Individual & Dual Sports

Table
Tennis
Group 1 – BSBA2A
 Content
Basic Skills in Table
01 Brief History 06
Tennis

02 Rules of the Table Tennis 07 Table Tennis Serve

03 Nature of the Game 08 Facilities and Equipments

04 The Warm-Up Activities 09 Rules of the Game

Stretching Before Each Game 10

05 Terminologies
Practice
Lesson 1
History of
the game
• Table tennis, is played on a wooden table, with a plastic ball and paddles covered in rubber and a
net dividing the playing surface.

• Table tennis is a fun game and exciting sport and easy to learn.

• The game table tennis was invented in England in the 1880's by rich Victorians looking for an
activity to be played indoors.

• Improvements were made to the equipment during the early 1990’s.

• The game continued to grow in popularity and the first tournament was held in 1902. In 1921 the
Table Tennis Association was founded in England and less than 10 years later, the first World
championships also took place there.
• In the Far Eastern countries, such as China, it is called ping pong, while in other countries similar
terms in the native language are used.

• The 1950's rolled around the other innovation were made. And finally, after being around for more
than a century, table tennis was included as an Olympic Sport in 1988.

• In the later part of 2000, the international body governing the rules of the table tennis introduced
more changes.
Lesson 2
Rules of
Table
Tennis
 Single Play
I. General Rules

1. The choice of playing position at the table and order of service are determined by the toss of a
coin. If the winner of the toss prefers to have first choice of playing positions, the opponent then
has the choice of whether to serve first or receive first, and vice versa.
2. The change of service takes place after 5 points have been scored. A point is normally awarded
when the play of a service is concluded. The receiver then becomes the server, and the server
becomes receiver, and so on, after each 5 points until the end of the game or the score is 20-all.
Whenever the score becomes 20-all, the receiver becomes the server and the server the receiver,
and so on after each point until the end of the game.
3. At the start of a new game, the player who served first in the previous game becomes receiver and
01
the receiver becomes server and so on, alternating after each game.
4. The players exchange ends after each game, and if play consists of more than one game, in the
deciding game of the match the players change ends when one player reaches a score of 10 points.
5. A game is won by the player who first scores 21 points with a 2-point margin.
6. A match consists of the best two (2) of three (3) games.

II. Service
1. A good service is delivered by projecting the ball from the free hand, which must start from above
the playing surface. The ball must be resting in the palm of the free hand. The ball is tossed into the
air.
2. As it starts to descend, the ball is struck so that it touches the server's court first and then, passing
directly over or around the net, touches the receiver's court. At the instant of contact of the racquet
on the ball in service, both handle and ball must be behind the end line of the server's court.
3. A good return of a served ball must be struck by the receiver on the first bounce so that it passes
directly over or around the net and touches directly on top of the opponent's court.
III. Points
A point is awarded to the opponent in the following circumstances:
1. Failure to make a good service, unless a “Let” is declared.
2. Failure to make a good return of a good service or a good return made by the opponent, unless
a "Let" is declared.
3. If the player, the racquet, or anything that the player wears or carries touches the net or its
supports while the ball is in play.
4. If the player, the racquet, or any wearing apparel moves the playing surface while the ball is in
play or touches the net or its supports.
5. If the player's free hand touches the playing surface while the ball is in play.
6. If, after being struck the opponent, the ball comes in contact with player or anything the player
wears or carries before it has passed over the end lines or sidelines, not yet having touched the
playing surface on the player's side of the table.
7. If at any time the player volleys the ball that is before the ball hits the tabletop -except as
provided in Rule A under "Let" (below).
IV. Let
A let ball, which is then replayed, is called in the following cases:
1. If the served ball, in passing over the net, touches it or its supports, if the service would
otherwise have been good or volleyed by the receiver.
2. If a service is delivered when the receiver is not ready.
3. If either player is prevented by an accident not under his/her control from serving a good
service or making a good return.
4. If either player gives up a point, as provided in Rules C-G under "Points", owing to an
accident not within his/her control.

