CONSTRUCTION

MANPOWER
SAFETY
WHAT IS
SAFETY?
• It is the condition of being protected from harm or
other non-desirable outcomes.
• The control of recognized hazards in order to achieve
an acceptable level of risk.
 HAZARD
• is anything that may likely cause personal injury
or damage to property, or their combination.

HAZARD AND
RISK RISK
• the degree of exposure or chances of exposure to
hazards.
SOURCES OF • UNSAFE ACTS
HAZARDS • UNSAFE CONDITIONS

SAMPLES OF UNSAFE ACTS SAMPLES OF UNSAFE CONDITIONS

• 02 to warn/secure.
Failure • Inadequate guards/barriers
• Unauthorized operation of equipment
• Defective tools/equipment/materials
• Removing/destroying safety devices
• Congestion or restricted body
• Using defective equipment/tools
movement
• Using PPE improperly
• Inadequate warning systems
• Improper placement/lifting/loading
• Fire/explosion hazards
• Horseplay
•
• Poor housekeeping/disorder
Operating at improper speed
• Noise/radiation exposure
• Extremes of temperature/ventilation
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
STANDARDS (OSHS)
are mandatory rules on Occupational Safety and Health promulgated pursuant to Article 162,
book IV of the Labor Code of the Philippines. It is a codified compilation of updated safety and
health rules aimed at protecting Man against the dangers of injury and health thru safe working
conditions

IMPORTANCE OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

• It is mandated by law.
• It preserves the lives of workers & the company
• It is a form of motivation
• It creates understanding
 • It is an unplanned, unwanted, unforeseen or unexpected occurrence that

WORK may result in personal injury, property damage, work stoppage or

interference or any combination thereof, which arises out of and in the

ACCIDENTS course of employment.

• It causes the work system to break down since it intervenes between the
worker, equipment, and environment and the tasks to be performed.

FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTES TO OR CAUSE

ACCIDENTS:

• PEOPLE
• EQUIPMENT
• MATERIAL
• ENVIRONMENT
 This element includes both employees and management. The employee is usually
PEOPLE the human element directly involved with most accidents since what he does or
fails to do is seen as the immediate causal factor.

This element of our business operation has been a major source of incident since
EQUIPMENT the 1900s… a big target for laws involving mechanical safeguarding and operator
training.

The material people used, work with or make provides another major source of
MATERIAL incident causes. Materials can be sharp, heavy, hot, carcinogenic or toxic. In all
cases, this element can be a big source of contact that results in downgrading
incidents.

Is usually associated with lighting, noise and atmospheric conditions. This

ENVIRONME element represents the source of an ever increasing number of diseases and health
NT related conditions.
MECHANICS OF ACCIDENT OCCURRENCE

• LACK OF CONTROL – MANAGEMENT

• BASIC CAUSES – ORIGINS
• IMMEDIATE CAUSES – SYMPTOMS
• INCIDENT – CONTACT
• PEOPLE – PROPERTY – LOSS

07
LACK OF CONTROL – MANAGEMENT

ABOUT OUR
• is the lack of “control” by management.
• Such responsibility is a major function of the Front-Line-Supervisor.
COMPANY
The supervisor who manages professionally:
• Knows his safety & Health program;
• Knows his work standards;
• Plans or organizes work necessary to meet standards
• Leads his people – to achieve standards;
• Measures performance to the standards;
• Evaluates levels of performance; and
• Corrects performance, if necessary.
BASIC CAUSES– ORIGINS
• A lack of management control permits the existence of basic causes or
ABOUT
incidents OUR
that downgrade the business operation.
• These COMPANY
causes are referred to as root causes, indirect causes, underlying
causes or real causes.
Basic causes are classified into two groups:

• Personal Factors 2. Job Factors

• Lack of knowledge or skill • Inadequate work standards
• Improper motivation • Inadequate design or maintenance
• Physical or mental problems • Inadequate purchasing standards
• Normal wear and tear
• Abnormal usage.
IMMEDIATE CAUSES – SYMPTOMS
When the basic causes of incidents exist, they provide the
opportunity for the occurrence of substandard practices and
conditions that could ead directly to loss.

