Oral Com (Lesson 3)

ACTIVITY 1
Speech Context
Context when referring to speech communication is the

surroundings, circumstances, environment, background or
setting that determine, specify, or
clarify the meaning of an event.
(LumenLearning.com/Elements of Communication).
 According to DeVito (2005), “Context refers
to the setting in which the communication
takes place. Context helps to establish
meaning and can influence what is said and
how it is said.”
 Speech Context is important because it helps you
communicate appropriately, understand the
meaning of any message conveyed, and respond
accordingly.
Types of Speech Context
Intrapersonal
 This refers to a type of communication that is
focused on one person, where the speaker acts both
as the sender and as the receiver of the message.
The message is made up of thoughts and feelings
while the medium is the brain that processes what
you think and feel. (Hybels & Weaver, 2012, p 16)
Interpersonal
 This refers to the type of communication that takes

place between and among people and creates a
personal relationship between and among them.
Normally, it includes two individuals, and it can
vary from casual and very personal to formal and
impersonal.
Types of Interpersonal
Communication
Dyad Communication
 communication that happens between two people.
Small Group
 This applies to interactions involving at least three

but not more than twelve people engaged in face-
to-face interactions to achieve the desired goal. In
this type of conversation, all participants can freely
express their ideas throughout the discussion.
 Examples:
• You are having a discussion with your two brothers about
the surprise party you are planning for your Mom’s birthday.
• Kathlyn who came back from the United States called her
three brothers and four sisters and announced that she is
getting married.
PUBLIC
This type refers to a communication that enables you to send

or deliver a message before a crowd. The message can be
transmitted for informative or persuasive purposes. "In
public communication, unlike interpersonal and small
groups, the channels are more exaggerated. The voice is
louder and the gestures are more expansive because the
audience is larger” (Hybels & Weaver, 2012, p 19).
Mass Communication
 This refers to communication through television,

radio, newspapers, magazines, books, billboards,
the internet, and other types of media.
Verbal and Non-verbal Behavior in a
Speech Context
 Different speech context whether it is intrapersonal,
interpersonal, public or mass communication requires
different approaches. Though there might be some
occasional similarities, you should at least know how to
behave and respond to various speech contexts
appropriately.
When talking to your self
 You might be familiar with the feeling of quietly talking to

yourself in your mind, and it's normal — and good for you.
By performing this, it makes you think and reflect on the
things you have done or are planning to do. But here are
some important reminders that you need to keep in mind:
Use self-talk to your advantage
 Cheering yourself up before an important

event or talking to yourself while completing
a task are two perfect opportunities for self-
talk (Gould, 2018, Talking to yourself is
normal, n.d.).
Don’t overdo it
 While it is normal to talk to yourself constantly, it is better not to
overuse yourself of doing so. The most common reason why people
end up talking to themselves is because they feel like they do not
have someone else to talk to. To address this, you need to be more
sociable, it would give you more people to talk to other than yourself.
When talking to one person or a small group
of people
 Consoling your friend who is feeling down, or simply talking with
your classmates about your plans for a group activity is an example
of a dyad and small group communication. This kind of
communication implies that the conversation is being shared and
there is exchange of ideas. Small group involves different skills
because unlike dyad, it consists of more than two people. In both
cases, you can be as natural as yourself, however, unlike a running
conversation in your head, you have to consider that there are others
who are equally important in the conversation. Thus, to achieve
successful communication in a dyad or small group, you have to
consider the following;
Toxic Positivity
 Toxic positivity is an obsession with positive
thinking. It is the belief that people should put a
positive spin on all experiences, even those that are
profoundly tragic. Toxic positivity can silence
negative emotions, demean grief, and make people
feel under pressure to pretend to be happy even
when they are struggling.
Listen carefully
 Needless to say, this is the very basic foundation of
effective communication. You have to listen
carefully and understand what the other person is
saying. Asking clarifying questions lets the other
person know that you are indeed listening
attentively. More so, take active part. You also
need to be heard and understood when it is your
time to speak.
Check your tone and body language
 The vocabulary of the body is more revealing than the
actual words you speak. So, watch your tone and body
language while you are talking. Is your tone tough? Do
you smile and encourage the person you are talking to?
Your body language tells more about your emotions and
thoughts than your actual words. Bear this in mind the
next time you have a conversation with someone. Check
your body language to ensure that it is consistent with
your words
When talking to the public
 When talking to the public speaking in front of the crowd
requires many preparations; from analyzing your target
audience, to planning and drafting your speech up to the
rehearsing part. The key therefore is to come prepared. Be
yourself while you are on stage and speak in the way that
you will be easily understood by your audience. You will
know more about this in the succeeding modules about the
Principles of Speech Delivery”.

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ACTIVITY 1

Context when referring to speech communication is the

 This refers to the type of communication that takes

 This applies to interactions involving at least three

This type refers to a communication that enables you to send

 This refers to communication through television,

 You might be familiar with the feeling of quietly talking to

 Cheering yourself up before an important

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