Basic Life Support (BLS)
Basic Life Support (BLS)
Support
(BLS)
Introduction:
• Sudden cardiac arrest ( وأحياناً «ا لسكتة ا لقلبية،ت وق اف لقلبوا لتنفس بأو )»ت وق اف لقلoccurs when the
heart develops an abnormal rhythm and can’t pump blood.
1. Chest compressions
2. Airway
3. Breathing
BLS Healthcare Provider
Adult Cardiac Arrest
Algorithm—2015 Update
Adult 1-Rescuer BLS
Sequence
Verify Scene Safety, Check
for Responsiveness, and Get
Help!
Assess for Breathing
and Pulse
• To minimize delay in starting CPR, you
may assess breathing at the same time
as you check the pulse. This should
take no more than 10 seconds.
▪ If the victim is not breathing normally or is only gasping and has no pulse,
begin CPR, starting with chest compressions.
▪ Single rescuers should use the compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30
compressions to 2 breaths when giving CPR to victims of any age.
▪ When you give chest compressions, it is important to:
Bag-Mask Device
Bag-Mask Ventilation
Technique
(1 Rescuer)
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Bag-Mask
Ventilation
Technique
(2 Rescuers+)
Adult 2-Rescuer BLS Sequence
AED pads should be placed by following the diagram on the pads. The 2 common
placements are anterolateral and anteroposterior.
Anterolateral Placement: Both pads will be placed on the victim’s bare chest.
Anteroposterior Placement: One pad will be placed on the victim’s bare chest (anterior), and
the other will be placed on the victim’s back (posterior).
• Place one AED pad on the left side of the chest, between the victim’s left side of the
breastbone and left nipple.
• Place the other pad on the left side of the victim’s back, next to the spine.
AED Pad Placement: Special Circumstances
▪ Hairy Chest
▪ Water
▪ Implanted Defibrillators and Pacemakers: Avoid placing the AED
pad directly over the implanted device
▪ Transdermal Medication Patches
Automated External Defibrillator for Infants
and Children Less Than 8 Years of Age
• Breathing: Scan the victim’s chest for rise and fall for no more than 10
seconds.
• Check Pulse:
- Infant: To perform a pulse check in an infant, palpate a brachial pulse.
- Child: To perform a pulse check in a child, palpate a carotid or femoral
pulse.
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▪ For most children, either 1 or 2 hands can be used to compress the chest.
Infant (1 Rescuer):
2-Finger Technique
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Infant: 2 Thumb–
Encircling Hands
Technique
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▪ Abdominal Thrusts:
- Use abdominal thrusts (the Heimlich maneuver) to relieve choking in a
responsive adult or child.
- Do not use abdominal thrusts to relieve choking in an infant.
- Give each individual thrust with the intention of relieving the obstruction.
- It may be necessary to repeat the thrust several times to clear the airway
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Abdominal Thrusts
With Victim Standing
or Sitting:
Abdominal thrusts with
the victim standing:
Pregnant and Obese Victims
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Choking Relief in an
Unresponsive Adult or
Child
Actions After Choking Relief:
▪ Use back slaps and chest thrusts for choking relief in an infant.
▪ Do not use abdominal thrusts.
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Choking Relief in a
Responsive Infant:
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A, Back slaps.
B, Chest thrusts
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Choking Relief in an
Unresponsive Infant
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