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DR - Nesreen Farouk Lecturer of Public Health and Community Medicine
DR - Nesreen Farouk Lecturer of Public Health and Community Medicine
Nesreen Farouk
Lecturer of public health and community medicine
Levels of health care
Primary health care
• The first level of contact between the individual and the health system.
2)Affordable
The community and the country can pay for the health services
3)Acceptable
It is measured by utilization
4)Social equity:
Equitable distribution of services
5)Continuity of care:
5)Immunizations
• 6)Prevention and control of locally endemic diseases
9)Training
10)Referral system
Primary Health Care Services Include:
1)Health Promotion Services
2)Preventive Care services
3)Curative care services
1) Health Promotion Services: it include the following:
-Health education and counseling
-Food safety measures and food handlers’ care
-Supporting environmental sanitation activities
-Outreaching people in the remote areas to raise health awareness
2.Preventive Care Services:
-Screening for high risk pregnancy
-Provided by specialists
-Referral system exists between primary care and secondary care facilities
Financial hardship: lowering out of pocket costs and the risk of catastrophic
health expenditure
Key facts- global picture
• 400 million people globally lack access to one or more essential health
services.
• Every year 100 million are pushed into poverty and 150 million people
suffer financial catastrophe because of out-of-pocket expenditure on
health services.
There are many things that are not included in the scope of UHC:
UHC does not mean free coverage for all possible health
interventions, regardless of the cost, as no country can provide
all services free of charge on a sustainable basis.
UHC is not just about health financing. It encompasses all
components of the health system: health service delivery systems,
the health workforce, health facilities and communications
networks, health technologies, information systems, quality
assurance mechanisms, and governance and legislation.
What UHC is not
• Each country is unique, and each country may focus on different areas,