Occupational Safety and Health
Occupational Safety and Health
Health
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UNIT – I
Introduction-History and Development, Occupational Safety and Health Act.
Causation with Hazard Analysis, Fault Tree Analysis, Emergency Response. Decision
for Action, Purpose and Considerations, Right Decision, Wrong Remedy, Hazard
Control Measures, Hazards and their Control in Pharmaceutical, Construction,
Textiles, Petroleum Refineries and LPG Bottling, Iron and Steel industries. 12hrs
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UNIT – III
Fire prevention and Protection- Fire Development and its Severity effects.
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BOOKS for REFERENCES:
1. David L. Goetsch. "Occupational Safety and Health" for Technologists,
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Introduction to
OSHA
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Topic 1:
Why is OSHA Important to You?
4,405 workers were killed on the
job in 2015 (3.2 per 100,000 full- OSHA Makes a
time equivalent workers) Difference
•Worker deaths in
An average of nearly 12 workers die America are down–
every day on average, from
about 38 worker
797 Hispanic or Latino workers were deaths a day in
killed from work-related injuries in 1970 to 12 a day in
2013.
2013
•Worker injuries and
Nearly 3.0 million serious workplace illnesses are down–
injuries and illnesses were reported from 10.9 incidents
per 100 workers in
by private industry employers in 1972 to 3.0 per 100
2012 in 2012.
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History of OSHA
OSHA stands for the
Occupational Safety and
Health Administration, an
agency of the U.S.
Department of Labor
OSHA’s responsibility is to
improve worker safety and
health protection
On December 29, 1970, President Nixon signed
the OSH Act
This Act created OSHA, the agency, which
formally came into being on April 28, 1971
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OSHA’s Mission
The mission of OSHA is to assure safe and
healthful working conditions for working men
and women by setting and enforcing
standards and by providing training,
outreach, education and assistance.
Some of the things OSHA does to carry out its
mission are:
◦ Developing job safety and health standards and
enforcing them through worksite inspections
◦ Providing training programs to increase knowledge
about occupational safety and health
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Topic 2:
What Rights Do You Have Under OSHA?
You have the right to:
◦ A safe and healthful workplace
◦ Know about hazardous chemicals
◦ Report injury to employer
◦ Complain or request hazard correction from employer
◦ Training
◦ Hazard exposure and medical records
◦ File a complaint with OSHA
◦ Participate in an OSHA inspection
◦ Be free from retaliation for exercising safety and
health rights
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Worker Rights
Handout #1:
OSHA Poster
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Your Right to…
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Your Right to…
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Your Right to…
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Your Right to…
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Your Right to…
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Your Right to…
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Your Right to…
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Your Right to…
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Provide a workplace free from recognized hazards
and comply with OSHA standards
Provide training required by OSHA standards
Keep records of injuries and illnesses
Provide medical exams when required by OSHA
standards and provide workers access to their
exposure and medical records
Not discriminate against workers who exercise
their rights under the Act (Section 11(c))
Post OSHA citations and hazard correction notices
Provide and pay for most PPE
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Employer Responsibilities (cont.)
REPORTING AND RECORDING CHECKLIST
Employers must:
Report each worker death to OSHA
Report each work-related hospitalization,
amputation, or loss of an eye
Maintain injury & illness records
Inform workers how to report an injury or
illness to the employer
Make records available to workers
Allow OSHA access to records
Post annual summary of injuries & illnesses
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Topic 4:
What are OSHA Standards?
OSHA standards are: Four Groups of
Rules that describe the OSHA Standards
Where
Where there
there are
are no
no specific
specific standards,
standards, employers
employers must
must
comply
comply with
with the
the General
General Duty
Duty Clause
Clause of
of the
the OSH
OSH Act.
Act.
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OSHA Standards (cont.)
and equipment
Require employers to monitor certain hazards
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Most Frequently Cited OSHA Standards
OSHA’s website provides information regarding the
most frequently cited standards
Click: Frequently Cited OSHA Standards
to view current data
“Select number of employees in
establishment,” select ALL or one of
the options listed
“Federal or State Jurisdiction,” select
Federal or, from the dropdown
menu, a specific state
“NAICS(North American Industry
Classification System),” enter ALL for
all Industry groups, or enter a valid
2 to 6 digit code for a specific
Industry from the NAICS Manual
Shown are search results for: All
sizes of establishments, in Federal
jurisdiction, with a Construction
Common Most
Common Most Frequently
Frequently Cited
Cited Standards:
Standards:
NAICS code of “23”
Fall Protection;
Fall Protection; Hazard
Hazard Communication;
Communication; Scaffolding;
Scaffolding; Respiratory
Respiratory
Protection; Electrical; Powered Industrial Trucks; Ladders
Protection; Electrical; Powered Industrial Trucks; Ladders
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The OSH Act authorizes OSHA compliance
safety and health officers (CSHOs) to conduct
workplace inspections at reasonable times
OSHA conducts inspections without advance
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Different Types of OSHA Inspections
Imminent danger
Fatality or hospitalizations
Worker
complaints/referrals
Targeted inspections—
Local Emphasis Program
(LEP), National Emphasis
Program (NEP), particular
hazards or industries
Follow-up Inspections
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VIOLATION TYPE PENALTY
WILLFUL OSHA may propose penalties of up
A violation that the employer intentionally and knowingly to $70,000 for each willful violation,
commits or a violation that the employer commits with plain with a minimum penalty of $5,000 for
indifference to the law. each willful violation.
SERIOUS
There is a mandatory penalty for
A violation where there is substantial probability that death
serious violations which may be up to
or serious physical harm could result and that the employer
$7,000.
knew, or should have known, of the hazard.
OTHER-THAN-SERIOUS
OSHA may propose a penalty of up
A violation that has a direct relationship to safety and
to $7,000 for each other-than-serious
health, but probably would not cause death or serious
violation.
physical harm.
REPEATED OSHA may propose penalties of up
A violation that is the same or similar to a previous to $70,000 for each repeated
violation. violation.
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Sources within the workplace/worksite
Sources outside the workplace/worksite
How to file an OSHA complaint
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Employer or supervisor, co-workers and
union representatives
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for information on
chemicals
Labels and warning signs
Employee orientation manuals or other
training materials
Work tasks and procedures instruction
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OSHA website: http://www.osha.gov and OSHA
offices (you can call or write)
Compliance Assistance Specialists in the area
offices
National Institute for Occupational Safety and
Health (NIOSH) – OSHA’s sister agency
OSHA Training Institute Education Centers
Doctors, nurses, other health care providers
Public libraries
Other local, community-based resources
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How to Raise a Concern
Handout #7: Identifying
Safety and Health Problems
in the Workplace
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Download the OSHA complaint form from OSHA’s
website
File the complaint online
◦ Workers can file a complaint
◦ A worker representative can file a complaint
Telephone or visit local regional or area offices to
discuss your concerns
Complete the form – be specific and include
appropriate details
OSHA determines if an inspection is necessary
Workers do not have to reveal their name
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Handout #8a:
General Industry
Each group reviews the handout and
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Handout #8b:
Construction
Each group reviews the handout and
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Handout #8c:
Maritime Industry
Each group reviews the handout and
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What are some resources inside the
workplace that will help you find information
on safety and health issues?
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This lesson covered:
The importance of OSHA, including the history
file a complaint.
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Thank You!