Intro

BASIC
OCCUPATIONAL
SAFETY &
HEALTH
INTRODUCTION TO OSH
What is Safety?
- The state of being “SAFE”
- The condition of being protected from harm
- Control of recognized hazards
INTRODUCTION TO OSH
What is Occupational Safety?

A cross-boundary area concerned with protecting the safety, health
and welfare of people engaged in work (employees)
As secondary effect, may also protect co-workers, family members,
employers, customers, suppliers, nearby communities, and other
members of public who co exist with the workplace environment.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH (OSH)
OSH stands for the

protection of workers
Occupational Safety
It calls for the from risks and
and Health (OSH) is
prevention of any hazards that could
the promotion and
impairment in the adversely affect their
maintenance of the
health and well-being health and well-being
highest degree of
of workers caused by and for their
physical, mental and
their working placement in an
social well-being of
conditions or work occupational
workers in all
environment; environment adapted
occupations;
to his/her
physiological ability.
IMPORTANCE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY
AND HEALTH
It seeks to secure the health, safety and welfare of all persons at work
and other persons who may be at risk as a result of activities at work.
It provides that employers maintain its working environment reasonably
and practicably safe, they ensure safe methods of handling, storing and
transporting materials/equipment and also provide adequate training and
supervision in those methods.
It provides that employees are also required by law to cooperate in
meeting statutory requirements and must not interfere with or misuse
materials provided to secure health, safety and welfare
OCCUPATIONAL
SAFETY AND • The prevention of any incidents and or accidents that
may result to death, injury, damage to property and ill
HEALTH health to those at work and those affected by work
MISSION activities.
WITHOUT SAFETY. . . . .
ACCIDENT
Interrupts or disrupts the normal and orderly progress of any activity
and may result in injury (minor, serious or fatal) to people and/or
damage or destruction of property that result to losses.
ACCIDENT IN THE WORKPLACE
An occurrence or event that is:

 unplanned  property damage
 unexpected  personal injury
 unforeseen  loss or death
 unwanted  work stoppage

Incident or Near Miss
Is an unplanned or unexpected occurrence

or event that does not results in personal
injury and property damage
Common Reasons for Accident in
Layman’s version:
• ‘Oras na niya’
• ‘Malas niya lang’
• ‘Tanga kasi’
• ‘Kasama sa trabaho’
These are not real causes - - -

only EXCUSES!
UNSAFE ACT
• A human action that departs from a standard or written job

procedure or common practice, safety rules, regulations, or
instructions.
• A violation of a commonly-accepted safe procedures and or

processes.
Unsafe Condition
• Are hazards that have the potential to cause

injury or death to a person, damage or destruction
to property and other losses;
Examples of Unsafe Acts
• Operating Equipment without authority
• Disregard of SOP or instructions
• Removing Safety Devices
• Using Defective equipment
• Improper/Non-use of PPEs
• Horseplay / practical jokes
• Willful intent to injure
• Working while under the influence of alcohol or drugs
Factors Contributing to Unsafe Acts
• Improper Attitude
• Physical Limitations
• Lack of Knowledge or Skills
Examples of Unsafe Condition
 Inadequate guards/ protection
 Slippery floor
 Damaged and exposed electrical wirings
 Inadequate illumination / ventilation
 Overloaded cable extensions
 Congestion
 Excessive noise
 Temperature (hot or cold)
 Inadequate warning systems
 Fire and explosion hazards
Can accidents be
prevented?
GENERALLY… YES
• 98% - preventable
• 2% - non-preventable
• 88% - unsafe / unhealthy

ACTS
• 10% - unsafe/unhealthy
CONDITIONS
AN EFFECTIVE ACCIDENT
PREVENTION PROCESS
Management commitment
Get involved and lead by example
Promote accident prevention tools and objectives with your co-workers
Clearly communicate responsibilities with others
Always follow job methods and safety instructions
Individual empowerment
HAZARDS
DEFINITION OF SAFETY HAZARDS
AND HEALTH HAZARDS
• There are many definitions for hazard but the most

common definition when talking about workplace health
and safety is:
• Hazard is any source of potential damage, harm or adverse health
effects on something or someone. ...
• Hazard - a potential source of HARM
HAZARDS
Any existing or potential condition in the workplace that, by

itself or interacting with other variables, can result in death,
injuries, property damage and other losses.
Hazards are grouped into two broad categories, namely:
a) Those dealing with safety and injuries.

b) Those dealing with health and illnesses.
HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT AND
CONTROL
HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
• TYPES OF HAZARDS :
• Physical hazards (noise, illumination, ventilation)
• Chemical hazards (gases, fumes, vapors, mists)
• Biological hazards (virus, germs, bacteria)
• Ergonomic hazards (prolonged standing)
Definition:
The systematic use of all available information to identify
hazards in order to analyze and evaluate their overall
effect on people, property and the environment.
Benefits:
• Identifies hazardous conditions and potential accidents;

• Provides information with which effective control measures
can be established;
• Determines level of knowledge and skill as well as physical
requirements workers need to execute specific tasks;
• Discovers and eliminates unsafe procedures, techniques,
motions, positions and actions.
Safety Hazards
• Fall from height (nahulog/nahulugan)
Safety Hazards
• Struck against (man/machine in motion)
Safety Hazards
• Fall on the same level (nadulas / nadapa)
Safety Hazards
• Caught in (in running / naipit)
HEALTH HAZARDS
PHYSICAL AGENTS
noise, vibration, radiation,
defective illumination,
temperature extremes
CHEMICAL AGENTS
dusts, gases, vapors,
fumes, mists, etc.
LACK OF ERGONOMIC PRINCIPLES

BIOLOGICAL AGENTS exhaustive physical exertions, excessive
viruses, bacteria, fungi, standing, improper motions, lifting heavy
parasites load, job monotony, etc.
Health Hazards
Garbage disposal
Overcrowding
Health Hazards
Chemical and other Substances
Health Hazards
Noise at machine room
PROCESSES FOR AN EFFECTIVE HAZARD
CONTROL PROGRAM
• Hazard identification and evaluation
• Ranking hazard by risk
• Management decision making
• Establishing preventive and corrective measures
• Monitoring
• Evaluating program effectiveness

“IT TAKES LESSER TIME
TO DO THINGS RIGHT
THAN TO EXPLAIN
WHY THINGS GO
WRONG.”
ACTIVITY
GROUP PROJECT
CHOOSE A TOPIC:
• FIRE SAFETY AND THE FIRE CODE

• ELECTRICAL SAFETY
• ERGONOMICS
• INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE
• CONFINED SPACE ENTRY

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BASIC

What is Occupational Safety?

OSH stands for the

An occurrence or event that is:

 unwanted  work stoppage

Is an unplanned or unexpected occurrence

These are not real causes - - -

• A human action that departs from a standard or written job

• A violation of a commonly-accepted safe procedures and or

• Are hazards that have the potential to cause

• 88% - unsafe / unhealthy

Get involved and lead by example

Promote accident prevention tools and objectives with your co-workers

Clearly communicate responsibilities with others

Always follow job methods and safety instructions

• There are many definitions for hazard but the most

Any existing or potential condition in the workplace that, by

Hazards are grouped into two broad categories, namely:

a) Those dealing with safety and injuries.

• Identifies hazardous conditions and potential accidents;

LACK OF ERGONOMIC PRINCIPLES

• Hazard identification and evaluation

• Ranking hazard by risk

• Management decision making

• Establishing preventive and corrective measures

• Evaluating program effectiveness

• FIRE SAFETY AND THE FIRE CODE

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