Government Programs

and Initiatives in
Addressing Social
Inequalities
Mrs. Clarizze Jaine M. Nicolas
 SOCIAL INEQUALITY
• The state of unequal distribution
of valued goods and opportunities
based on their social class or
status. All societies today have
social inequality.
 SOCIAL INEQUALITY
• It can manifest in a variety of ways, like
income and wealth inequality, unequal
access to education and health, and
differential treatment by the police and
judicial system, among others.
• Social inequality goes hand in hand
with social stratification
1. Inequality in the Access
to Social, Political, And
Symbolic Capital
 SOCIAL CAPITAL
•is the ability of a group
to act together to pursue
a common goal and lead a
comfortable life.
 POLITICAL CAPITAL
•refers to the trust, good will,
and influence possessed by a
political actor, such as
politician, to mobilize support
toward a preferred policy
outcome.
 POLITICAL CAPITAL
• Example is that, governor will be given
a preferential treatment over those
with lower have no civic equality.
Moreover, political actors coming from
political families had given preferential
treatment to enter politics than those
who are not.
 SYMBOLIC CAPITAL
• the resources available to an individual
on the basis of honor, prestige or
recognition, and serves as value that one
holds within a culture. A war hero, for
example, may have symbolic capital in
the context of running for political
office.
Government Programs
Addressing Inequalities
 CONDITIONAL CASH
TRANSFER PROGRAM
• locally known as Pantawid Pamilya Pilipino
Program, or 4Ps
• a government program that provides conditional
cash grants to the poorest of the poor in the
Philippines.
• Households receive cash grants if children stay
in school and get regular health check-ups, have
their growth monitored, and receive vaccines.
 CONDITIONAL CASH
TRANSFER PROGRAM
• Pregnant women must get pre-natal
care, with their births attended to by
professional health workers.
• Parents or guardians are required to
participate in monthly community-based
Family Development Sessions to learn
about positive child discipline, disaster
preparedness, and women’s rights.
 AGRARIAN REFORM
IN THE PHILIPPINES
• seeks to solve the centuries-old problem of
landlessness in rural areas.
• initiated in 1987, the government addressed
key national goals: the promotion of equity
and social justice, food security and poverty
alleviation in the countryside.
 AGRARIAN REFORM
IN THE PHILIPPINES
• Covered all public and private agricultural
lands regardless of the crops planted. It
also included public domain lands that were
suitable for agriculture. It sought to
redistribute land not only to farmers and
farm workers but also to other landless
poor.
 SK REFORM ACT OF 2015
• has the provisions that prohibits political
dynasty.
• It prohibits any person to run in any
Sanggunian Kabataan Office either elected or
appointed if it has a relative up to second
degree in the barangay level to governorship.
 UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO QUALITY
TERTIARY EDUCATION ACT
• is a law that institutionalizes free tuition and exemption
from other fees in state universities and colleges (SUCs),
local universities and colleges (LUCs) in the Philippines.
• The law also foresees subsidies also for private higher
education institutions. It is intended to give
underprivileged Filipino students a chance to earn a
college degree.
2. MINORITY
GROUPS
 2. MINORITY GROUPS
•are groups composed of less-
dominant classifications in
society that experience
disproportionately lower
opportunities than their
dominant counterparts.
 A. Gender Inequality
• In some countries women are paid
relatively lower than men due to their
sexuality and biological differences.
• The LGBT community has always been
treated indifferently and discriminatively
because they do not fall within a
biologically defined gender group.
 A. Gender Inequality
PROGRAMS
1. Philippine Plan for Gender-Responsive
Development (PPGD) - rests on a vision of
development that is equitable , sustainable,
free from violence, respectful of human rights,
supportive of self-determination and the
actualization of human potentials, and
participatory and empowering .
 A. Gender Inequality
PROGRAMS
1. Philippine Plan for Gender-Responsive Development
(PPGD) - It places people at the center and aims to make
development work for all groups. However, it recognizes that
discrimination exists on the basis of gender, class and
ethnicity. In the light of historical gender inequalities and
inequities, it puts greater emphasis on women as a
disadvantaged group. It is in here where gender and
development was anchored into.
 A. Gender Inequality
PROGRAMS
2. Magna Carta of Women (MCW) - is a comprehensive
women’s human rights law that seeks to eliminate
discrimination through the recognition, protection,
fulfillment, and promotion of the rights of Filipino women,
especially those belonging in the marginalized sectors of the
society. It conveys a framework of rights for women based
directly on international law.
2. Magna Carta of Women
(MCW)
• Increasing the number of women in third
level positions in government to achieve
a fifty-fifty (50-50) gender balance within
the next five years while the composition
of women in all levels of development
planning and program implementation
will be at least 40 percent;
 2. Magna Carta of Women
•
(MCW)
Leave benefits of two (2) months with full
pay based on gross monthly compensation
for women employees who undergo surgery
caused by gynecological disorders, provided
that they have rendered continuous
aggregate employment service of at least six
(6) months for the last twelve (12) months;
 2. Magna Carta of Women
(MCW)
• Non-discrimination in employment in the field of
military, police and other similar services that
include according the same promotional privileges
and opportunities as their men counterpart,
including pay increases, additional benefits, and
awards, based on competency and quality of
performance.
 2. Magna Carta of Women
•
(MCW)
Provision for equal access and elimination of
discrimination in education, scholarships, and
training. Thus, “expulsion, non-readmission,
prohibiting enrollment, and other related
discrimination of women students and faculty
due to pregnancy out of marriage shall be
outlawed.
