BA S K E TB AL L

PRESENTED BY:
DAVY REIN P. PELIGRINO
BACKGROUND OF THE SPORT
• The only major sport strictly of U.S. Origin, basketball was invented by James Naismith
(1861–1939) on or about December 1, 1891, at the International Young Men's Christian
Association (YMCA) training school (now Springfield college), Springfield,
Massachusetts, where Naismith was an instructor in physical education.
BASKETBALL TERMS
• Airball- A shot attempt that was off the mark and didn't touch the basket or the backboard
• Alley-hoop- A play where a teammate throws the ball high towards the basket and their teammate jumps up, catches the ball,
and then slams it into the hoop.

• Assist- when a player passes the ball to their teammate, which leads to a made basket.
• Backboard- the rectangular piece of wood or fiberglass attached to the back of the basket.
• Box out- positioning yourself between the basket and your opponent as a way to obtain a rebound.
• Brick- a shot that bounces off the rim or backboard without going in.
• Double-double- a phrase meaning a player recorded two statistical figures in double digits (i.E. 10 points and 12 assists).
• Double dribble- when a player either dribbles the ball with two hands or stops dribbling all together and then begins again, this
results in a loss of possession.
• Fast break- A play that starts with a defensive rebound that is quickly passed up towards mid court to an awaiting
teammate. These plays often end with an easy basket as the opposing team isn't able to catch up to the scoring
player.

• Field goal- a basket made during the game.

• Free-throw line- the line that players shoot from after being fouled. They cannot be guarded while shooting from
there, and each basket made is worth one point.

• Jump ball- two opposing players jump for a basketball that was tossed into the air by a ref. Also, away to award
possession after two opposing players simultaneously gain possession of a ball. 

• The paint- this is the area on a court that extends from the baseline under the basketball to the free-throw line.
Referred to as the paint because it is often a different color from the rest of the court.
• Screen- when an offensive player stands in the way of a defender to try and give his teammate an open shot.
• Slam dunk- also known as a dunk, this is when a player close to the basket jumps up and throws the ball down into the
hoop.

• Swish- a shot that goes straight through the net without touching the rim or backboard, also known as nothing-but-net.
• Three-point line- also known as the 3-point arc. This is the strip along the outside of the offensive zone and any shot
made from behind it is worth three points.

• Traveling- when a player moves their feet without dribbling the basketball. This results in a loss of possession for their
team.

• Triple-double- a phrase meaning a player recorded three statistical figures in double digits, often thought of as a great
accomplishment (i.e. 10 points, 12 assists and 11 rebounds).
MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT
BASKETBALL
• Based on the provisions made by FIBA, the basketball criteria that meet the standards include:

• The size of the ball must match the conditions of the game. The sizes of basketball that suit the

class are:
• Ball size 7 for ages 14 up to boy seniors
• Ball size 6 for ages 14 up to girl seniors
• Ball size 5 for boys and girls aged 13 and under

• The ball material is made of rubber and covered by synthetic leather or it can be rubber.

• Ball weights are in the range of 600 grams to 650 grams.

• The pressure on the ball ranges from 4.26 to 4.61 psi and if it is bounced from a height of 180 cm to the
floor then the ball will bounce to a height of 120 cm to 140 cm (not to exceed 140 cm).
BASKETBALL SHOES
• Equipment that is no less important is basketball shoes. The thing that distinguishes basketball shoes from other shoes is their shape which is
slightly higher at the ankle, which aims to protect the ankle from the risk of an ankle injury.

• Then the sole or base of the shoe is also made with anti-slip material for use on the field because the basketball game pattern, which consists of
running and jumping movements, requires anti-slip shoes and helps with the said movements.

PLAYER UNIFORMS
• Each basketball player from each team must wear a uniform so that when the game takes place, there will be a difference between teammates
and opponents. Besides that, uniforms will also make the team more solid and look attractive when playing.

• Generally, basketball uniforms do not have sleeves on the shirt and the length of the pants is only up to the knees, all of which aims to facilitate
the player’s movement.
KNEE-PADS
• A knee-pad is an elastic cloth that is made to keep the parts of the body
that are experiencing movement from being injured, as a result of the
wrong position during the movement. Generally, basketball players use the
pads on the knees, ankles, and elbows.
BASKETBALL RING
• The basket consists of a ring and a net. The rings were made of hard
iron and the diameter of the rings was 45 centimeters. The ring height is
305 centimeters from the floor surface and is installed on the surface of
the basketball board with a distance of 15 centimeters. Meanwhile, the
net is hung from the ring, with a net length of 40 centimeters.
BASKETBALL BOARDS
• Basketball boards are generally made of wood or plastic glass

• The basketball board is made of 3 cm thick wood or of a suitable

transparent material, such as acrylic or plastic glass. The basketball
board is 180 centimeters long and 120 centimeters wide.

