Analogies 1st

Let us think!
 If James Reid is an actor, then Sarah Geronimo is a ________.

 If Lenovo is a brand of a gadget, then Purefoods is a brand of ________.
 Selena is the ex-girlfriend of Justin Bieber, then who is Bea Alonzo
________.
 Cell is the basic unit of life, family is the basic ________.
 Cup is to coffee as bowl is to ________.
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ANALOGY
 a comparison of two otherwise unlike things based on

resemblance of a particular aspect.
 a term that means "word relationships"
 Analogies are like a word puzzle.
To answer an analogy question you must:
 Recognize the relationship between the words in the given word pair.
 Select the answer containing words related to one another in most nearly the
same way.
 Recognize when two word pairs display equal relationships.
 In order to solve analogy questions, you must first have a clear understanding of
the words’ definitions and then use that understanding to determine how the
words are related.
Examples of possible relationships in an
analogy:
 Antonyms
 Synonyms
 Cause and Effect
 Part to Whole
 Object to Place
 Characteristic Quality
 Object and Function
 Performer and Action
 Performer and Object
Synonyms
 pairs that show a similar relationship or have the same meaning
Here is one example of Synonym relationships:

 Beige is to tan as Fall is to autumn.
 Couch is to sofa as bush is to shrub.
Try this!
Infant: Baby::Grown-Up: _________
Infant: Baby:: Grown-Up: Adult
husband : spouse :: baby : __________

husband : spouse :: baby : infant
Antonyms
 pairs that show an opposite relationship
Here is one example of Antonym relationships:

 On is to off as black is to white.
 Girl is to boy as up is to down
Try this!
big: small: :full:_______

big: small: :full: empty
night : day :: happy : ______

Part to Whole
 pairs that show the first word as part of the second word
Here is one example of Part to Whole relationships:

 monitor is to computer as finger is to hand
 pitcher is to baseball as lettuce is to salad
Try this!
wheel: car: :branch:__________
wheel: car: :branch: tree
student : classroom :: leaf : _________

student : classroom :: leaf : tree
Cause and Effect
 Involves a noun or verb that leads to the other word
Here is one example of Cause and Effect relationships:

 Rain is to umbrella as hungry is to eat.
 Fire is to smoke as diet is to lose weight .
Try this!
thirsty : drink :: study : __________
virus: cold :: carelessness: ___________
Object to Place
 Where something can be found
Here are examples of object to place relationships:

 Car is to garage as stove is to kitchen.
 Tub is to bathroom as fire is to fireplace.
Try this!
statue : museum :: movie : __________
skater : rink :: musician : ____
Characteristic Quality
 The first part describes the second part
Here are examples of characteristic quality relationships:

 Inquisitive is to child, as round is to ball.
 Flat is to table, as high is to mountain.
Try this!
mirror: smooth :: sandpaper: __________

Flamingo: pink:: pillow: ____________
Object and Function
 one word is object and another one is the related function
 describes the function of a certain tool or item
Here are examples of characteristic quality relationships:

 Pen is to write as knife is to cut.
 Shovel is to dig as book is to read.
Try this!
scissors: cut :: awl: __________

hand: grasp :: teeth: ____________
Performer and Object
 Relationship is based on how a person uses or relates to an object
Here are examples of performer and object relationships:

 Cashier is to cash, as plumber is to pipe.
 Baker is to oven, as actor is to stage.
Try this!
jugglers: balls :: painter :____________

writer: pen ::doctor : ______________
Performer and Action
 Relationship is based on how a person relates to or perform action
Here are examples of performer and action relationships:

 Author is to write, as chef is to cook.
 Baker is to bake, as baby is to cry.
Try this!
teacher: instructs:: students: __________

movie star: act :: artist: ____________

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Let us think!

 If James Reid is an actor, then Sarah Geronimo is a ________.

 a comparison of two otherwise unlike things based on

 pairs that show a similar relationship or have the same meaning

Here is one example of Synonym relationships:

husband : spouse :: baby : __________

 pairs that show an opposite relationship

Here is one example of Antonym relationships:

big: small: :full:_______

night : day :: happy : ______

Here is one example of Part to Whole relationships:

student : classroom :: leaf : _________

 Involves a noun or verb that leads to the other word

Here is one example of Cause and Effect relationships:

 Where something can be found

Here are examples of object to place relationships:

Here are examples of characteristic quality relationships:

mirror: smooth :: sandpaper: __________

Here are examples of characteristic quality relationships:

scissors: cut :: awl: __________

Here are examples of performer and object relationships:

jugglers: balls :: painter :____________

Here are examples of performer and action relationships:

teacher: instructs:: students: __________

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