsiders.
4.) SELECT WORDS WITH THE RIGHT STRENGTH AND VIGOR
WEAK EXP
RESSION
E m i n en t l STRONG E
y s u cc e s ords whose
XPRESSIO
business s fu l s e l e c t w N
person We should p r o p r i at e to our
s a p
strength i e . F o r instance, tycoon
s sa g
written me o r d s in b usiness
est w
the strong a re nouns and
ti on
communica
c o l o r f u l wor ds l ike
le
verbs, whi adverbs are
v e s a n d
adjecti t e r a r y texts.
n l i
stronger i co m m unicate
o r d s
Stronger w n m a k e t he writer
d c a
better, an his goal i
n
a c h i e v e
easily
writing.
 5.) USE CONCRETE LANGUAGE

- Concrete language is exact, clear, and communicates better.

- An abstract construction may be interpreted in different

ways because it is subjective.
 ABSTRACT CONCRETE
A 6 0% lo ss
A significant loss
43 out of 45 st
The majority udents
Php 2,000.00
Substantial amount
Does the work o
A labor-saving f 7
workers
machine
6.) USE THE ACTIVE VOICE

n c e p r o du ces
v o i ce s e n te
Active e r w r i ti n g . I t
r , l i v el i
stronge c t i o n a n d
L E: s iz e s t he a
EXA M
P em p ha
a v e s w o r d s .
I VE : ect ed usually s v e r , t he
PA S S i n s p
ne r a l , ho w e
w e re I n g e
e book r.
o i c e s e n t e nce
active v
T h i to
u d
t he a s b e t t er .
b y
communicat e
V E: cte d
ACTI in s pe
r
a u d it o
The
b o o ks
th e
7. AVOID OVERUSE OF CAMOUFLAGED VERBS
When a verb is camoufla
ged, the
verb describing the act
ion in a
sentence is changed int
o a noun.
EXAMPLE:

WORDY:

The new policy in

volved the
standardization o
f the new procedur
es.
Revised:

the new policy st

andardized the
new procedures.
OT HER FORM S OF C
O MMUN ICAT I O N
 INTERPERSONA
INTRAPERSONAL COMMUNICATION L CO MM UNI C AT
IO N

Mclean (2005) defines this The exchang

e of ideas,
as communicating with information
, feelings,
oneself, and that may attitudes b an d
et wee n two
include self-talk, acts of more people or
.
imagination, and
visualization, and even
recall and memory.
 VISUAL COMMUNICAT
PUBLIC COMMUNICATION ION

The delivery of a message to The transmission of

a particular group of information and idea
people, as when a political s
using symbols and
candidate delivers a images.
political campaign speech to
the listeners.
 Computer-Mediated
MASS COMMUNICATION Communication

It is often referred
It is a process in which a to as
CMC. CMC is “ the u
person, group of people, or an se of
an application compu
organization sends a message ter to
control multimedia
through television, radio, print interactive and mess
media, and social media to a age-
based communication.”
large group of anonymous and (Walters, 1995)
heterogeneous people and
organizations.
 LESSON
LESSON 3: 4:
FORMS OF COMMUNICATION
VISUAL
COMMUNICATION
Ralph
Naranjo
Windy
Bernales
Dexter
Concepcion
Kia Beso
 “The more you see, the more you know”
-Aldous Huxley

Visual Communication
-makes use of any image that communicates an idea

• Tracing the History of Visual Communication

Cave paintings
-40,000 years ago cave paintings were used as
primitive form
of communication that were drawn on cave
walls and cave ceillings.
Petroglyphs

-around 10,000 to 12,000 years ago, images carved on rocks were believed to
have deep cultural and religious significance to the societies that created them.

.
Geoglyphs

-designs on the ground produced by

arranging gravel,stones or soil.

Nazca Lines in Peru

 Pictograms,Ideograms and Logograms
-Pictograms(pictures which resemble what they signify
or representation of physical object). Ideograms(pictures which represents ideas)
Logogram(character that represents a word)

Pictograms/ Ideograms Logograms

Cuneiforms

-invented by the Sumerians and believed to

be one
of the earliest systems of writing for labor
organization and resources

Cuneiform tablet

Hieroglyphics
-a combination of
logographic,alphabetic,and
ideographic elements used by ancient
Egyptians.

Egyptian hieroglyphs
 • Major Perspectives in Analyzing Visual Images

1.Personal Perspective
-image analysis depends on the individual’s thoughts and values.

2.Historical Perspective
-determination of a work’s importance based on the medium’s timeline.

3.Technical Perspective
-different media convey messages differently based on the platform
used.
4.Ethical Perspective
-considers the moral and ethical responsibilities shared by the artist or the producer
of the image the subject and the viewer.

5.Cultural Perspective
-brings the idea that all cultures use symbols to communicate meaning within
groups.

6.Critical perspective
-allows the audience to look at the bigger issues associated with the
image