Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Food Biotechnology Sports Nutrition
Food Biotechnology Sports Nutrition
Continuation…
Vegetarian Athlete
• A vegetarian diet contains high intakes of plant proteins, fruits,
vegetables, whole grains, and nuts. It can be nutritionally adequate,
but insufficient evidence exists on long-term vegetarianism and
athletic performance.
Special Circumstances
High Altitude
• Specialized training and nutrition are required for athletes training at
high altitude. Increasing red blood cells to carry more oxygen is
essential. Iron-rich foods are an important component of this athlete
as well.
• Increased risk of illness is indicated with chronic high altitude
exposure. Foods high in antioxidants and protein are essential. Fluid
requirements will vary per athlete, and hydration status should be
individually monitored.
Hot Environments
Athletes competing in hot conditions are at greater risk of heat
illness. Heat illness can have adverse health complications. Fluid and
electrolyte balance is crucial for these athletes.
Cold Environments
Primary concerns for athletes exercising in thee cold are adequate
hydration and body temperature. Leaner athletes are at higher risk of
hypothermia. Modifying caloric and carbohydrate intake is important
for this athlete. Appropriate foods and fluids that withstand cold
temperatures will promote optimal athletic performance.
Eating Disorders and Deficiencies
Eating disorders in athletes are not uncommon. Many athletes are
required to maintain lean bodies and low body weight and exhibit
muscular development. Chronic competitive pressure can create
psychological and physical stress of the athlete leading to disordered
eating habits.
• Bulimia
• Orthorexia
Eating Disorders and Deficiencies
Obviously, the nutritional needs of these individuals greatly
differ from that of other active adults or athletes. Until
someone with an eating disorder is considered well again, the
primary focus should be put on treating and managing the
eating disorder and consuming the nutrition needed to
achieve and maintain good health, rather than athletic
performance.
Eating Disorders and Deficiencies
Additionally, athletes often restrict calories and certain food groups,
which may potentially lead to deficiencies of essential micronutrients.
Research indicates the most common micronutrient deficiencies include: