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  • Impact of Traffic Flow Characteristics in Multilane Highway and Pavement Design

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    1. The document analyzes traffic flow characteristics and their impact on multilane highway and pavement design. Traffic and inventory surveys were conducted to collect data on vehicle types, speeds, volumes, etc. 2. PCU values, capacity, free flow speeds were estimated for different vehicle types using various methods. Speed-volume relationships were studied using graphs. 3. Based on the traffic forecast and CBR/CSA values, the required pavement thickness for the study area was designed as per IRC standards. The analysis found designing for 15-year traffic instead of present traffic can double the lifespan if proper maintenance is carried out.

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    1. The document analyzes traffic flow characteristics and their impact on multilane highway and pavement design. Traffic and inventory surveys were conducted to collect data on vehicle types, speeds, volumes, etc. 2. PCU values, capacity, free flow speeds were estimated for different vehicle types using various methods. Speed-volume relationships were studied using graphs. 3. Based on the traffic forecast and CBR/CSA values, the required pavement thickness for the study area was designed as per IRC standards. The analysis found designing for 15-year traffic instead of present traffic can double the lifespan if proper maintenance is carried out.

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    16 views11 pages

    Impact of Traffic Flow Characteristics in Multilane Highway and Pavement Design

    Uploaded by

    pannaga m r
    1. The document analyzes traffic flow characteristics and their impact on multilane highway and pavement design. Traffic and inventory surveys were conducted to collect data on vehicle types, speeds, volumes, etc. 2. PCU values, capacity, free flow speeds were estimated for different vehicle types using various methods. Speed-volume relationships were studied using graphs. 3. Based on the traffic forecast and CBR/CSA values, the required pavement thickness for the study area was designed as per IRC standards. The analysis found designing for 15-year traffic instead of present traffic can double the lifespan if proper maintenance is carried out.

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    of 11

    IMPACT OF TRAFFIC

    FLOW
    CHARACTERISTICS IN
    MULTILANE HIGHWAY
    AND PAVEMENT DESIGN
    AUTHORS:
    PRAVEEN KUMAR M.M.
    ANIKET DESHPANDE
    PANNAGA M.R.
    J. S. VISHWAS (project guide)
    ABSTRACT:
    Data gathered from traffic flow is an important tool required for planning
    and operation of road system .Due to mixed flow traffic in India it is
    important to consider traffic condition while planning and designing of
    pavement. Inventory survey and traffic survey are conducted at selected
    stretch of a highway. Data collected from traffic survey is used to
    calculate future traffic of existing road by simplex method of traffic
    forecasting. Data collected from the above mentioned survey is used to
    design of pavement using CBR method. Estimation of PCU value using
    Satish Chandra method for traffic composition. Determination of capacity
    and free flow speed to study speed volume relationship.

    Keywords: Capacity, CBR, Free flow speed, Pavement design, PCU,


    Volume
    INTRODUCTION:
     Traffic composition on multilane highways comprise of
    wide range of vehicles in terms of their type, size,
    engine, power, etc. which results in broad range of
    speeds.
     The behaviour of traffic flow has to be considered while
    redesigning the highway stretch.
     To understand the real traffic behaviour, it requires some
    of the basic traffic flow characteristics, such as speed,
    flow, density and occupancy through which capacity can
    be derived.
    OBJECTVES:

     Estimation of PCU values at multilane highway. (PCU –


    Passenger Car Unit):
    [Traffic in India is highly heterogeneous; all vehicles in traffic
    streams are converted into equivalent number of passenger car
    unit.]
     Estimation of capacity and free flow speed at multilane highway:
    Capacity and free flow speed of vehicles at different sections of
    the highway were determined and tabulated.
     Study of speed volume relationship at multilane highway: At
    various sections data of speed and volume of vehicles were
    extracted and represented in the form of graphs using which
    relationship between speed and volume can be determined.
     Design of pavement layer by using CBR and CSA values.
    METHODOLOGY
    LITERATURE REVIEW

