Enviormental Factors
Enviormental Factors
FACTORS
Environmental Factors
• It affect:
• Safety
• Health
• Comfort
• Performance
Environmental Factors
• Eliminate the adverse effects of environmental factors:
1. At source
2. In the transmission between source and man
3. At the individual level
Environmental Factors
1. Noise
2. Vibration
3. Illumination
4. Climate
5. Chemical substance
Noise
• ‘Averaged' level over an
eight-hour period:
• 80-85 db
• Peak level:
135-137db
1 2 3
Keep the noise level Avoid Annoyance Rooms should not be
below 80 decibels too quiet
2) Noise Reduction At Source
1 2 3 4
Choose a Use quiet Maintain Enclose
low-noise machines machines noisy
working regularly machines
method
Thermal printer
3) noise Reduction Through Workplace Design And Work
Organization
1 2 3 4
Separate Keep an Use ceiling Use
noisy work adequate to absorb acoustic
from quiet distance noise screens
work from the
source of
noise
Enclose Noisy Machines
1
Hearing
Conservation
Vibration
• Whole-body vibration
• below (0.5m/s)
• Via the feet (in standing work)
• Via the seat (in seated work).
• Usually, the vibration is predominantly vertical, such
as in vehicles.
1 2
Avoid health and Prevent shocks and
safety risks from jolts
vibration
Preventing Vibration
1 2 3 4
Tackle Maintain Prevent the If
vibration at machines transmission necessary,
source regularly of vibration direct the
measures
at the
individual
Illumination
Guidelines on Brightness
Differences
ILLUMINATION
Guidelines for the
Color of the Light
Guidelines for
Improving Lighting
1) Guidelines On Light Intensity
1 2 3
Select a light Select a light Select a light
intensity of 20– intensity of 200– intensity of 750–
200 lux for 750 lux for 5000 lux for
orientation normal activities special
tasks. applications
Minimum
required
intensity to
detect obstacles
is about 20 lux
2) Guidelines On Brightness Differences
1 2
• Daylight : • 5000–6500 K
• white light color
1 2 3 4
Avoid too Too warm Too cold In working
cold and too color of the colors of environments
warm colors light -- too the light -- , most people
for indoor stimulating too boring. prefer
lighting warmer
colors of the
light (3000–
5000 K)
4) Guidelines For Improving Lighting
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Ensure Combine Daylight Screen Prevent Use Avoid
good ambient can also sources of reflections diffuse flicker
legibility and be used direct and lighting from
of localized for light shadows fluoresce
informatio lighting ambient nt tubes
n lighting
THANKYOU