Educational Planning by Joanna Rose D. Javillonar and Warmie R. Tabuso

Educational Planning: Meaning, Nature
and Importance
Presented by:
Joanna Rose D. Javillonar
Warmie R. Tabuso
MEANING of EDUCATIONAL PLANNING
®Adesina (1990) defines planning as a “way of projecting our intentions, that is, a method of
deciding what we want to accomplish.”
®Ejiogu (1990) holds that “to plan, means to project, forecast, design or make or chart a course.”
®From these views, it can be summarized that planning refers to the act of deciding in advance
what is to be done, how and when to do it, where and who is to do it in order to achieve the
goals or objectives of the system”
 A PLAN is a detailed scheme, programme or method worked out before hand for the purpose
of achieving a set of objective. There are three basic elements in a plan, it deals with the future
involves action and identifies who is to implement the future action.
EDUCATIONAL PLANNING
® Educational Planning can be defined as “the process of setting out in
advance, strategies, policies, procedures, programmes and standards
through which an educational objective (or set of objectives) can be
achieved.”
® Educational Planning is a detailed and systematic process: It does not
happen by chance.
® It is goal-oriented: It is directed at achieving a set of educational
objectives.
 Educational planning, in its broadest generic sense, is the application
of rational, systematic analysis to the process of educational development
with the aim of making education more effective and efficient in
responding to the needs and goals of its students and society.
NATURE of EDUCATIONAL PLANNING
Educational Planning is the activity that allows the public authorities to

orient educational development and identify priority interventions.
After going through a major crisis of confidence in the 1980s, educational
planning has undergone major transformation: it has become more
participatory, more flexible, less technocratic and more diverse.
It has gone beyond what its main focus was for a long time--planning
infrastructures, increasing access, and increased efficiency-to become more
strategic and addressing a variety of key issues of the educational system,
such as quality, inequality, and factors influencing demand for schooling.
The following viewpoints have been utilized by the experts to
understand and explain the meaning and nature of planning:
1. Educational planning is describing or defining or determining

events, conditions and needs of some future point in time.
By anticipating what might be, the level of uncertainty is reduced. It
implies forecasting or projections of important factors in education
such as number and types of students and expansion of facilities
needed for them.
2.Viewpoints on educational planning, stresses that it should also call

for interpretation of future's data and its translation into
competencies or operational capabilities demanded to maintain
effectiveness under the conditions anticipated.
3.Educational planning is also perceived as a means of generating
relevant present or future goals .
4.Another view point on educational planning considers it as the

preparation phase or a precursor in the decision making process.
5. Educational planning is also perceived as operations optimization or

performance improvement. Educational planning, in this sense, is to
guide the actions of the operations. It must result into standard
operating procedures, operations manuals, administrative guidelines
or system policies.
6.Educational planning is also considered a kind of contingency
anticipation or problem-prevention. In this sense, it means that
educational planning should minimize the magnitude of an
educational problem likely to be encountered at some future point in
time. It also implies, in this sense, that educational planning should
spell out the procedures to be followed if some crisis or contingencies
arise, for example, planning for maintaining quality of teaching in case
the teachers go on strike.
7.Educational planning may be seen as the management of change or

as a part of organizational renewal. In this sense, educational planning
provides a mechanism, model or a tool for achieving specific
objectives of an organization.
8. A particular of view considers educational planning as complexity
resolution, a process for coordination and control. This is very much
needed in large complex projects. These complex projects demand a
predetermined strategy for the realization of their goals. Educational
planning is, in this sense, interpreted as a means of coping with
complexity or coordination or facets of such projects.
IMPORTANCE of EDUCATIONAL PLANNING
1) It ensures success of the institution. It takes into consideration the important issues,
conditions, constraints and factors in education. Its focus is on future objectives, vision
and goals. It is proactive in nature, in that, it emphasizes perception and ability to
apply theory and profit from it in advance of action.
It clarifies goals and the means to achieve those goals. Thus it eliminates trial-and-
error process, reduces chances of failure and ensures success. In other words, it
provides intelligent direction to activity,
(2) The scarcity of financial and other non-material resources poses a challenge to

education. Planning is a response to such challenges and explores the possibilities of
alternative uses and optimum utilization of limited resources,
IMPORTANCE of EDUCATIONAL PLANNING
(3) Effective and efficient planning saves time, effort and money,

(4) It is a coordinated means of attaining pre-determined purposes,

(5) Education is a public service demanded by the public and supplied by the government.
For any government effort of such a large magnitude as education, planning is absolutely
necessary, and
(6) Educational planning is one of the components of the overall national socio-economic

development. The over-all planning has to provide the objectives of education and the
finances for educational development for accomplishing these objectives.
SYMBOLS that BEST REPRESENT our THOUGHTS and
UNDERSTANDING about EDUCATIONAL PLANNING
Bows and Arrows
SYMBOLS that BEST REPRESENT our THOUGHTS and UNDERSTANDING
about EDUCATIONAL PLANNING
Bows and Arrows symbolize strength and
power. They also represent force and movement. In
addition, bows and arrows represent direction,
ambition, speed and a desire for progress.
Educational planning can be compared to bows

and arrows, since they are both used in identifying
targets, goals and objectives.
They are moving towards a direction to hit specific
aims, targets, goals and intents.
SYMBOLS that BEST REPRESENT our THOUGHTS and
UNDERSTANDING about EDUCATIONAL PLANNING
Archers need strength, balance, coordination and
most importantly, they need focus and concentration for
them to hit their targets.
Same goes to educational planners.

They also need to concentrate in order for them to obtain
improvements and achieve developments in the
educational sector.
In addition, educational planner must have focus
especially in establishing goals relative to students’
achievement as well as curriculum, instruction and
assessment practices in the school, and in keeping them
prominent in the day-to-day engagement in the academic
circle.
Thank you so much! 

Educational Planning by Joanna Rose D. Javillonar and Warmie R. Tabuso

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Educational Planning: Meaning, Nature

Educational Planning is the activity that allows the public authorities to

1. Educational planning is describing or defining or determining

2.Viewpoints on educational planning, stresses that it should also call

4.Another view point on educational planning considers it as the

5. Educational planning is also perceived as operations optimization or

7.Educational planning may be seen as the management of change or

(2) The scarcity of financial and other non-material resources poses a challenge to

(6) Educational planning is one of the components of the overall national socio-economic

Educational planning can be compared to bows

Same goes to educational planners.

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