Unit 3 - Capital Gains
Unit 3 - Capital Gains
Unit 3 - Capital Gains
(5) Transfer of capital asset by way PY in which the compensation or The initial compensation or
of compulsory acquisition under part thereof is received enhanced compensation as the
any law in the nature of case maybe
i. Initial Compensation
ii. Enhanced Compensation PY in which compensation is
received or final order by any
court/tribunal/other authority is
made whichever is later
(5A) Transfer of capital Asset being PY in which the certificate of Stamp duty value of his share on
Land or Building or both by an completion for whole or part of the the date of issue of the certificate
individual/HUF by way of a project is issued by competent and consideration received in cash
specified agreement for authority if any
development of a project
(6) Repurchase of mutual fund units PY in which the repurchase takes Repurchase price of the units
referred to in sec 80 CCB place or scheme terminates
Computation of Capital Gains – Sec 48
Sr Short Term Capital Gain (STCG) Amount (Rs)
No
1 Full value of consideration
3 Net Consideration
3 Net Consideration
• Concessional Rate of Taxation – A concessional rate of 15% on short term capital gains of
transfer of an equity share in a company or a unit of an equity oriented fund or a unit of
business a business trust
• Conditions
1. Transaction to take place after 1/10/2004
2. Transaction shall be chargeable to STT (in case of transactions undertaken in foreign currency on a
recognized stock exchange located in an International Financial Service Centre would be taxable at 15%
even if STT is not applicable)
3. Adjustment of unexhausted basic exemption limit – The gains shall 1st be reduced by the unexhausted
basic limit and then the rate of 15% shall be applied (applicable to individual and HUF)
4. No deduction u/c VIA
In case of all other short term capital gains, the gain shall be included in the total income and
charged to tax as per the applicable slab rates.
Tax on long term capital gains (LTCG) – Sec 112
• Rate of Taxation
Resident Individual/HUF – 20% (Basic exemption limit if not exhausted then first reduce the
gain and then apply the rate)
Domestic Company – 20%
Non-corporate non- resident or foreign company
i. LTCG arising on transfer of capital assets being unlisted shares or shares of a company in
which public are substantially interested - 10% without giving effect to indexation
ii. Other cases – 20%
All other Residents – 20%
Where tax payable in respect of any income arising from the transfer of a Listed Security
(other than a unit) or a zero coupon bond, exceeds 10% of the amount of capital gains before
indexation, then such excess shall be ignored while computing the tax payable by the assessee.
No deduction u/c VIA
Tax on long term capital gains – Sec 112A
• Applicable – total income includes income chargeable under Capital Gains and such gains
have arisen from transfer of long term capital asset in nature of equity shares or unit of equity
oriented fund or a unit of business trust
• Payment of STT – Applicability is subjected to payment of STT. On equity shares, STT is
paid on its acquisition and transfer and on equity oriented fund/business fund, STT to be paid
on its transfer.
• Computation on capital gain tax
Does not exceed Rs 1 lacs – Nil
Exceeds Rs 1 lac – 10% on capital gains exceeding Rs 1 Lac
Sec 46
• Capital gains on distribution of assets by companies in liquidation
o Assets distributed to shareholders not to be treated as transfer and hence no capital gain tax in hands on the
company
o Chargeable in hands on the shareholders as it is received for the extinguishment of rights in shares. If
amount is received in cash the amount received minus deemed dividend or if received in kind then Market
price minus deemed dividend shall be the consideration
o Asset received above if sold by shareholder subsequently, capital gains will be charged to tax. COA will be
the FMV on the date of distribution and the period of holding will also be reckoned from the date of
distribution
Sec 46A
• Capital gains on Buyback of shares, securities
o The difference in the COA and the value of consideration received shall be deemed to be the capital gains
in the hands of the shareholders
o Applicable only in case of listed companies
o If held for more than 12 months indexation benefit can be claimed
o In case of unlisted shares, company is liable to a tax of 20% (12% surcharge and 4% SHECESS) as per sec
115QA. Income received by the shareholder is exempt u/s 10(34A).
Exemptions in computation of Capital Gains
Sec Eligible Conditions Quantum Consequences
Assessee
54 Individual 1. Residential house (buildings and land appurtenant) is transferred CG or COA of the If new asset is sold
and HUF 2. LTCA new houses within 3 years from
3. Income chargeable under Income from House Property whichever is lower. the date of acquisition
4. CG in excess of Rs 2crore – 1 residential House in India should be or construction, then
purchased within 1 year before or 2 years after the date of transfer or the COA will be
construct residential house within 3 years after the date of transfer reduced by the CG
5. CG is less than Rs 2 crore - 2 residential House in India should be exempted earlier
purchased within 1 year before or 2 years after the date of transfer or
construct 2 residential houses within 3 years after the date of
transfer
6. Claim can be made only once
7. If investment not made before due date of return, amount has to be
deposited under CGAS.
