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Biochemical Aspects of Cell
Biochemical Aspects of Cell
OF CELL
Schwann’s Cell Theory
Theodor Schwann
(1810-1882)
Cells come from other
cells
Major types of cell
EU-True, KARYON-Nucleus
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus
COMPARISON
CHARACTERISTIC PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL
Molecular
components/constituents:
Proteins
Polar lipids
Carbohydrates
FUNCTIONS OF MEMBRANE
Protective outer covering
Anchors the cytoskeleton and gives shape to the
cell
Attaches the cell to extracellular matrix
Receives signals and converts them into signals
Membranes possess receptors for hormones,
Selective permeability
Ion channels
MOLECULAR COMPONENTS
0.2
3
1.
1
3.2
The Approximate Composition Of Cell Membrane
Proteins: 55 ٪
Phospholipids: 25 ٪
Cholesterol: 13 ٪
Other lipids: 04 ٪
Carbohydrates: 03 ٪
PROTEINS
1. Peripheral proteins
2. Integral proteins
PERIPHERAL PROTEINS
Peripheral proteins are attached only to one face of
membrane and do not penetrate all the way
through.
Peripheral proteins do not interact directly with the
hydrophobic cores of the phospholipids in the
bilayer and thus do not require use of detergents
for their release.
They are weakly bound to the hydrophilic regions
of specific integral proteins and head groups of
phospholipids and can be released from them by
treatment with salt solutions of high ionic strength.
INTEGRAL PROTEINS
Integral membrane proteins span the full thickness of
bilayer and protrude from both inner and outer
membrane surfaces.
As integral membrane proteins interact extensively with
Acetyl –Cholinesterase
Lipoprotein Lipase
ECF
hdrophilic
Hydrophilic
Hydrophobic
Hydrophilic
ICF
STEROL – CHOLESTEROL
Cholesterol is a very hydrophobic compound
(four fused rings, A, B, C, D,& it has 8- carbon,
branched hydrocarbon chain attached to C- 17 of
the D ring). The only hydrophilic portion is the -
OH group attached at C- 3 of the A ring.
phospholipids)
covalently to proteins.
The glycoportions of these molecules almost
invariably protrudes to the outside of the cell,
dangling outward from the cell surface.
Many other CHO compounds called