The document discusses the history and definition of social science, tracing its origins back to ancient Greek philosophers and describing it as the study of human societies and groups using scientific processes. It also provides examples of prominent early social scientists like Ibn Khaldun and Émile Durkheim who helped establish social science as a field of inquiry, and outlines some reasons why studying social sciences can help understand political and social institutions.
The document discusses the history and definition of social science, tracing its origins back to ancient Greek philosophers and describing it as the study of human societies and groups using scientific processes. It also provides examples of prominent early social scientists like Ibn Khaldun and Émile Durkheim who helped establish social science as a field of inquiry, and outlines some reasons why studying social sciences can help understand political and social institutions.
The document discusses the history and definition of social science, tracing its origins back to ancient Greek philosophers and describing it as the study of human societies and groups using scientific processes. It also provides examples of prominent early social scientists like Ibn Khaldun and Émile Durkheim who helped establish social science as a field of inquiry, and outlines some reasons why studying social sciences can help understand political and social institutions.
Ask the learners to introduce themselves and let the learners
complete this sentence upon introducing themselves. “Hello, my name is _________. The object that best represent me is a ___________ because _____________________. Example: “Hello, my name is JOHN BRIANE G. CAPILI. The object that best represent me is a POCKET WI-FI because I CAN GIVE AND SHARE THE KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION THAT THE USERS WANT TO KNOW.” As a study as study of society Social Science is engaged in the study of phenomena relating to human group and their sociophysical environment. The term social science carries with it two important contexts:
1. It involves the scientific process
2. It inquiries about social space The beginning of social science inquiry or research can be traced back to ancient Greek philosophers who inquired on questions of ethics, the nature of man, society, and the state. Those who begun their philosophies answering questions about the nature of man soon endeavored to bring their insights into the nature of societies and the development of governments. Social Science started as a field of inquiry on populations using the scientific method. The social sciences are the fields of scholarship that study society. ―”Social science” is commonly used as an umbrella term to refer to a plurality of fields outside of the natural sciences, which include Anthropology, Archaeology, Business Administration, Communication, Criminology, Economics, Education, Government, Linguistics, International Relations, Political Science, Sociology and, in some contexts, Geography, History, Law, and Psychology. • Social Science falls under Humanities, as are Economics, Politics, Anthropology, Archaeology, and Psychology, etc. • Other humanities are not sciences: Literature, Music, Art, etc. • Natural Sciences include Biology, Evolution, Medicine, Geology, Meteorology/Climatology, Chemistry, Astronomy and Physics. SOCIAL PROBLEMS AND SOCIAL SCIENCE • the connection between Social Science and social problems should be a high priority for all social scientists and citizens alike
Example: Poverty and Social Science
(Economics) due to covid-19 The world is facing a pandemic Why study Social Sciences
• Because it helps people understand and
engage with the key political and social institutions, thus benefiting individuals and society as a whole. HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
The history of the social sciences begins in the roots of
ancient philosophy. • In Ancient history, there was no difference between Mathematics and the study of History, Poetry or Politics. • The term ― “social science” may refer either to the specific sciences of society established by thinkers such as Comte, Durkheim, Marx, and Weber, or more generally to all disciplines outside of noble science and arts. HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
Plato was an Athenian philosopher during
the Classical period in Ancient Greece, founder of the Platonist school of thought, and the Academy, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. Plato’s philosophy discussed how human nature, or the soul is a reflection of society and how a society can achieve harmony by creating classes or divisions. HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
Aristotle is a towering figure in ancient