V. Scoring
A point is scored by the side that makes the last successful return prior to the end of a rally. An
unsuccessful return occurs whenever the ball is missed, is hit off the table, sent into the net, or hit
onto the player's own half of the court on the return. Failure to make a good serve also scores a
point for the opponent unless it is a let.
VI. Ball in Play
The ball is in play from the moment it is projected from the hand in service until one of the
following has occurred:
1. It has touched one court twice consecutively.
2. It has, except in service, touched each court alternately without having been struck by the
racquet immediately.
3. It has been struck by either player more than once consecutively.
4. It has touched either player or anything that the player wears or carries.
5. It has touched any object other than the net and supports.
 Doubles Play
1. Good Service
The service is delivered (as described in Singles), except that it must touch first the right half
of the server's court or the centerline on the server's side of the net and then, passing directly
over or around the net, touch the right half of the receiver's court or the center line on the
receiver's side of the table.
2. Choice of Order of Play
The team winning a coin toss has the option of choosing:
• The choice of ends.
• The right to receive or serve first.
• The right to require the losing team to make the first choice.
• After choice A & B have been made, the other team makes the remaining choice.
3. Order of Service
• The first five services must be delivered by the serving partner (Player 1) of the pair who
has the right to do so. The service must be received by the receiving partner (Player 3) of the
opposing pair.
• The second five services must be delivered by the receiver of the first five services (Player
3) and received by the partner of the server (Player 2) of the first five services.
• The third five services must be delivered by the partner of the first five services (Player 2)
and received by the partner of the server (Player 4) of the first five services.
• The fourth five services must be delivered by the partner of the receiver (Player 4) of the
first five services and received by the server (Player 1) of the first five services.
• The next five services start over as in Rule A of "Order of Service“.
Lesson 3
Nature of
the Game
Table tennis is a sport where two players hit a ball back and
forth to each other, with a racket on a table, in a manner
similar to tennis. Table tennis is an Olympic sport, "ping-
pong" is the recreational version of the same sport. Spin,
speed and strategy play an important part in competitive
table tennis matches. Play is fast and demands possibly the
quickest reactions any sport. A skilled player can impart spin
to the ball which makes its bounce difficult to predict or
return with confidence. Spin combined with speed makes
table tennis an exciting sport to play as well as to watch. The
difference between Olympic level play and the average
home recreational player is tremendous. Often a proper
foundation of table tennis skills is required to understand
how competitive players can do what seems impossible to
the untrained eye.
Lesson 4
The
Warm-up
Activities
Table tennis is a fast physical sport which
requires agility, speed and quick reactions.
Therefore, it's important that you perform
warm-up and warm-down (cool-down)
exercises prior to starting a session, and at
the end of a session.
 The warm-up should be able to accomplish the following:

● Raise your core body ● Increase your resting pulse

temperature. rate by 10-30 beats per
minute.
● Include low intensity
exercises. ● Move from general to specific
muscle groups.

● Be rhythmic and continuous.

● Last approximately 10 minutes.

● Include stretching of major muscle

groups.
 Importance of Warm-Up Exercises

Help prevent injury

by raising the
temperature in Encourage muscles
muscles and to contract, faster

02 04
increasing and stronger
circulation around
joints.

Increase oxygen

01 delivery to the
muscles to enable
more vigorous
03 Improve
co-ordination

activity
 Duration of Exercises

The warm-up exercises and cool down period should last

for approximately ten minutes, with five minutes of very
light jogging and five minutes of stretching and flexibility
exercises.

You should wear an outer layer on top of your table tennis

clothing, such as a track suit or waterproof suit, in order to
keep you warm but it must not restrict your movements.
 You should start your warm-up with 2-3 minutes of light
jogging. This will increase your core body temperature and
heart rate and warm up the muscles and associated tissues.

After minutes of general jogging, you should then move on to

table tennis specific movements such as shuffle (side to side)
footwork.

