This document provides information about a presentation on the Earth system and subsystems. It contains disclaimers stating the content is for informational purposes only and credits images from open sources. It also lists learning objectives about the uniqueness of Earth and its four subsystems of geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere.
This document provides information about a presentation on the Earth system and subsystems. It contains disclaimers stating the content is for informational purposes only and credits images from open sources. It also lists learning objectives about the uniqueness of Earth and its four subsystems of geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere.
This document provides information about a presentation on the Earth system and subsystems. It contains disclaimers stating the content is for informational purposes only and credits images from open sources. It also lists learning objectives about the uniqueness of Earth and its four subsystems of geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere.
This presentation, including examples, images, and
references are provided for informational purposes only.
Credits shall be given to the images taken from open
sources & will not be used for promotional activities of Emilio Aguinaldo College. Learning Objectives • Recognize the uniqueness of Earth, being the only planet in the solar system with properties necessary to support life.
• Explain that the Earth consists of four subsystems, across whose
boundaries matter and energy flow. Earth System and Subsystems Earth: A Unique Planet Scientists have calculated that Earth is 4.54 billion years old. (Redd, 2019) Earth was formed from dust particles that combined through accretion. Motions of Earth
Earth’s motion is evidenced by the daily
rotation and the yearly revolution. The motion of the earth, the other planets, and the sun, happen simultaneously.
Earth’s rotation is the amount of time that
takes around once on its axis. Earth’s axis of rotation is titled at an angle of 23.5 degrees relative to our orbital plane. (Conners, 2019) This caused seasons on Earth. Two Different Kinds of Rotation
Sidereal Day is the amount it takes for
Earth to turn on its axis. (23 hours 56 minutes and 4.1 seconds)
Solar Day is the amount of time it takes for
the sun to return to the same spot.(24 hours) Earth is a closed system. Closed System
The amount of matter within a closed
system is fixed.
Does not allow the transfer of matter but
allows the transfer of energy. Earth’s distance from the sun is a habitable zone. Currently, Earth is the only known planet to have consistent, stable bodies of liquid water on its surface. (NOAA, 2020) Theories on the Origin of the Earth’s Water
Earth’s water was released through
volcanisms. Earth’s water originated from comets and asteroids which bombarded the early earth. Earth is still the only known planet to support life. (Moskowitz, 2008) Earth’s Subsystems Geosphere Geosphere
Skeleton of the planet
Includes all the rocks, minerals, and
landforms on earth Layers of the Earth Hydrosphere Hydrosphere
The totality of Earth’s water,
including the permanently frozen parts called cryosphere The cryosphere includes the polar ice caps, glaciers, and permafrost. Hydrosphere
Approximately 71 percent of Earth’s
surface is covered with water. (National Geographic, 2020) Only three percent of water on the earth’s surface is fresh water, the remaining 97 percent is salt water. Atmosphere Atmosphere
Layers of gases surrounding our
planet
Earth’s security blanket
Composition of Air 78% Nitrogen
21% Oxygen
0.93% Argon
0.04% Carbon dioxide
Trace amounts of neon, helium, methane,
krypton, hydrogen, and water vapor Layers of the Atmosphere Biosphere The biosphere includes all the life forms on earth. These four subsystems are open systems. Matter and energy can freely transfer among them. Changes with one subsystem eventually causes changes in others. Terraforming Mars The Rusty World of Mars The second smallest planet in the solar system is Mars. (Cain, 2008) The atmosphere of Mars is about 100 times thinner than Earth’s, and it is 95% carbon dioxide. (Sharp, 2018) Mars is very cold. The average temperature on Mars is minus 80 degrees Fahrenheit, way below freezing point. (NASA, 2020) Water still exist today in Mars, but mostly as polar ice caps. Elon Musk, founder and CEO of SpaceX, is building a massive vehicle called Starship in part to send humans to Mars. (Greshko, 2020)