Greek Philosophy, who made important contributions to Logic, Criticism, Rhetoric, Physics, Biology, Psychology, Mathematics, Metaphysics, Ethics, and Politics. He was a student of Plato for twenty years but is famous for rejecting Plato's theory of forms. HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Al Biruni (973-1048)is an Islamic medieval scholar who documented the lives of early populations in the Middle East, South Asia, and the Mediterranean. Some of his most acclaimed works include: The Remaining Signs of Past Century(1000 CE)-which is a comparative study of the different calendars of cultures and civilization in the Middle East and South Asia and Critical Study of What India says, whether Accepted by Reason or Refused-which is a detailed account of the religion and philosophy of India HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Iban Khaldun's epistemology attempted to reconcile mysticism with theology by dividing Science into two different categories, the religious science that regards the sciences of the Qur'an and the non-religious science. Another trailblazer in the social sciences was Iban Khaldun in (1332-1406) a North African Muslim Scholar who was recognized as one of the key founders of several disciplines in the social sciences such as Demography, History, Sociology, Anthropology and Economics. HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES His most acclaimed work is called Muqaddimah of Ibn Khaldun (1337), wherein he used the universal history (world history) approach that emphasized the history of humankind as a coherent unit of analysis, insisting that history be void of idle superstition and uncritical acceptance of historical data. This germinated the practice of ― “scientific approach” to the study of human populations. Iban Khaldun's HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Thomas Hobbes, was an English philosopher, considered to be one of the founders of modern political philosophy. Hobbes is best known for his 1651 book Leviathan, in which he expounds an influential formulation of social contract theory. He developed the idea that absolute monarchs are essential to enforce the will of the people, but argued that the monarchs’ power came from the people, and not from divine right. Thomas Hobbes HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES John Locke FRS was an English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of the Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as John Locke (1632—1704), John Locke was among the most famous philosophers and political theorists of the 17th century. He is often regarded as the founder of a school of thought known as British Empiricism, and he also made foundational contributions to modern theories of limited, liberal John Locke government. He argued that the power of the state to govern is the power given by the people for the protection of their inalienable rights. HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Charles-Louis de Secondat, Baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu, generally referred to as simply Montesquieu, was a French judge, man of letters, and political philosopher. He is the principal source of the theory of separation of powers, which is implemented in many constitutions throughout the world. Montesquieu developed the idea of the government having a system of checks and balances, called for the separation of government powers into Montesquieu the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a Genevan philosopher, writer and composer. His political philosophy influenced the progress of the Enlightenment throughout Europe, as well as aspects of the French Revolution and the development of modern political, economic and educational thought. He attempted to explain that a social contract exists, which enables a society to function toward a general will or a common good. Jean-Jacques Rousseau HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES David Émile Durkheim was a French sociologist. He formally established the academic discipline of sociology and— with Karl Marx and Max Weber —is commonly cited as the principal architect of modern social science. He argued in his work The Rules of Sociological Methods (1895) that everything in the social realm could be quantifiably understood. He documented and compared his work Suicide (1897) the suicide rate David Émile between the Catholic and Protestant populations, Durkheim HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
Scholars -used critical thinking and scientific
inquiry to address the shifting socioeconomic condition of their time GROUP ACTIVITY:
Directions: Divide the class into 4 groups and choose a
leader to explain what their presentation all about, each group will do a role play showing the different behaviors they noticed in our community. Some other noteworthy and great Filipino values are as follow: GROUP ACTIVITY: • Bayanihan Filipino culture • Before, the Filipino men used to serenade (harana) a woman he was courting. • Filipinos call their older siblings “ate” for older sisters and “kuya” for older brothers to show respect. • Hospitable • So much respect for the elderlies • Pagmamano or kissing the elder’s head on the forehead • Religious • Palabra de Honor • Pamamanhikan • Pakikisama Directions: Choose a partner and make a slogan showing the relationship between social science and the community. Then, fill out a concept map showing the definition of social science as a study of society. Directions: Answer the following questions.
1. How does social science related to society?
2. What are the roles of social science in the society 3. Define Social Science as study of society. 4. As Senior High School learners, how do you use the social science in your daily living? 5. What is social sciences and how can it be used to study and understand society? Directions: Write True if the statement is correct and False if not.
______ 1. Social science can be used to study and
understand society. ______ 2. Socialization affects the overall cultural practices of a society, but it does not shape one’s self-image. ______ 3. Most social scientists believe heredity is the most important factor influencing human development. Bring any indigenous or recycled materials or art materials about the community to be used in their diorama activity for our next meeting.