    SITE SELECTION

    INVENTORY AND TRAFFIC SURVEY

    DATA EXTRACTION

    DATA ANALYSIS AND PAVEMENT DESIGN

    REPRESENTATION OF TRAFFIC
    DISTRIBUTION AND COMPOSITION
    RESULTS
    1. PCU Values of various category of vehicles.
    PCU (Satish Chandra's Method)
    vehicle type PCU (IRC-106:1990)
    Ban-Mys Mys-Ban
    2-wheeler 0.1550983 0.1468301 0.5
    auto rickshaw 0.646734007 0.712270388 1.2
    car/jeep/taxi 1 1 1
    utility vehicles 0.761315894 0.87982507 __
    mini bus 1.674284446 1.795899387 __
    standard bus 4.071216617 5.295991561 2.2
    LCV passenger 1.314147028 1.784080776 1.4
    LCV goods 1.364504463 1.573407407 1.4
    2-Axle 2.58844482 2.968942189 2.2
    3-Axle 2.643993587 3.682303585 2.2
    Multi Axle 4.616419919 5.703736523 2.2
    Agr. Tractor 3.902161547 3.619917985 4
    Tractor-trailer 4.266169154 4.587379362 4
    Road roller/JCB/Crane 7.181742044 8.576504553 __
    Hand carts 1.841682185 1.566165026 2
    Cycles 0.204081915 0.345215674 0.4
    2. Capacity and free flow speed.
    MAXIMUM CAPACITY = 2181 PCUs /hr
    AVERAGE FREE FLOW SPEED = 27.24467 km/hr

    VEHICLE TYPE FREE FLOW SPEED VEHICLE TYPE FREE FLOW SPEED
    2-wheeler 2-Axle
    39.98798 29.1179024
    auto rickshaw 3-Axle
    29.43951 23.5177311
    car/jeep/taxi Multi Axle
    44.3455364 24.88130
    utility vehicles Agr. Tractor
    23.2683826
    mini bus Tractor-trailer
    32.9248862 28.07707

    standard bus Road roller/JCB/Crane

    28.5590621 18.98583
    LCV passenger Hand carts
    30.0910969 11.98851
    LCV goods Cycles
    29.067295 14.10363
    3. VOLUME AND SPEED RELATIONSHIP.

    GRAPHS THAT REPRESENTS VOLUME OF VEHICLES AND SPEED


    WERE PLOTTED AND DEPENDENCY VALUES ARE DETERMINED
    USING EXCEL SOFTWARE.
    DEPENDENCY VALUES ARE REPRESENTED IN TABLE BELOW.

    DEPENDENCY (R DEPENDENCY (R
    VEHICLE TYPE VEHICLE TYPE
    SQUARE) SQUARE)

    2-wheeler 0.8637 3-Axle 0.3784

    auto rickshaw 0.8792 Multi Axle 0.3441

    car/jeep/taxi 0.8142 Agr. Tractor

    utility vehicles 0.4624 Tractor-trailer 0.7649

    mini bus 0.8325 Road roller/JCB/Crane .9478

    standard bus 0.8572 Hand carts

    LCV passenger 0.3089 Cycles 0.1289

    LCV goods 0.4353 TOTAL 0.643

    2-Axle 0.6693
    4. PAVEMENT DESIGN.
    LABRATORY TEST
    RESULTS:
    OMC : 14.81%
    CBR : 7.3576 %
    CSA BY TRAFFIC FORECASTING : 63.827 million standard axles (after 15 years)
    PAVMENT LAYERS THICKNESS AS PER IRC 37:2012

    623
    TOTAL PAVEMENT THICKNESS
    (mm)

    43
    BITUMINOUS CONCRETE
    (mm)

    110
    DENSE BITUMINOUS
    MECADAM (mm)

    250
    GRANULAR BASE COURSE
    (mm)

    SUB BASE COURSE 220


    (mm)
    CONCLUSIONS:
     PCU Values obtained by Satish Chandra method, were found to be
    less compared to IRC values, for major portion of vehicles.
     Because of mixed Indian Traffic Conditions the dependency between
    volume and speed were found to be varying for different categories of
    vehicles.
     For a CBR Value of 7.3576% and CSA Value of 63.827 msa (for 15th
    year), total thickness of pavement was found to be 623mm. For a CBR
    Value of 7.3576% and a CSA value of 30.76 msa (for present year),
    total thickness of pavement was found to be 611mm.
     Finally we can conclude that, difference between pavement thickness
    for present year and 15th year is around 12mm (which is less compared
    to total thickness of the pavement), so it is advisable to design for the
    15th year instead of designing for present year traffic. By doing so, the
    lifespan of the pavement can be doubled. The only constraint for the
    above case is requirement of proper maintenance of the pavement.
    THANKING YOU

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