Textile Engineering Department: A Lecture Note ON Introduction To Wet Processing
Textile Engineering Department: A Lecture Note ON Introduction To Wet Processing
ON
INTRODUCTION TO WET PROCESSING
2004
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TEXTILE WET PROCESSING
• There is far more to go after fabric production to make the
substrates suitable for end-use and hence satisfy customer
requirements.
• The substrates lack attractiveness or aesthetics and serviceability
or adequate performance which are required for their effective
utilization.
• Attractiveness and improvement of properties are achieved through
coloration and finishing of the textile materials.
• For effective coloration and finishing smooth and uniform
application of colors and finishes must be ensured.
PRETREATMENT COLORATION FINISHING
Synthetic fibers such as polyester and nylon are contaminated with spin finish
lubricants.
Besides inherent fiber impurities textile substrates are contaminated with added
impurities which are used in facilitating the conversion process from fiber to
fabric.
These include size and lubrication oils.
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Preparatory Processes
Purpose
To remove natural and added impurities
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PREPARATION BEFORE PRETREATMENT
INSPECTION
Brushing to remove the short and loose fibers from the surface of the cloth.
Shearing is cutting of the loose strands of fibers from fabric with a sharp
edged razor or scissors.
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Except singeing and heat setting others involve wet processing.
The textile substrate is treated in a solution containing the
appropriate chemical to act on the impurity easing its removal.
Preparatory process can be carried out in fiber, yarn or fabric
form.
Different machines are used for textile preparation which
incorporate batch (discontinuous) and continuous processing.
Fibers and yarns are processed in batch/discontinuous systems.
Fabrics can be processed in batch and continuous systems either
in open width or in rope form
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• In batch processing, machines are used where the entire load of fabric
is immersed in total amount of solution needed for processing.
Example: Jigger
In continuous processing, the fabric moves continuously through stages
which provide the needed conditions for pretreatment.
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ROPE WASHER