UNSAFE ACT UNSAFE CONDITION

is a violation of an accepted safe is a hazardous physical condition or

procedure which could permit the circumstance which could directly
occurrence of an accident permit the occurrence of an
accident
INCIDENT – Undesirable event that could or does make contact with a source of
energy above the threshold limit of the body or structure.
CONTACT
PEOPLE – PROPERTY –
LOSS
• Losses involved with all areas of the business activity
could be considered as minor, serious, major or
catastrophic.
• The results of accidents can be evaluated in terms of
physical harm and property damage as well as humane
effects and economic effects.
• The costs of accidents (excluding fire) that are
referred to as uninsured are tremendous.
BASIC CONCEPTS OF COUNTER MEASURES FOR ACCIDENT
PREVENTIONS
• Engineering – Hazards should be initially designed out of the workplace during the design and
construction stage. Other engineering controls include a study of all working areas to eliminate or
control physical hazards. It also includes a study of all operating methods and practices. The
following should be considered:
• Proper guarding of machinery, equipment and tools
• Machines, equipment and tools should properly be maintained and in good conditions.
• Good housekeeping
• Provide proper illumination and ventilation.
• Provide adequate and appropriate PPEs.
BASIC CONCEPTS OF COUNTER MEASURES FOR ACCIDENT
PREVENTIONS
• Education – workers should be given trainings and orientation on safe job procedures. Refresher
courses as well as updates on information of the hazards they are exposed to, and the procedures to
follow for their prevention.
• Enforcement - safety policies, written job procedures should be pursued and implemented by the
management, for workers to follow. Regular and intermittent safety inspections should be
undertaken by supervisors and safety officers to maintain safe and healthful working conditions.
Violation of some rules should be penalized.
• Environment - check ventilation, illumination and noise levels, temperature, extremes presence or
level of air contaminants, sufficient workspaces, location and position of equipment, material and
workers, etc.
MANPOWER
SAFETY
• Is committed to providing a safe and healthy
working environment for its temporary and
permanent employees. We are committed to
preventing occupational illness and injury in the
workplace.
• Concern for our employees' health and well-
being
• is a top priority at all levels.
 EMPLOYERS
RESPONSIBILIY
Employers should have proper activities snd regulations to ensure the
safety of the employees. Employer should have proper programs such
as training and seminars to emphasize the importance of the safety in
the workplace.

INVESTORS/EMPLOYERS are guided by Business Objectives

• PROFITABILITY – a business must make money (profit) in order to
EMPLOYERS AND survive.

EMPLOYEES • GROWTH – to increase its profit, it must expand; go into other types of
business.
RESPONSIBILTY • CONTINUITY – any interruption or disruption of a business operation will
affect its productivity and profitability.

EMPLOYERS
RESPONSIBILIY
Employees should cooperate with their employres and other persons in
complying with the safety and reislation and guidelines, and should not
do anything to endanger themselves and other persons
MANAGING SAFETY AND
HEALTH ON
CONSTRUCTION SITES
• Safety policy/Safety Program.
• Job Hazard/Risk Assessment.
• Organizing and Planning the Site.
• Appointment of Safety Officers.
• Provision of Personal Protective
Equipment.
SAFETY
PROGRAM AND
SAFETY POLICY Every employer of 50 or employees shall make a written statement
of his policy with respect to the safety and health of his employees
and make arrangements to give effect to the policy.

Safety Program serves to anticipate, identify, and eleminate

conditions or practices that coul result in work-lated injurires and
illness

02
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS The process of determining the hazards associated with a job is
commonly referred to as job safety analysis. But considering the
association of all the hazards with a job, the risks they present not
only to one’s safety, but also to one’s health and to the
environment as well, JHA is the more appropriate term.

PERFORMING JHA:
• List the basic steps necessary to perform the job from start to finish
• Identify any existing or potential hazard associated with each job step
• Develop recommendations for ways to eliminate or control each Hazard
 6 TYPES OF WORKPLACE
HAZARDS
SAFETY HAZARD ERGONOMIC HAZARD
Safety Hazards are unsafe working Occur when the type of work, body positions
conditions that that can cause injury, and working conditions put a strain on your
illness anddeath. Safety hazards are the body. They are the hardest to spot since you
most common workplace hazards don’t always immediately notice the strain on

WORKPLACE your body or the harm that these hazards pose.

HAZARDS BIOLOGICAL HAZARD

CHEMICAL HAZARD
Biological Hazards include exposure to harm
or disease associated with working Are present when a worker is exposed to any
with animals, people, or infectious plant chemical preparation in the workplace in any
materials. form (solid, liquid or gas).

