Friction
Friction
or lack thereof
Friction
2) Creates heat
Which is bigger…static or
It is easier to keep an object
kinetic? moving than start it from rest
New Symbol
• μ – Greek letter “Mu”
• Coefficient of friction.
– μs – coefficient of static friction
– μk – coefficient of kinetic friction
– depends on materials used and their surface conditions
• Coefficient of friction: Decimal between 0.0 and 1.0,
unitless.
Decrease
Increase
Remain the same
A 24 kg crate initially at rest on a horizontal
floor requires a 75N horizontal force to set it
in motion. Find the coefficient of static
friction between the crate and floor.
Once the crate is in motion, a horizontal
force of 53N keeps it moving with constant
velocity. Find the coefficient of kinetic
friction between the crate and floor.
A 55kg baseball player slides into third base
with an initial speed of 4.6 m/s. If the
coefficient of kinetic friction between the
player and the ground is 0.46, what is the
player’s acceleration? How far did he slide?
By measuring the
length of skid marks,
police can calculate the
speed a car was going
before an accident.
Static and Kinetic Frictional Force
Formula
1) FN= mg = weight
2) fk = k FN
6) ax = .05 (9.80m/s2)
Static and Kinetic Frictional Force
Formula
1) FN= mg = weight
2) ΣF= fk , fk = k FN
6) ax = .05 (9.80m/s2)
Static and Kinetic Frictional Force
Formula
Did we need to know the mass of the 1) FN= mg = weight
sleder? No.
Why? It cancels out in the ax equation. 2) ΣF= fk , fk = k FN
Real Life Ap: This applies to car tires
in accidents. By measuring the length 3) ΣF= max = k FN
of skid marks, they can calculate the
4) max = k mg
speed a car was going before an
accident. k of a tire is the same for all 5) (/m=>) ax= k g
cars since it does not depend on car
mass or surface area of the tires. 6) ax = .05 (9.80m/s2)
Static and Kinetic Frictional Forces
Static Frictional Force:
FN = Normal force
Static and Kinetic Frictional Forces
Static Frictional Force Breaks at a certain value:
fs = s FN
fs = force of static friction
FN = Normal force
IMPORTANT!!!!!
fs = s FN = .4 (10kg) ( 9.80m/s2)
fs = 39 N (Breaking Force)
Problem
Box:
fk = k FN = .2 (10kg) ( 9.80m/s2)
fk = 19.5 N (Kinetic Force)
Net Force = Pushing Force – Kinetic Friction Force
Net Force = 39N – 19.5N = 19.5N
a = F / m = 19.5N / 10kg = 1.95 m/s2 = 2 m/s2
The Tension Force
The Tension Force
Tension is the force balanced
by a rope, cable or wire.
y component
W: 86,500 sin 240
L: +L
T: 0
R: 0
Friction
Truck
Engine
10o
Gravity
x component givens
W: Fwx = -mgsin10.0o (gravity pulls backwards at10.0o )
s = 0.350 y component givens
W: -mgsin10.0 o
f s = s FN =.35 mgcos10.0o
FN: FN = mgsin10.0o
Ftruck = max = Fx
Equations y comp equations
Fx = -Gravity + Friction = Truck Engine Accel Fy = -mgsin10.0o + FN = 0
Fx = Fwx + sFN = max
Fx = -mgsin10.0o + .35 mgcos10.0o= max ax = 1.68 m/s2
(/m out)= -9.80sin10.0o +.35(9.8)cos10.0o =ax
Who uses this info? Not the driver. The engineers use it to figure out if
they need to add more tie downs to the truck bed design.
Example
Block 1 (mass m1 = 8.00 kg) is moving n a frictionless 30.0o incline. This
block is connected to block 2 (mass m2 = 22.0 kg) by a cord that passes over
a massless and frictionless pulley, Find the acceleration of each block and the
tension in the cord. (p. 115)
x component y component
W1: -W1sin30.0o W2: -W2
T: T T: T