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    Jonard G. Trajano
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    The document defines and describes different types of polygons. It discusses the basic properties of polygons including the number of sides and vertices. It also defines regular polygons, convex and concave polygons, interior and exterior angles, and different types of quadrilaterals such as parallelograms, rectangles, rhombi, squares, and trapezoids. Formulas are provided for calculating polygon interior angles, exterior angles, and trapezoid midsegments.

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    The document defines and describes different types of polygons. It discusses the basic properties of polygons including the number of sides and vertices. It also defines regular polygons, convex and concave polygons, interior and exterior angles, and different types of quadrilaterals such as parallelograms, rectangles, rhombi, squares, and trapezoids. Formulas are provided for calculating polygon interior angles, exterior angles, and trapezoid midsegments.

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    29 views26 pages

    Chapter 3 Polygons2

    Uploaded by

    Jonard G. Trajano
    The document defines and describes different types of polygons. It discusses the basic properties of polygons including the number of sides and vertices. It also defines regular polygons, convex and concave polygons, interior and exterior angles, and different types of quadrilaterals such as parallelograms, rectangles, rhombi, squares, and trapezoids. Formulas are provided for calculating polygon interior angles, exterior angles, and trapezoid midsegments.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 26

    Polygons

    3.1 Basic Polygons

    I. Properties of a Polygon
    A. A plane figure formed by three or more
    consecutive segments (sides or laterals)
    B. Each side intersects exactly two other
    sides at its endpoints.
    C. These intersections are called vertices.
    D. No three consecutive vertices are
    collinear.
    II. Types of Polygons
    3 sides – triangle
    4 sides – quadrilateral
    5 sides – pentagon
    6 sides – hexagon
    7 sides – heptagon
    8 sides – octagon
    9 sides – nonagon
    10 sides – decagon
    12 sides – dodecagon
    20 sides – icosagon
    n sides – n-gon
    III. Convex and Concave Polygons
    A. Convex – any two points inside of the
    polygon can be connected with a
    segment that is completely inside the
    polygon.

    B. Concave – opposite of convex


    IV. Regular Polygons
    A. Polygons that are both equilateral and
    equiangular.
    B. Equilateral – all the sides are the same
    length
    C. Equiangular – all the angles are the
    same measure.
    D. Perimeter – the distance around a
    polygon
    Regular Pentagon
    Diagonal – a segment connecting two non-consecutive
    vertices
    3.2 Angles of Polygons
    I. Polygon Interior Angle Theorem
    5 sides -- pentagon

    3 triangles x 180

    540°
    3.2 Angles of Polygons
    I. Polygon Interior Angle Theorem
    6 sides -- hexagon

    4 triangles x 180

    720°

    Total number of degrees in a polygon = 180(n – 2)


    3.2 Angles of Polygons
    I. Polygon Interior Angle Theorem
    6 sides -- hexagon
    110°
    x + 30 4 triangles x 180
    95°
    720°
    122°

    103°
    x
    II. Regular Polygons

    180 (n – 2)
    180 (3)
    540°  5

    108°

    Each angle of a regular polygon = 180(n – 2)  n


    Regular Octagon

    180 ( n – 2)
    180 ( 6)
    1080° 8

    135°
    III. Polygon Exterior Angle
    Theorem
    72°
    108°

    72°

    108° 108°
    72°

    108° 108° 72°

    72°

    The sum of the measures of the exterior angles of a


    polygon is 360°
    3.3 Types of Quadrilaterals
    I. Parallelogram - quadrilateral with opposite
    sides that are parallel and congruent

    125° 55°

    55° 125°

    Opposite angles are equal in measure


    II. Rectangle
    A parallelogram with four right angles.
    III. Rhombus
    Parallelogram with four congruent sides

    120° 60°

    60° 120°
    IV. Square
    Parallelogram with four congruent sides and
    four right angles

    A square is a
    parallelogram, a
    rectangle, and a
    rhombus.
    V. Trapezoid
    A quadrilateral with one pair of parallel sides
    3.4 Trapezoids

    Parallel sides are called the bases.


    Non-parallel sides are called the legs.
    I. Special Trapezoids
    A. Isosceles Trapezoid
    a trapezoid with two congruent sides

    110° 110°

    70° 70°

    Base angles are congruent


    I. Special Trapezoids
    B. Right Trapezoid
    a trapezoid with two right angles

    125°

    55°
    II. Trapezoid Midsegment Theorem

    A 25 cm. B MS = (sum of bases)2


    MS = (25 + 39)2
    MS = (64)2
    MS = 32
    E 32 cm.
    F

    C D
    39 cm.

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