The Basicsof Stoichiometryand Molecalculations
The Basicsof Stoichiometryand Molecalculations
The Basicsof Stoichiometryand Molecalculations
or
O
% Composition of Carbon in C5H8NO4
Step 2 % C = (mass of part ÷mass of whole) X 100
or
% element = (# atoms of element)(atomic weight of the element) x 100
Formula weight of the compound
Answer?
Percent Composition
What is the percent carbon in C5H8NO4 (the
glutamic acid used to make MSG
monosodium glutamate), a compound used
to flavor foods and tenderize meats?
a) 8.22 %C
b) 24.3 %C
c) 41.1 %C
Avagadro’s number and The
Mole
6.02 x 10 23
602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
The Mole
• A counting unit
• Similar to a dozen, except instead
of 12, it’s 602 billion trillion
602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
• 6.02 X 1023 (in scientific notation)
• This number is named in honor of
Amedeo _________ (1776 – 1856), 1856)
who studied quantities of gases
and discovered that no matter what
the gas was, there were the same
number of molecules present
How big of a unit is a mole?
• If you had Avogadro's number of
unpopped popcorn kernels, and spread
them across the United States of
America, the country would be covered
in popcorn to a depth of over 9 miles.
The Mole (abbreviated as mol)
• 1 dozen cookies = 12 cookies
• 1 mole of cookies = 6.02 X 1023 cookies
1 mole
6.02 x 1023 particles
• Molecular Formula
The formula that states the actual
number of each kind of atom found in one
molecule of the compound.
To obtain an Empirical Formula
1. Determine the mass in grams of each
element present, if necessary.
2. Calculate the number of moles of each
element.
3. Divide each by the smallest number of moles
to obtain the simplest whole number ratio.
4. If whole numbers are not obtained* in step 3),
multiply through by the smallest number
that will give all whole numbers
* Be careful! Do not round off numbers prematurely
A sample of a brown gas, a major air pollutant, is
found to contain 2.34 g N and 5.34g O. Determine a
formula for this substance.