PHYSICAL HAZARD WORK ORGANIZAION

Physical hazards can be any factors within HAZARDS
Hazards or stressors that cause stress (short
the environment that can harm the body
term effects) and strain (long term
without necessarily touching it.
effects). These are hazards associated with
workplace issues such as workload, lack of
control and/or respect, etc
MAJOR WORK
HAZARDS
• Falls
• Electrecution
• Being struck by falling objects
• Trapped during Excavation
FALL
PROTECTION
HAZARD:
When performing work that requires the use of scaffolds, cranes,
ladders, scissor lifts etc, the implementation of fall protection is
required.

PROTECTION:
Safety nets, Personal Fall arrest system, Guardrails.

ELECTRECUTIO
N
HAZARD:
Exposed electrical parts, Overhead power lines, Inadequate wiring,
Defective insulation, Improper grounding, Overloaded circuits, Wet
conditions, Damaged tools and equipment, Improper PPE.

PROTECTION:
De-energize live parts before commencing work, avoid contact
with overhead lines, Avoid wet conditions,
Check switches and insulation, use special insulated tools when
working on fuses with energized terminals
 EXCAVATION
HAZARD:
Asphyxiation due to lack of oxygen, Being crushed by weight of dirt,
Inhalation of toxic materials, Fire , Moving machinery near the edge of
the excavation can cause a collapse, Accidental severing of underground
utility lines

PROTECTION:
employees should be protected from caves-in by using a well-designed
protective system.

PROTECTIVE SYSTEM - is a method of protecting employees from

cave-ins from material that could fall or roll from an excavation face or
into an excavation, or from the collapse of adjacent structures.
Protective systems include support systems, sloping and benching
systems, shield systems, and other systems that provide the necessary
protection.
ROLES OF SAFETY OFFICERS
A construction safety officer is responsible for
making sure all the workers at a construction
site is working safely and following all the
correct safety procedures. Despite having
other duties, their primary duty is to keep
things safe around the job site. Construction
safety officers must know all the Occupational
Health and Safety regulations, and often work
closely with officials from DOLE OSHC as
well.
TOOLBOX toolbox meeting or gang meeting as a daily meeting among workers and their respective
supervisors for the purpose of instruction, discussion and proper briefing on the planned

MEETING work, the assessment of past work, the possibility or actual occurrence of accidents at the
site, tips and suggestion on how to prevent possible accidents and other related matters.

TOOLBOX
is an informal safety meeting that focuses on safety topics related to the specific job, such as
workplace hazards and safe work practices. Meetings are normally short in duration and are
generally conducted at the job site prior to the commencement of a job or work shift.
TALKS Toolbox talks are also intended to facilitate health and safety discussions on the job site and
promote your organization’s safety culture. Toolbox talks/meetings are sometimes referred
to as tailgate meetings or safety briefings.

Subjects toolbox talks usually covers: Slips, trips and falls, Work at height, use of ladders
and scaffolding, Work near existing services, Roofing, Manual handling, Welding,
Electrical hazards, Working in confined spaces, Falling objects, Fire safety, Night working,
Traffic safety, Construction plant, equipment and tools, Excavation, Hazardous materials,
Eye protection, head protection, hearing protection and so on.
ORGANIZING Make a good planning by gathering as much
information about the project and the project site
AND PLANNING before works begin to ensure safety during
construction phase.
THE SITE
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT
• is equipment worn to minimize exposure to hazards
that cause serious workplace injuries and illnesses.
These injuries and illnesses may result from
contact with chemical, radiological, physical,
electrical, mechanical, or other workplace hazards.
• The objective of the Personal Protective Equipment
(PPE) is to protect employees from the risk of
injury by creating a barrier against workplace
hazards.
 The importance of effective, workplace safety and health
cannot be overemphasized. There are many benefits from such
a program including:
EMERGENCY • increased productivity,
• improved employee morale,

PREPAREDNE • reduced absenteeism and illness,

• and reduced workers' compensation rate

SS incidents still occur despite of efforts to prevent them.

Therefore, proper planning for emergencies is necessary to
minimize employee injury-and property damage.

PLANNING FOR WORKPLACE

EMERGENCIES
Workplace emergencies can happen at any time that is why we should prepare for them today. It is essential to plan
your response now. it is hard to think clearly during an emergency,
• determine what emergencies could affect your workplace.
• what procedures will ensure that employees respond appropriately?
• Emergency planning may not prevent emergencies.
• The plan must be communicated orally to employees.
• Management must show its support for plant safety programs and the importance of emergency planning
THANK
YOU!
Prepared by:
Gallon, A.
Lotino, J.
Carezo, J.
Dizon, F.

BSCE- 4B