Traditional Grammar and Modern Linguistics represent two different approaches to the study of language. [1] Traditional Grammar developed from ancient Greek, Roman, and Arabic scholarship and focused on written language and establishing rules for correctness. [2] Modern Linguistics considers spoken language primary and aims to objectively describe language as it is used without judgments of correctness. [3] While Traditional Grammar was prescriptive, seeking to impose rules, Modern Linguistics takes a descriptive approach by observing language use and patterns without preference for how language should be used.
Traditional Grammar and Modern Linguistics represent two different approaches to the study of language. [1] Traditional Grammar developed from ancient Greek, Roman, and Arabic scholarship and focused on written language and establishing rules for correctness. [2] Modern Linguistics considers spoken language primary and aims to objectively describe language as it is used without judgments of correctness. [3] While Traditional Grammar was prescriptive, seeking to impose rules, Modern Linguistics takes a descriptive approach by observing language use and patterns without preference for how language should be used.
Traditional Grammar and Modern Linguistics represent two different approaches to the study of language. [1] Traditional Grammar developed from ancient Greek, Roman, and Arabic scholarship and focused on written language and establishing rules for correctness. [2] Modern Linguistics considers spoken language primary and aims to objectively describe language as it is used without judgments of correctness. [3] While Traditional Grammar was prescriptive, seeking to impose rules, Modern Linguistics takes a descriptive approach by observing language use and patterns without preference for how language should be used.
Traditional Grammar and Modern Linguistics represent two different approaches to the study of language. [1] Traditional Grammar developed from ancient Greek, Roman, and Arabic scholarship and focused on written language and establishing rules for correctness. [2] Modern Linguistics considers spoken language primary and aims to objectively describe language as it is used without judgments of correctness. [3] While Traditional Grammar was prescriptive, seeking to impose rules, Modern Linguistics takes a descriptive approach by observing language use and patterns without preference for how language should be used.
Traditional Grammar and Modern Linguistics Traditional Grammar and Modern Linguistics are two schools of linguistics that reflect the scientific aspect and non-scientificity of language. Traditional Grammar developed as a result of Greek, Roman and Arabo-Islamic scholarship, and continued through the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, and into modern times. Traditional Grammar studied language in relation to disciplines like logic, philosophy, literary criticism, religion, history and language teaching and not as a complex and a highly-organized system . Traditional Grammar considered written language more basic than spoken one to preserve it from corruption.
For Traditional grammariens, spoken
language is subject to change because it always brings about corrupt forms. Traditional Grammar Traditional Grammar emphasizes more on grammar than any other aspect of language. the speech forms are totally ignored only because they are very different from the written data. For example: The different pronunciations of the plural marker - s are totally neglected. The rule doesn't hold for the spoken language where the 's' is pronounced as [s] as in "cats", [z] as in "bags", and [iz] as in "cases" depending on the nature of the sound which precedes it. Modern Linguistics Modern Linguistics considers spoken language as basic. It deals with all facets of language : pronunciation, word-formation, sentence formation and meaning. Traditional Grammar treats only pronunciation patterns of language ; stress and rhythm. Prescriptivism VS Descriptivism
Traditional • It formulates rules about
Grammar is how people should speak prescriptive and write
Modern • It accounts for how people
speak and write language and Linguistics is tries to discover, describe and descriptive record these rules. Presriptivisism Presriptivisism consists basically of stating what is considered right or wrong in language. For instance, traditional grammarians impose rules such as : Never split the infinitive verb form : ‘bad’ : We tried to consciously stop worrying about him. ‘good’: We tried to stop consciously worrying about him. You mustn’t end a sentence with a preposition Traditional teachers would correct sentences like : `bad': Where did you just come from? Who did you go with? ‘good': From where did you just come? With whom did you go ? Do not use double negation `good': I don't know anything. `bad': I don't know nothing. Descriptivism Modern Linguistics is descriptive; it describes language as it is, rather than say how it should be. Modern Linguistics does not make statements about how people ought to use a language; it tries to make statements which are testable . We must recognize that despite some misconceptions Traditional Grammar had about language, it has largely contributed to the development of modern linguistics: many concepts such as verb, noun, sentence, syllable, letter and stem come from Traditional Grammar. Prescriptive studies of language can be useful. When we standardize a particular language rather than another, we preserve national unity or consolidate literary standard. Modern linguistics holds that language fulfils many functions, of which literary function is only one. Modern linguistics is certainly more objective and empirical than Traditional Grammar in its principles, attitudes and views. It's more based on observation and inductive generalization. The data are taken from everyday use and experience.
It's free from misconceptions and prejudices
about particular languages. . Modern linguistics makes use of specific terminology, most of which originates from the Traditional Grammar terms. Specific notational conventions are introduced by modern linguistics to clarify the detailed features of a language; namely : -The square brackets [ ] for phonetic represntation. The obliques / /to distinguish the phonological form. The curly brackets { } for parts of the words or morphemes . The parenthesis ( ) to refer to optionality. Prescriptivism VS Descriptivism PRESCRIPTIVSM
Traditional Grammar
Origin traced to 15th century
Written language
Grammar and pronunciation patterns (stress and rhythm)
Correctness of language
No use of notational conventions
Exercises Suggested Questions. 1. Which School of linguistics doesn't consider as correct the following sentence and why? Who is the man you are talking to? 2. What are the advantages of Traditional Grammar? 3. How does descriptivism differ from prescriptisism? Thank you for your attention