54B Individual 1. Transfer of urban agricultural land COA of new If new asset is sold
and HUF 2. Used for agriculture for 2 yrs immediately preceding the date of agricultural land or within 3 years from
transfer. CG whichever is the date of acquisition,
3. New urban agricultural land to be purchased within 2 yrs from the lower then the COA will be
date of transfer. reduced by the CG
4. If investment not made before due date of return, amount has to be exempted earlier. NA
deposited under CGAS. to rural land.
Exemptions in computation of Capital Gains
Sec Eligible Conditions Quantum Consequences
Assessee
54D Any 1. Compulsory acquisition of land, building, any right in land or CG or COA of the If new asset is sold
Assessee building forming part of an industrial undertaking new assets within 3 years from
2. Asset should have been used for business for 2 yrs immediately whichever is lower. the date of acquisition
preceding the date of transfer or construction, then
3. New land/building is to be purchased or constructed within 3 years the COA will be
from the date of transfer for shifting the existing business or setting reduced by the CG
up new business. exempted earlier
54F Individual 1. Transfer of a LTCA other than residential house COA of new house If new asset is sold or
and HUF 2. Transfer of land also eligible is more than Net additional house is
3. Purchase 1 residential house in India within 1 year before or 2 years Sales consideration purchased or
after the date of transfer or construct within 3 years from the date of of asset sold, entire constructed within 3
transfer CG is exempted years, CG exempted
4. If investment not made before filing of return, amount to be and if reverse then earlier to be taxed as
deposited under CAGS proportionate CG is capital gains
5. Assessee should not own more than 1 residential house on the date exempted i.e
of transfer. LTCG*(Amount
6. Other than the new asset, no residential house should be purchased invested in new
within 2 years or constructed within 3 years from the date of Asset/Net Sales
transfer. consideration)
Exemptions in computation of Capital Gains
Sec Eligible Conditions Quantum Consequences
Assessee
54G Any 1. Shifting of industrial undertaking from urban area to any other area COA + expenses In case the new asset
Assessee other than urban area incurred for is transferred within 3
2. Transfer should be of machinery, plant, building or land or any right specified purpose years, then CG
in building/land used for business of undertaking or CG whichever is exempted earlier will
3. CG to be utilized for purchase of new plant, machinery, acquisition less. be reduced from COA
of land and building or construction of building for the business, of the new asset.
shifting expenses or such other notified expenditure within 1 year
before or 3 years after the date of transfer
4. If investment not made before filing of return, amount to be
deposited under CAGS
54GA Any 1. Transfer of CA in relation to shifting of business from urban area to COA + expenses If new asset is
Assessee SEZ incurred for transferred within 3
2. Transfer should be of machinery, plant, land, building, right in specified purpose years, CG exempted
building/land used for business or CG whichever is earlier to be taxed as
3. Purchase plant, machinery, building/land or construct building in less. capital gains
SEZ, expenses for shifting to SEZ or such other expense as is
notified within 1 year before or 3 years after the date of transfer.
4. If investment not made before filing of return, amount to be
deposited under CAGS
Exemptions in computation of Capital Gains
Sec Eligible Conditions Quantum Consequences
Assessee
54GB Individual 1. LTCA being residential house COA of new asset If amount deposited in
and HUF 2. Net consideration has been utilized to subscribe to equity shares of more than Net Sale specified bank not
an eligible company, which in turn is utilized by the company to consideration of utilized within 1 year,
purchase new plant and machinery within 1 year from the date of residential house, the capital gain
subscription of shares entire CG is exempt exempted earlier will
3. Unutilized amount to be deposited in an account in a specified and if reverse, be taxed
bank/institution before filing of return proportionate CG is If new asset is
4. Amount to be utilized as per the scheme notified by Central exempt transferred or shares
Government LTCG*(Amount are transferred within
5. Eligible Company – incorporated in the FY in which CG arises or in invested in new 5 years from the date
the following year on or before filing of return by the Asset/Net Sales of acquisition, CG
Individual/HUF, is engaged in eligible business, where the consideration) earlier exempted will
individual/HUF holds more than 25% share capital or 25% of voting be taxed. In case if the
rights after the subscription to the shares and is an eligible start up new asset is
company computer/software,
6. Eligible start up – incorporated during 1/4/2016 to 31/3/2021, total then the time limit is
turnover less than Rs 25 crore in the PY for which deduction of 3 years.
u/s80IAC is claimed and holds certificate of eligible business
7. Eligible business – innovation, development or improvement of
products/processes/services, a scalable business model with high
potential of employment generation and wealth creation
8. Exemption not applicable for houses transferred after 31/3/2021