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  • E Business & E Commerce (Modul 14)

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    E-commerce involves buying and selling goods and services online. It occurs between consumers, businesses, and government. B2B e-commerce lowers costs and improves accuracy by streamlining processes between businesses and their partners. Various technologies like electronic payments, mobile commerce, and web marketing support e-commerce activities.

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    E-commerce involves buying and selling goods and services online. It occurs between consumers, businesses, and government. B2B e-commerce lowers costs and improves accuracy by streamlining processes between businesses and their partners. Various technologies like electronic payments, mobile commerce, and web marketing support e-commerce activities.

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    35 views36 pages

    E Business & E Commerce (Modul 14)

    Uploaded by

    z god luck
    E-commerce involves buying and selling goods and services online. It occurs between consumers, businesses, and government. B2B e-commerce lowers costs and improves accuracy by streamlining processes between businesses and their partners. Various technologies like electronic payments, mobile commerce, and web marketing support e-commerce activities.

    Copyright:

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    of 36

    E-BUSINES &

    E-
    COMMERCE
    CONTENTS OF THIS TEMPLATE

    • E- Business : Aktivitas yang dilakukan perusahaan


    untuk menjual dan membeli produk dan layanan
    menggunakan komputer dan teknologi komunikasi
    • E- Commerce : Membeli dan menjual barang dan jasa
    melalui Internet Dibangun di atas perdagangan
    tradisional dengan menambahkan fleksibilitas yang
    ditawarkan jaringan dan ketersediaan Internet
    E-Commerce: Business Applications

    • Buying and selling products and services


    • Collaborating with other companies
    • Communicating with business partners
    • Gathering business intelligence on customers
    and competitors
    • Providing customer service
    Value Chain and E-Commerce
    • Value chain

    • Series of activities designed to meet business needs by adding value or cost


    in each phase of the process
    • Primary activities
    • Inbound logistics
    • Operations
    • Outbound logistics
    • Marketing and sales
    • Service
    Michael Porter’s Value Chain
    Value Chain and E-Commerce
    ● Internet
    • Increases the speed and accuracy of communication between suppliers,
    distributors, and customers

    • Low cost means companies of any size can participate in value chain
    integration
    ● E-commerce enhances a value chain
    ○ Offers new ways to reduce costs or improve operations
    E-Commerce vs. Traditional Commerce

    • Click-and-brick e-commerce: Mixes traditional commerce


    and e-commerce

    • Capitalizes on the advantages of online interaction with


    customers

    - Retains the benefits of having a physical store location


    E-Commerce Vs. Traditional Commerce
    Advantages of E-Commerce
    • Meningkatkan hubungan dengan pemasok, pelanggan, mitra
    bisnis
    • Menciptakan transparansi harga
    • Beroperasi sepanjang waktu dan dunia
    • Mengumpulkan lebih banyak informasi tentang calon
    pelanggan
    • Meningkatkan keterlibatan pelanggan Meningkatkan layanan
    pelanggan
    Advantages of E-Commerce
    • Meningkatkan: Fleksibilitas dan kemudahan berbelanja

    • Jumlah pelanggan

    • Peluang untuk berkolaborasi dengan mitra bisnis

    • Pengembalian investasi karena kebutuhan persediaan


    berkurang
    • Menawarkan layanan yang dipersonalisasi dan kustomisasi
    produk
    • Mengurangi biaya administrasi dan transaksi
    Disadvantages of E-Commerce

    • Bandwidth capacity problems


    • Security and privacy issues
    • Accessibility
    • Acceptance
    E-Commerce Business Models

    Perusahaan e-Commerce memfokuskan operasi


    mereka di berbagai bagian rantai nilai untuk mencapai
    profitabilitas
    E-Commerce Business Models
    • Merchant
    • Transfers the old retail model to the e-commerce world by using the
    medium of the Internet
    • Brokerage
    • Brings sellers and buyers together on the Web and collects commissions
    on transactions between these parties
    • Advertising
    • Extension of traditional advertising media
    • Directories such as Yahoo! provide content to users for free
    Business Models Used in E-Commerce

    • Mixed
    • Generating revenue from more than one source
    • Informediary
    • Sites collect information on consumers and businesses and then sell this
    information to other companies for marketing purpose
    • Subscription
    • E-commerce sites sell digital products or services to customers
    Major Categories Of E-Commerce
    • Business-to-consumer e-commerce (B2C)
    • Companies sell directly to consumers
    • Supplements traditional commerce with e-commerce
    • Business-to-business e-commerce (B2B)
    • Involves electronic transactions between businesses
    • Uses electronic data interchange (EDI) and electronic funds transfer (EFT)
    • Consumer-to-consumer e-commerce (C2C)
    • Involves business transactions between users
    • Reflected by people using online classified ads or online auction sites
    • Consumer-to-business (C2B)
    • Involves people selling products or services to businesses
    E-Government
    • Applications
    • Government-to-citizen (G2C)
    • Government-to-business (G2B)
    • Government-to-government (G2G)
    • Government-to-employee (G2E)
    • Services
    • Tax filing
    • Online voter registration
    • Disaster assistance
    • E-training for government employee
    Major Categories Of E-Commerce