• The board is 275 centimeters high from the floor surface to the bottom
of the board and is 120 centimeters perpendicular to the distance from
the center point of the finish line of the court.
BASKETBALL COURT
• FIBA (international basketball federation) recommended basketball court size

• It is a rectangle with dimensions of 28 meters long and 15 meters wide as measured from the edge of the boundary line. In a basketball court, there
are several dividing lines such as the three-point zone semicircle line and the free-throw line. The size of each line can be seen in the image above.
RULES AND PUNISHMENT
1.Only five players per team on the court. In the NBA, WNBA, and NCAA basketball, each team can play a
maximum number of five players on the court. If a team breaks this main rule, they will lose possession of the ball.
2.Score more than your opponent to win. To win the game, a team must score more field goals than the other
team. A field goal refers to any basket a player scores during gameplay. Field goals can be worth two or three
points. Field goals can take the form of jump shots, layups, slam dunks, and tip-ins.
3.Score within the shot clock. Teams have a limited amount of time to shoot the ball during a given possession. In
the NBA and WNBA, teams are allowed 24 seconds of possession before they must shoot, while NCAA teams
are allowed 30 seconds.
4.Dribbling advances the ball. Basketball players may only advance the ball by passing or dribbling (bouncing the
ball on the floor) as they move up and down the court. If a player stops dribbling, they may not resume; instead,
they must pass the ball or shoot it.
5. The offense has five seconds to inbound the ball. After the offense scores a basket, the opposing team
receives possession of the ball. The player has five seconds to pass the ball to another player on his team, or
else the team loses possession.
6. The offense must advance the ball. Once an offensive team advances the ball past the half-court line, the
ballhandler may not cross that line again, or a referee will award possession of the ball to the opposing team.
7. Ball and ballhandler must remain inbounds. During gameplay, the player with possession of the ball must
stay within the designated inbounds lines marked on the court. If a player steps out of bounds or touches this
line with their foot while holding the ball, the referee will award possession to the opposing team.
8. Defenders can’t interfere with a shot on a downward trajectory. After the offensive player shoots the ball, it
is illegal for a defensive player to interfere with it once it begins its descent toward the rim.
9. Defenders can legally block or steal the ball. The defending team’s goal is to prevent the offensive team from
scoring by either stealing the ball, blocking the ball from entering the basket, or using defensive tactics to prevent an
offensive player from shooting and scoring.
10.Defenders must leave the paint after three seconds. Offensive players may not camp out in this area waiting for the
ball or an offensive rebound. Any individual player can spend a maximum of three seconds at a time in the space before
they have to move.
11.Each team is allotted a certain number of fouls. Once a team surpasses this allotment, they go “into the bonus,”
which means the officials will award the opposing team with free throws for every additional foul that a player commits in
that quarter of play.
12.Illegal contact results in a foul. When a basketball player commits illegal physical contact against an opposing player,
the referees will call a personal foul.
13.Illegal contact results in a personal foul. A personal foul is an infraction that violates the rules of the game. Players can incur
personal fouls by pushing, blocking, or striking another player in the act of shooting. Shooting fouls result in free throw attempts for
the fouled player.

14.Excessive contact results in a flagrant foul. Flagrant fouls refer to a personal foul that can potentially injure the opponent. These
fouls carry heavier penalties, such as fines, immediate ejection, and even suspension. There are two types of flagrant fouls: flagrant
foul—penalty (1) and flagrant foul—penalty (2). Flagrant 1 refers to fouls involving unnecessary contact.

15.Charges and illegal screens result in an offensive foul. An offensive foul is a personal foul that offensive players commit when
their team possesses the ball. The two most common offensive fouls are charging and illegal ball screens. Charging is when an
offensive player makes contact with a defensive player who has planted their feet in a locked position.

16.Certain rule violations result in technical fouls. A technical foul is a penalty for violating the game’s administrative rules. Officials
commonly assess technical fouls for fighting and verbal abuse, often assessing coaches with this penalty if they are too abrasive
when disputing a call. Technical fouls result in a free throw and a change of possession.
WARM UP EXERCISE
Here is an example of what can be done, but the specifics can be adjusted to suit
the age and level of the athletes, and constraints such as limited space, time
availability, and the environmental conditions.

• A slow jog (a lap or two of an oval, or if inside a few laps of the gym)
• 15 minutes of stretching - involving static stretches (quads, hamstrings, calves, torso,
shoulders) followed by dynamic stretches (arm circles and swings, leg swings).

• Runs up and down along the side of the court. Running forwards and backwards,
side shuffles, leg crossovers.

• 5 × 30m length runs (increase from 50% effort to maximal sprint).

• 5 x 10m out and back short sprints
• 5 zigzag runs (75% effort).
• Basketball drills such as dribbling and shooting.
SCORING SYSTEM
A basket scored can count as one, two or three
points, depending on your shooting location. A free
throw remains the only way to score outside of game
play, as it occurs after a whistle. Basketball rules
determine when you will have an uncontested free
throw worth one point. The dimensions of the
basketball court determine where a shot must
originate for it to count as three points.
“ PRESENTATIONS ARE COMMUNICATION
TOOLS.
”
STAY CURIOUS.