 2. Magna Carta of Women
•
(MCW)
Non-discriminatory and non-derogatory
portrayal of women in media and film to
raise the consciousness of the general
public in recognizing the dignity of women
and the role and contribution of women in
family, community, and the society through
the strategic use of mass media;
2. Magna Carta of Women
(MCW)
• Equal status given to men and women on
the titling of the land and issuance of
stewardship contracts and patents
 2. ETHNICS MINORITIES
• Because some minorities live traditionalistic lives
far away from the city and technology, and some
may appear differently than usual, they have
been consistently labeled and treated as people
with minimal knowledge and capabilities.
• Lack of resources easily available for many are
not utilized within their group, and thus receive
negative attention from the dominant public.
 3. Ethnic Minorities
PROGRAMS
1. Republic Act 8371, known as the Indigenous
Peoples Rights Act (IPRA), was enacted in
1997. It has been praised for its support for the
cultural integrity of indigenous peoples, the
right to their lands and the right to self-
directed development of these lands.
 4. Other Minorities
PROGRAMS
2. Republic Act No. 9442, an Act Amending Republic Act No.
7277, Otherwise known as the Magna Carta for Disabled
Persons, and For Other Purposes’ Granting Additional
Privileges and Incentives and Prohibitions on Verbal, Non-
verbal Ridicule and Vilification Against Persons with
Disability. Its objective is to provide persons with disability,
the opportunity to participate fully into the mainstream of
society by granting them at least twenty percent (20%)
discount in all basic services.
 4. Other Minorities
PROGRAMS
It is a declared policy of RA 7277 that persons with disability
are part of Philippine society, and thus the State shall give full
support to the improvement of their total well-being and
their integration into the mainstream of society. They have
the same rights as other people to take their proper place in
society. They should be able to live freely and as
independently as possible.
 4. Other Minorities
PROGRAMS
This must be the concern of everyone the family, community
and all government and nongovernment organizations. Rights
of persons with disability must never be perceived as welfare
services. Prohibitions on verbal, non-verbal ridicule and
vilification against persons with disability shall always be
observed at all times.
 4. Other Minorities
PROGRAMS
2. Department of Education has adopted the policy to
provide special protection to children who are gravely
threatened or endangered by circumstances which affect
their normal development and over which they have no
control, and to assist the concerned agencies in their
rehabilitation.
 4. Other Minorities
PROGRAMS
2. Furthermore, the Department aims to ensure such special
protection from all forms of abuse and exploitation and care
as is necessary for the child’s well-being, taking into account
the primary rights and duties of parents, legal guardians, or
other individuals who are legally responsible and exercise
custody over the child.
 4. Other Minorities
PROGRAMS
2. DepEd recognizes the participatory rights of the child in
the formulation and implementation of policies, and in all
proceedings affecting them, whether they be victims or
aggressors, either directly, or through a representative.
 4. Other Minorities
PROGRAMS
3. Enactment of Anti-Bullying Law which
mandates directed all elementary and
secondary schools to adopt policies to
address the existence of bullying in their
respective institutions
 Transforming our World:
the 2030 Agenda for
Sustainable Development
 Transforming our World:
the 2030 Agenda for
Sustainable Development
This Agenda is a plan of action for people, planet and prosperity.
It also seeks to strengthen universal peace in larger freedom. We
recognize that eradicating poverty in all its forms and
dimensions, including extreme poverty, is the greatest global
challenge and an indispensable requirement for sustainable
development. All countries and all stakeholders, acting in
collaborative partnership, will implement this plan. We are
resolved to free the human race from the tyranny of poverty and
want and to heal and secure our planet.
 Transforming our World:
the 2030 Agenda for
Sustainable Development
We are resolved to free the human race from the tyranny of
poverty and want and to heal and secure our planet. We are
determined to take the bold and transformative steps which
are urgently needed to shift the world onto a sustainable and
resilient path. As we embark on this collective journey, we
pledge that no one will be left behind. The 17 Sustainable
Development Goals and 169 targets which we are
announcing today demonstrate the scale and ambition of this
new universal Agenda.
 Transforming our World:
the 2030 Agenda for
Sustainable Development
They seek to realize the human rights of all
and to achieve gender equality and the
empowerment of all women and girls.
They are integrated and indivisible and
balance the three dimensions of
sustainable development: the economic,
social and environmental.
 GOAL 1
End poverty in all its
forms everywhere
 GOALS 2
End hunger, achieve food
security and improved
nutrition and promote
sustainable agriculture
 GOALS 3
Ensure healthy lives and
promote well-being for all at all
ages
 GOALS 4
Ensure inclusive and equitable
quality education and promote
lifelong learning opportunities
for all
 GOALS 5
Achieve gender equality and
empower all women and girls
 GOALS 6
Ensure availability and
sustainable management of
water and sanitation for all.
 GOALS 7
Ensure access to affordable,
reliable, sustainable and
modern energy for all.
 GOALS 8
Promote sustained, inclusive and
sustainable economic growth, full
and productive employment and
decent work for all
 GOALS 9
Build resilient infrastructure,
promote inclusive and sustainable
industrialization and foster
innovation.
 GOALS 10
Reduce inequality within and
among countries.
 GOALS 11
Make cities and human
settlements inclusive, safe,
resilient and sustainable.
 GOALS 12
Ensure sustainable consumption
and production patterns.
 GOALS 13
Take urgent action to combat
climate change and its impacts
 GOALS 14
Conserve and sustainably use the
oceans, seas and marine resources
for sustainable development.
 GOALS 15
Protect, restore and promote
sustainable use of terrestrial
ecosystems, sustainably manage
forests, combat desertification, and
halt and reverse land degradation and
halt biodiversity loss.
 GOALS 16
Promote peaceful and inclusive
societies for sustainable development,
provide access to justice for all and
build effective, accountable and
inclusive institutions at all levels.
 GOALS 17
Strengthen the means of
implementation and revitalize the
global partnership for sustainable
development