After about 5 minutes of light jogging and shuffle (side to side) footwork, you then
need to do some static stretching exercises.
Lesson 5
Stretching
before each
game
practice
These exercises involve the major muscle groups used in table
tennis and you should stretch them through their full range of
movement.

● Hold each stretch for 10-20 seconds, but do not bounce.

● Repeat each stretch 2-3 times Stretch gently and slowly and
keep breathing.

● Stretch to the point of tension, never pain.

 Table Tennis Stretching Exercise
1. Inner Thigh 2. Ankle Flexes
Stretch

3. Ankle Extensions 4. Hip and Groin –

soles of feet touching
and gently pushing
down the knees
5. Hamstring - keeping 6. Trunk – bend to
the back straight, pull either side keeping
the leg towards the hips stationary
body keeping the leg
straight

7. Lower Back – kneel 8. Arms And Shoulder –

with hands flat on floor. hands together above
Lift right arm and left head, push the head
leg and extend forwards and the hands
horizontally back with the arms
straight
 9. Arms and 10. Arms and
Shoulders – Hands Shoulder – join
on wall. Push the hands over one
shoulder downwards shoulder and pull

11. Arms and 12. Arms and

Shoulder – similar to Shoulder – hands on
number (10) figure, the opposite elbow
but using a towel and push backwards
Lesson 6
Basic Skills
in Table
Tennis
I. The Basic Table Tennis Strokes

1. The Backhand Push

This shot would normally be used when

your opponent plays his shot in such a
way that, if you didn't hit the ball, it
would bounce at least twice on your side
of the table, i.e., short over the net. The
purpose of this stroke is to stop your
opponent from playing an attacking
stroke, so you should try to make sure
that your shot is also played short over
the net.
2. The Forehand Drive

This shot would normally be used when

your opponent plays his shot in such a
way that the ball approaches you with
height and/or depth. The purpose of this
stroke is to play aggressively and stop
your opponent from playing an attacking
stroke, so you should try to make sure
that your shot lands close to your
opponent's baseline or sideline.
3. The Backhand Drive

This shot would normally be used when

your opponent plays his shot in such a
way that the ball approaches you with
height and/or depth. The purpose of this
stroke is to play aggressively and stop
your opponent from playing an attacking
stroke, so you should try to make sure
that your shot lands close to your
opponent's baseline or sideline.
4. The Forehand Push

This shot would normally be used when

your opponent plays his shot in such a
way that, if you didn't hit the ball, it
would bounce at least twice on your side
of the table, i.e., short over the net. The
purpose of this stroke is to stop your
opponent from playing an attacking
stroke, so you should try to make sure
that your shot also stays short over the
net.
II. Table Tennis Footwork

It enables you to reach the ball quicker and more easily, which in turn enables
you to play a greater variety of strokes.

Table Tennis Footwork Patterns

The two main footwork patterns in table tennis are side to side, and in and out.
1. In and Out Footwork Pattern
In order to return a short service or a short return you
will need to move forward to play your stroke, and then return
to the ready position. This is the in and out footwork pattern.
So, when moving in, you need to position your right leg under
the table so that you can get as close as possible to the ball.
You then play your shot and move back out again. If you're
right-handed, your feet will need to be in the following
positions:
Your left foot moves first, in order to get closer into the
table, and then your right foot moves forward under the table.
After you have played your stroke, your right foot moves back
out and your left foot then returns to its original position.
2. Side to Side Footwork Pattern
The main footwork pattern that you'll use in a table tennis match is the side-to-side footwork
pattern. This footwork pattern is used when you are close to the table and therefore needs to be fast
and economical. When moving to the left or the right, you should always move your outside foot first.

