Law Enforcement Operation and Planning
Law Enforcement Operation and Planning
Operation and
Planning
With Crime Mapping
Police Operation
Police is a body of armed men, which as an institution,
can exercise its duties by armed physical forces to
preserve peace and order, detection of crime, and the
execution of laws. They are a body of offi cers representing
the civil authority of the government, and are responsible
for maintaining public order and safety, enforcing the law,
and preventing, detecting, and investigating criminal
activities. Police operations are defi ned as the job duties,
responsibilities, and activities that law enforcement agents
complete in the fi eld.
Categories of Police Operations
According to the Revised PNP Police Operational Procedure (2021) the following are the
categories of Police Operations in the Philippine:
1. Patrol Operations - It is the most basic police function and known as the backbone
of policing.
4. Public Safety Operations - This includes critical incident management procedures, search,
rescue and retrieval operations, hostage situation, civil disturbance management operation,
management of health hazards and other operations that promote public safety.
5. Special Police Operations - This includes high-risk checkpoint and roadblock operation, police
assistance in the implementation of order from the court and other quasi-judicial bodies, security
to major and special events, aircraft hijacking operations, visit, board, search and seizure of
marine vessels, and similar police operations that are conducted by police units with specialized
training on the peculiarity of the mission or purpose.
6. Investigation Operations - This includes investigation of crime or incident,
Scene of the Crime Operations (SOCO), administrative investigation and other
investigative work necessary to determine facts and circumstances for filing cases
criminally or administratively.
1. Enforce all laws and 2. Maintain peace and 3. Investigate and prevent 4. Exercise the general powers
order and take all crimes, effect the arrest of to make arrest, search and
ordinances relative to the criminal offenders, bring seizure in accordance with the
protection of lives and necessary steps to offenders to justice and assist Constitution and pertinent
properties; ensure public safety; in their prosecution; laws;
conducted as follows:
4. With the use of Body Worn Cameras (BWCs) and/or
Alternative Recording Devices (ARDs) during the conduct of
searches and arrests.
Use of Force Policy
In the lawful performance of duty, a police offi cer shall use necessary
and reasonable force to accomplish his/her mandated task of
enforcing the law and maintaining peace and order. However, a police
offi cer is not required to aff ord the off ender/s att acking him/her the
opportunity for a fair or equal struggle. The necessity and
reasonableness of the force employed will depend upon the following
(POP Manual, 2021, Secti on 2-4):
• Size and other
•Nature and
circumstances to
•The number of aggressors, characteristic of the •Physical condition,
include the place and
weapon used, occasion of the assault.
During confrontation with an armed offender, only such necessary and reasonable force shall be applied
as would be sufficient to overcome the aggression by the offender; subdue the clear and imminent
danger posed by him/her; or to justify the force/act under the principles of self-defense, defense of
relative, defense of stranger or fulfillment of duty. The excessive use of force to arrest or immobilize the
suspect during police operation is prohibited (POP Manual, 2021, Section 2-4)
Three Approaches on The Use of Force Conti nuum
2. Less Lethal Approach - This involves the employment of less lethal equipment' that does not cause
serious injury and/or death and that less physical measures have been tried and deemed inappropriate
purposely to ensure cooperation, compliance or surrender. The age, gender and health condition of
offenders shall be considered before the employment of less lethal equipment.
3. Lethal Approach - This involves the employment of lethal equipment usually as a last resort. Lethal
force will only be employed when all other approaches have been exhausted and found to be insufficient
to thwart the life-threatening actions or omissions posed by armed suspect or law offender. This approach
carries with it the greater responsibility as it may result in severe injury and serious bodily harm and/or
death.
Use of firearm During Police Operations