Cry of Balintawak - PPT

CRY OF
BALINTAWAK
• Momentous events swept the Spanish colonies in the late
nineteenth century, including the Philippines.
• Journalists of the time referred to the phrase “El Grito de
Rebelion” or “Cry of Rebellion” mark the start of these
revolutionary events, identifying the places where it happened.
• In the Philippines, this happened in August 1896, northeast of
Manila, where they declared rebellion against the Spanish colonial
government.
• These events are important markers in the history of colonies that
struggled for their independence against their colonizers.
• Prominent Filipino historian Teodoro Agoncillo emphasizes the
event when Bonifacio tore the cedula or tax receipt before the
Katipuneros who also did the same.
• Some writers identified the first military event with the
Spaniards as the moment of the Cry.
• Emilio Aguinaldo commissioned an “Himno de Balintawak” to
inspire the renewed struggle after the Pact of the Biak-na-
Bato failed.
• A monument to the Heroes of 1896 was erected in what is
now the intersection of Epifanio de los Santos (EDSA)
Avenue and Andres Bonifacio Drive-North Diversion road,
and from then on until 1962, the Cry of Balintawak was
celebrated every 26th of August.
Different Dates and Places of the Cry
• A guardia civil, Lt. Olegario. Diaz, identified the Cry to have
happened in Balintawak on 25 August 1896. Teodoro Kalaw.
• Filipino historian, marks the place to be in Kangkong, Balintawak,
on the last week of August 1896.
• Santiago Alvarez, a Katipunero and son of Mariano Alvarez, leader
of the Magdiwang faction in Cavite, put the Cry in Bahay Toro in
Quezon City on 24 August 1896.
• Pio Valenzuela, known Katipunero and privy to many events
concerning the Katipunan stated that the Cry happened in Pugad
Lawin on 23 August 1896.
• Historian Gregorio Zaide identified the Cry to have
happened in Balintawak on 26 August 1896, while
Teodoro Agoncillo put it at Pugad Lawin on 23 August
1896, according to statements by Pio Valenzuela.
• Research by historians Milagros Guerrero,
Emmanuel Encarnacion, and Ramon Villegas
claimed that the event took place in Tandang Sora’s
barn in Gulod, Barangay Banlat, Quezon City, on 24
August 1896.
Primary Source: Accounts of the Cry
Guillermo Makasangay
Source: Guillermo Masangkay, Gregorio Zaide and Sonia Zaide
Documentary Sources of Philippine History, Volume 8
( Manila: National Book Store, 1990), 307-309

• On August 26th , a big meeting was held in Balintawak, at the house of
Apolonio Samson, then cabeza of that barrio of Caloocan.
• Among those of who attended, were Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto, Aguedo
del Rosario, Tomas Remigio, Briccio Pantas, Teodoro Plata, Pio
Valenzuela, Enrique Pacheco, and Francisco Carreon.
• They were all leaders of the Katipunan and composed the board of
directors of the organization. Delegates from Bulacan, Cabanatuan,
Cavite and Morong were also present.
• At about nine o’clock in the morning of August 26, the meeting was
opened with Andres Bonifacio presiding and Emilio Jacinto acting as
secretary.
• Teodoro Plata, Briccio Pantas, and Pio Valenzuela were all opposed to
starting the revolution too early.
• Andres Bonifacio, sensing that he would lose in the discussion then, left the
session hall and talked to the people, who were waiting outside for the result of the
meeting of the leaders.
• He told the people that the leaders were arguing against starting the revolution
early, and appealed to them in a fiery speech in which he said “You remember the
fate of our countrymen who were shot in Bagumbayan. Should we return now to
the town’s, the Spaniards will only shoot us . Our organization has been discovered
and we are all marked men. If we don’t start the uprising, the Spaniards will get us
anyway. What then, do you say?”
• “Revolt!” the people shouted as one.
• He told them that the sign of slavery of the Filipinos were (sic) the cedula tax
charged each citizen. “If it is true that you are ready to revolt.... I want to see you
destroy your cedulas. It will be a sign that all of us have declared our severance
from the Spaniards.
Pio Valenzuela
Source: Pio Valenzuela, “Cry of Pugad Lawin,” in Gregorio Zaide

and Sonia Zaide, Documentary Sources of Philippines History,
Volume 8
( Manila: National Book Store, 1990), 301-302.
• The first place of refuge of Andres Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto, Procopio
Bonifacio, Teodoro Plata, Aguedo del Rosario, and myself was
Balintawak, the first five arriving there on August 19, and I, on August 20,
1896.
• The first place where some 500 members of the Katipunan met on August
22, 1896, was the house and yard of Apolonio Samson at Kangkong.
• Aside from the persons mentioned above, among those who were there
were Briccio Pantas, Alejandro Santiago, Ramon Bernardo, Apolonio
Samson, and others.
• It was at Pugad Lawin, the house, store-house, and yard of Juan Ramos,
son of Melchora Aquino, where over 1,000 members of the Katipunan met
and carried out considerable debate and discussion on August 23, 1896.
• The discussion was on whether or not the revolution against the
Spanish government should be started on August 29, 1896.
• After the tumultuous meeting, many of those present btore their
cedula certificates and shouted “Long live the Philippines! Long
live the Philippines!”.
• Using primary and secondary sources, four places have been
identified: Balintawak, Kangkong, Pugad Lawin, and Bahay Toro,
while the dates vary: 23, 24, 25, or 26 August 1896.
• Valenzuela’s account should be read with caution: He once told a
Spanish investigator that the “Cry” happened in Balintawak on
Wednesday, 26 August 1896.
• He wrote in his Memoirs of the Revolution that it
happened at Pugad Lawin on 23 August 1896.
• According to Guerrero, Encarnacion, and Villegas,
all these places are in Balintawak, then part of
Caloocan, now, in Quezon City.
• Bonifacio and his troops may have been moving
from one place to another to avoid being located by
the Spanish government, which could explain why
there are several accounts of the Cry.

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CRY OF

Documentary Sources of Philippine History, Volume 8

( Manila: National Book Store, 1990), 307-309

Source: Pio Valenzuela, “Cry of Pugad Lawin,” in Gregorio Zaide

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