3. Cross-over Footwork Pattern

If you need to move to a shot that's played wide to your forehand side, you can use the cross-
over footwork pattern. This is used when you do not have sufficient time to use the side-to-side
footwork pattern, because you need to cover a larger area quickly.
III. Table Tennis Skills/Techniques
A. Types of Grips

1. The Shake hand Grip

The 'shake hand' grip is achieved by literally shaking hands with the
handle of bat. The forefinger should be placed on the bottom part of the
backhand side of the blade, and the thumb should rest on the center part of
the forehand side near to the neck of the handle.
2. The Penholder Grip
Mostly used by Asian players, has the handle in an upright position
and you held it as if you were holding chopsticks. The advantage is that it is
not necessary to turn the bat round for backhand and forehand.
B. The Block
Block Pictures
1. The Backhand Block
The purpose of this stroke is to catch
your opponent out of position and
reduce the time available to them

2. The Forehand Block

This shot would normally be used
when the approaching ball is moving
very quickly, with topspin, towards
your forehand side. The purpose of
this stroke is to catch your opponent
out of position and reduce the time
available to them.
C. The Loop

The modern game of table tennis has become one that's dominated by
players who play very fast aggressive loop shots and who use an attacking /
offensive style of play.
The loop shot is used frequently by all the top players in order to play
aggressively and to minimize the opportunity for their opponent to play an
attacking stroke.

• for the backhand loop - face the line of play, and

• for the forehand loop - take a sideways stance facing the line of play
 Backhand Loop

Forehand Loop

The purpose of this stroke is to play aggressively and stop your opponent from
playing an attacking stroke.
D. Table Tennis Forehand Smash
The forehand smash in table tennis is an attacking stroke which you
can use whenever your opponent plays a shot where the ball bounces higher
than normal. The intention of the forehand smash is to hit the ball as hard as
possible, with minimal spin, in order to try and finish the rally and win the
point.

Forehand Smash Against a Lobbed Return

The critical element of playing this stroke is to make sure that you hit the
ball in a downward direction. But first, it's important to get your body into a
side-on position and slightly away from the table.
E. The Table Tennis Lob
Forehand Lob and Backhand Lob
The lob shot is a defensive stroke which is played away from the table,
usually in response to a stroke from your opponent which forces you away
from the table and/or out of position.
F. The Backspin Chop

The modern game of table tennis has become one that is dominated by
players who play very fast aggressive topspin strokes with an attacking /
offensive style of play.

• for the backhand chop - face the line of play, and

• for the forehand chop - take a sideways stance facing the line of play
Backhand Chop

Forehand Chop
Lesson 7
Table
Tennis
Serve
1. Short Backspin Serve
The short backspin serve makes it difficult for your opponent to play
an attacking stroke, so it can be an effective serve to use.
2. Backhand Sidespin Serve
The short backhand sidespin service limits your opponent's options on
which shots to play, so it increases the chances of a weak return.
3. High Toss Serve
The high toss service is one of the best table tennis techniques you can
master and is favored by many of the top players because the speed of the
ball falling onto the racket helps you to impart extra spin and speed onto
the ball.
Lesson 8
Facilities &
Equipments
1. The table
The table is 9 feet by 5 feet, with the surface 30 inches from the floor. It is
usually a dark, nonreflecting green, with a 3/4-inch white line running
along the edge. There is also a 1/4-inchline running down the middle that is
only used in doubles. The way the ball bounces when it hits the table must
meet certain standards. It should have a uniform bounce whether the ball is
hitting near the edge or in the middle. It should bounce roughly the same on
all legal tables.

2. Net
The net is 6 inches high and stretches across the middle of the table. It
should extend 6 inches one each side of the table-this is to keep players
from hitting the ball around the net, some top players can do.
3. Ball
Balls are usually white, but some are orange. They vary in price from cheap
balls that break on contact with a racket to three-star quality balls that cost
nearly a dollar each.