    ● Nonbusiness organizations
    o Universities
    oNonprofits
    oPolitical and social
    Organizational E-Commerce

    • Melibatkan aktivitas e-niaga yang berlangsung di dalam


    organisasi melalui intranet organisasi
    • Termasuk Pertukaran barang, jasa, atau informasi antar
    karyawan Melakukan program pelatihan dan menawarkan
    layanan sumber daya manusia
    Major Activities in B2C E-Commerce
    B2B E-Commerce: A Second Look

    • Technologies used
    • Intranets
    • Extranets
    • Virtual private networks
    • Electronic data interchange (EDI)
    • Electronic funds transfer (EFT)
    • Reduces delivery time, inventory requirements, and prices
    • Helps business partners share relevant, accurate, and timely
    information
    B2B E-Commerce: A Second Look

    • Lowers production costs and improves accuracy


    • Creates invoices and tracking payments manually
    • Improves information flow among business partners
    • Creates a direct online connection in the supply chain
    network
    Major Models of B2B E-Commerce
    • Models based on who controls the marketplace
    • Seller-side

    • Buyer-side

    • Third-party exchange
    • Fourth marketplace model
    • Trading partner agreements facilitates contracts and negotiations
    among business partners
    Seller-Side Marketplace
    • Sellers who cater to specialized markets come together to create a
    common marketplace for buyers
    • E-procurement
    • Enables employees in an organization to order and receive supplies
    and services directly from suppliers

    • Prevents purchases from suppliers that are not on the approved list
    of sellers

    • Eliminates the processing costs of purchases


    Buyer-Side Marketplace

    • Buyer, or a group of buyers, opens an electronic marketplace


    and invites sellers to bid
    • Helps the buyers:

    • Manage the procurement process more efficiently

    • Lower administrative costs

    • Implement uniform pricing


    • Involves the goal of establishing new sales channels
    Third-Party Exchange Marketplace
    • Marketplace generates revenue from the fees charged for
    matching buyers and sellers
    • Vertical market: Concentrates on a specific industry or
    market
    • Horizontal market: Concentrates on a specific function or
    business process and automates this function or process for
    different industries
    • Offers suppliers a direct channel of communication to buyers
    Trading Partner Agreements

    • Otomatiskan proses negosiasi dan berlakukan kontrak antara


    bisnis yang berpartisipasi
    • Memungkinkan mitra bisnis untuk mengirim dan menerima
    tawaran, kontrak, dan informasi yang dibutuhkan
    • Memungkinkan pelanggan untuk mengirimkan dokumen
    melalui Internet
    Mobile Commerce
    • Using handheld devices to conduct business transactions
    • Based on the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)
    • Technologies supported

    • Wireless wide-area networks and 3G networks

    • Short-range wireless communication technologies


    Voice-Based E-Commerce

    • Relies on voice recognition and text-to-speech technologies


    • Method involves using e-wallets
    • Security features

    • Call recognition

    • Voice recognition

    • Shipping to a set address that cannot be changed by voice commands


    E-Commerce Supporting Technologies

    • Electronic payment systems


    • Web marketing
    • Search engine optimization
    Electronic Payment Systems

    • Electronic payment
    • Money or script that is exchanged only electronically

    • Popular instruments for electronic payment


    • Smart cards
    • Contains an embedded microprocessor chip

    • Stores important financial and personal information


    Electronic Payment Systems

    • E-cash: Secure and convenient alternative to bills and coins


    • Complements credit, debit, and charge cards

    • Adds convenience and control to everyday cash transactions


    • E-check: Electronic version of a paper check
    • Offers security, speed, and convenience for online transactions
    Electronic Payment Systems
    • E-wallets: Available for most handheld devices
    • Offer a secure, convenient, and portable tool for online shopping

    • Store personal and financial information


    • PayPal: Popular online payment system used for many online
    transactions

    • Users with valid e-mail addresses can set up accounts and make
    secure payments
    Electronic Payment Systems

    • Micropayments: Transactions on the Web involving


    very small amounts of money
    • Began as a method for advertisers to pay for cost per
    view or cost per click
    Web Marketing

    • Uses the Web and its supporting technologies to


    promote goods and services
    Search Engine Optimization (SEO)

    • Method for improving the volume or quality of traffic to a website

    • Higher ranking in search results generate more revenue for a


    website
    • Aims at increasing a website’s performance on search engines naturally
    • Includes techniques facilitating search engines to find and index a site
    for certain keywords
    SUMMARY

    • E-commerce is buying and selling goods and services over the internet
    • E-commerce transactions occur among consumers, businesses, and
    government
    • B2B e-commerce lowers production costs and improves accuracy by
    eliminating many labor-intensive tasks
    • Number of technologies and applications support e-commerce
    activities

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