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8 D and F Block Elements 1
8 D and F Block Elements 1
RAJESH KUMAR G
PGT CHEMISTRY
JNV KOLLAM,KERALA
HYDERABAD REGION
The transition elements
(d-block)
Introduction
d-block elements:
• Elements belonging to group 3 to12 of the
periodic table are known as d-block elements.
• General characteristics
Standard electrode
potential.
Periodic table
Transition series
Transition series
• d-block consists of four transition series
(n-1)d1-10 ns1-2
General properties of transition elements
• Ionisation enthalpy
• Formation of complexes
• Oxidation state
Specific cases:
• Exceptionally Zn ,Cd and Hg have low melting and
boiling point.
• Mn and Tc have abnormally low m.p.
• Group 6 elements have highest m.p in corresponding
period (Cr, Mo, W).
• Tungsten has highest m.p among metals.
Melting points
• Trends of melting points of transition elements
Variation in atomic and ionic radii
• Atomic size decreases left to right.
because of their
• Weakly attracted-----Paramagnetic
• Strongly attracted-----Ferromagnetic
• Catalytic property.
• Alloy formation.
Formation of Coloured
compounds
• Most of the transition metal compound are coloured
both in solid state and in aqueous solution.
Potassium permanganate:
• It melts at 398°C.
Preparation:
From pyrolusite ore(MnO2)
Chemical Properties:
• Effect of heating
• 2KMnO4 751K
K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
Effect of pH
MnO4- OH-
MnO42-
H+
Oxidising nature of KMnO4
• KMnO4 shows strong oxidising nature.
• It shows different oxidising nature in different medium.
Acidic medium:
MnO4-+ 8H+ + 5e- → Mn2+ + 4H2O
Point to be noted:
Permanganometric titrations in the presence of HCl are
unsatisfactory as HCl is oxidised to chlorine by KMn04 .
Uses of KMnO4
• Used as an oxidising agent in laboratory and industry.
• 4f1-145d0-16s2
• Transition series.
• General characteristics
General characteristics of d-Block elements:
• Catalytic property.
• Alloy formation.
Potassium dichromate:
Potassium permanganate:
f - block elements
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