4. Racket
A racket consists of two parts. First, the blade itself (a racket without the
covering). Then the covering for the hitting surface. A blade is made of
wood, although a small amount of car bonfiber or similar fibrous material is
permitted.
Lesson 9
Rules of the
Game
Single Rules

1. Opponents will conduct a coin flip; the winner may choose either end. of the table
or the right to serve or receive first. If they choose an end, the other player has the
choice of serving or receiving first. Each match shall consist of the best two out of
three games with the winning player reaching 11 points first or being ahead by two
after the score reaches 10 all in each game.
2. The server changes from one player to the other every time five points are scored,
except when the score becomes tied 10-10. At this time, the serve changes and
continues to change after each point until one player scores two consecutive points,
thus winning the game.
3. The serve must be made from behind the end line. The server puts the ball into
play by tossing it into the air from the palm of one hand and striking it with the
paddle (held in the other hand) so that it hits his/her own court. The ball must go over
the net and hit the receiver's court. The receiver must return the ball over the net so
that it hits the server's court. Play continues until one player fails to make a legal
return. The opponent then scores a point.
Doubles Rules

1. Each match shall consist of the best two out of three games with the winning pair
reaching 11 points first or being ahead by two after the score reaches 10 all in each
game.
2. The pair winning a coin flip may choose either end of the table or the right to serve
or receive first. If they choose an end, the other pair has the choice of serving or
receiving first.
3. The pair having the right to serve the first five serves in any game shall decide
which partner shall do so. The opposing pair shall then decide which shall be the first
receiver.
4. Each server shall serve for two points as in singles. At the end of each two points,
the one who was receiving becomes the server, and the partner of the previous server
becomes the receiver. This sequence shall continue until the end of the game or the
score of 10 all. At 10 all, the sequence of serving and receiving shall continue
uninterrupted except that each player shall serve only one point in turn and the serve
will alternate after each point in turn and the serve will alternate after each point until
a pair is ahead by two points.
5. The server shall first make a good service, the receiver shall then make a good
return, and the partner of the server shall then make a good return. The partner of the
receiver shall then make a good return, the server shall then make a good return and
thereafter each player alternately in that sequence shall make a good return.
6. After each game the pairs shall change ends. The pair serving first in the previous
game shall become the first receivers in the next game and vice versa. Rule #3
(above) shall then be in effect.
7. Rules not covered above shall be in accordance with the Laws of the International
Table Tennis Federation as interpreted by the United States Table Tennis Association.

Legal Service
The ball must rest on an open hand palm. Then it must be tossed up at least 6 inches
and struck so the ball first bounces on the server's side and then the opponent's side.
If the serve is legal except that it touches the net, it is called a let serve. Let serves are
not scored and are reserved.
Lesson 10
Terminologies
• Backhand: A shot done with the racket to the left of the elbow for a right-hander, the reverse for a
lefthander.
• Blade: The racket usually without a covering.
• Block: A quick, off the bounce return of an aggressive drive done by just holding the racket in the ball's
path.
• Closed: Racket face aimed downward with the top edge leaning away from you.
• Crosscourt: A ball that is hit diagonally from corner to corner.
• Drop Shot: Putting the ball so short that the opponent has trouble reaching it. Done when the opponent is
away from the table.
• Forehand: Any shot done with the racket to the right of the elbow for a right-hander, to the left for a
lefthander.
• Let: A serve that hits the net a land in the proper service box. If play is interrupted for any reason during
a rally, a let is called, and the point does not count.
• Lob: A high defensive return of a smash.
• Loop: A heavy topspin shot usually considered the most important shot in the game.
• Open: If the hitting surface of the racket is aimed upwards, with the top edge leaning towards you.
• Rally: The hitting of the ball back and forth, starting with the serve and ending when a point is won.
• Serve: The first shot, done by the server. It begins with the ball being thrown up from the palm of the
hand and struck by the racket.
• Handshake grip: The most popular grip. It gives the best balance of forehand and backhand.
• Smash: A put away shot. Ball is hit with enough speed so opponent can't make a return.
• Volley: To hit the ball before it bounces on your side of the table. It results in an immediate loss of the
point.
 Group 1

Macapagal, Reycel M.

Andaya, May Ann D. Obejas, Charlene M.

Bitoon, Nicole V. Rodriguez, Hergielyn Nicole P.

Carbonel, Loren Danzel D. Torres, Jaimelyn S.

Thank You!