SIGNIFICANC

E OF
NURSING
THEORY:
Discipline & Profession
ELAINE FRANCES M. ILLO, RM, RN
“The systematic accumulation of knowledge is essential to
progress in any profession . . . however theory and practice
must be constantly interactive. Theory without practice is
empty and practice without theory is blind.”

— (Cross, 1981, p.
110).
EVOLUTION OF NURSING THEORY
Historical Major Question Emphasis Outcomes Emerging
Eras Goal
Curriculum What curriculum Courses Standardized Develop
Era: 1900 to content should included in curricula for specialized
1940s student nurses study nursing diploma knowledge and
to be nurses? programs programs higher education

Research Era: What is the focus for Role of nurses Problem studies Isolated studies
1950 – 1970s nursing research? and what to and studies of do not yield
research nurses unified
knowledge
Historical Major Question Emphasis Outcomes Emerging Goal
Eras
Graduate Carving out an
What knowledge is Nurses have an Focus graduate
Education advanced role and
needed for the important role in health education on
Era: 1950 – basis for nursing
practice of nursing? care knowledge devt.
1970s practice
How do theses
There are many Nursing theoretical Theories guide
Theory Era: frameworks guide
ways to think works shifts the focus nursing research
1980-1990s research and
about nursing to the patient and practice
practice?

Nursing
Theory What new theories Nursing Theory Middle-range theory
frameworks
Utilization are needed to guide research, may be from
produce knowledge
Era: 21st produce evidence of practice, education quantitative or
(evidence) for
Century quality care? & administration qualitative approaches
quality care
 OVERVIEW
At the beginning of the twentieth
century, nursing was not recognized as
an academic discipline or a profession.
The accomplishments of the past century
led to the recognition of nursing in
both areas. The terms discipline and
profession are interrelated, and some
may even use them interchangeably;
however they are not the same.
 OVERVI
EW
 Nursing Theoretical Works represents the
most comprehensive ideas and systematic
knowledge about nursing.
 Therefore, nursing theoretical works are
vital to the future of both the discipline
and the profession of nursing.
 01
Nursing Nursing
Theory Practice

Nursing
Research
 SIGNIFICANCE OF
NURSING AS A
DISCIPLINE
01 University baccalaureate 02Attention to the importance
programs proliferated, masters of nursing
programs in nursing were conceptualizations for the research process and the
role of a conceptual framework in the purpose and
developed, and the curricula
design of research production of science and
began to be standardized Works began to be recognize
nursing theoretical works also began to publish.
through the accreditation for their theoretical
process. 04 Our products
nature, such
Henderson, Nightingale
as

and Orlando, Peplau,

and Wiedenbach were
recognized for the
theoretical nature of
their earlier writings.
Making beautiful
souvenirs
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 Our goals

Mercury Venus
Mercury is the closest planet to the Venus has a beautiful name and is the
Sun and the smallest one in the Solar second planet from the Sun. It’s
System terribly hot
 Why are we different?

Caring Authentic Passionate

Despite being red, Mars is a Venus is the second planet Mercury is the closest planet
cold place from the Sun to the Sun
150,000
Big numbers catch your audience’s attention
 Our core values

Teamwork Trust
Mercury is the closest Mars is actually a very
planet to the Sun cold place

Sustainability Innovation
Jupiter is the biggest planet Venus is the second planet
of them all from the Sun
A picture
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words

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 15,000
Despite being red, Mars is actually a
cold place

20,000 45,000
Saturn is a gas giant, it also has several Neptune is the farthest planet from the
rings Sun
 Our family members

Anna Smith Peter Smith

Mercury is the closest Despite being red, Mars is
planet to the sun a cold place

Chloe Smith Ben Smith

Jupiter is the biggest Venus is the second planet
planet of them all from the Sun
 Main competitors

50 14 35
% % %
Mercury Venus Mars
Mercury is the closest Venus is the farthest planet Despite being red, Mars is
planet to the Sun from the Sun a cold place
Awesom
e words
 Family awards

Mercury Mars
Mercury is the closest planet Despite being red, Mars is a
to the sun cold place
Venus
Venus is the second planet
from the Sun
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 Main competitors

01 02 03
Venus Mars Jupiter
Venus is the second planet Despite being red, Mars is a Jupiter is the biggest planet
from the Sun cold place of them all
 Competitor analysis

Mars Jupiter Venus Mercury

Despite being red, Jupiter is the biggest Venus is the second Mercury is the closest
Mars is a cold place planet of them all planet from the Sun planet to the sun
 04
Our products
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 Our products

Neptune Venus Saturn

Neptune is the fourth- Venus is the second planet Saturn is a gas giant and
largest planet from the Sun has several rings

Mars Mercury Jupiter

Despite being red, Mars is Mercury is the smallest Jupiter is the biggest planet
a cold place planet of them all
Most valued products

75% 25%

Mercury Jupiter
It’s the closest planet to Jupiter is the biggest
the sun planet
 Monthly budget

Jupiter Mercury Venus Mars

$ 2,000 $4,600 $4,800 $5,100
$3,500 $1,000 $2,000 $3,200
 What do they say about us?

Anna Smith
“Mercury is the closest planet to
the Sun and the smallest one in Ben Lloyd
the Solar System—it’s only a bit
larger than the Moon” “Venus has a beautiful name and
is the second planet from the
Sun. It has a poisonous
atmosphere”
International expansion

Europe
Mars is actually a very cold place

America
Mercury is the smallest planet

Asia
Venus is the second planet
 Our team

Jenna Doe
You can speak a bit about this
person here

Timmy Jimmy
You can speak a bit about this
person here
 Our evolution

2015
Neptune is the fourth-
largest planet

2000 2020
Neptune is the fourth- Neptune is the fourth-
largest planet largest planet
Thanks
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