Baseball is a bat-and-ball sport played between two teams of nine players each on a field with four bases laid out in a diamond shape. The objective is to score more runs than the opposing team by hitting a pitched ball with a bat and running around the bases. A game proceeds through innings, with each team alternating between batting and fielding. Key elements of baseball include pitching, batting, baserunning, and fielding positions such as pitcher, catcher, infielders and outfielders. Scoring occurs when a batter becomes a runner and touches all four bases to complete a circuit.
Baseball is a bat-and-ball sport played between two teams of nine players each on a field with four bases laid out in a diamond shape. The objective is to score more runs than the opposing team by hitting a pitched ball with a bat and running around the bases. A game proceeds through innings, with each team alternating between batting and fielding. Key elements of baseball include pitching, batting, baserunning, and fielding positions such as pitcher, catcher, infielders and outfielders. Scoring occurs when a batter becomes a runner and touches all four bases to complete a circuit.
Baseball is a bat-and-ball sport played between two teams of nine players each on a field with four bases laid out in a diamond shape. The objective is to score more runs than the opposing team by hitting a pitched ball with a bat and running around the bases. A game proceeds through innings, with each team alternating between batting and fielding. Key elements of baseball include pitching, batting, baserunning, and fielding positions such as pitcher, catcher, infielders and outfielders. Scoring occurs when a batter becomes a runner and touches all four bases to complete a circuit.
Baseball is a bat-and- ball sport played between two teams of nine players each, taking turns batting and fielding. The game occurs over the course of several plays, with each play generally beginning when a player on the fielding team, called the pitcher, throws a ball that a player on the batting team, called the batter, tries to hit with a bat. Lékó M.
Baseball equipment
Baseball has basic equipment
without which it is not recommended to enter the game. The most important accessories are the ball, gloves and racket. The field •Field is divided into “infield” and “outfield” •The infield is called a “diamond” because of its shape. •The batter stands in front of the catcher and attempts, with a “bat”, to hit the ball thrown by the pitcher, and then run the bases •The fielders (defense) try to catch the batted ball. •There are four “bases”, called “first”, “second”, “third”, and “home”. •All bases are square canvas bags, except home, which is pentagonal and flat Defending There are nine defensive players on the field at any moment. They wear gloves. •The pitcher throws the ball towards the batter •The catcher catches it (if the batter has not hit it) •“1st basemen”, “2nd basement”, “3rd basemen” typically stand near their bases •“shortstop” stands between 2nd and 3rd bases • these four are called “infielders” •“left fielder”, “center fielder”, “right fielder” stand further away from the batter and are called “outfielders” Offense •Nine players of offense take turns batting, according to order established at beginning of each game; after 9th, 1st bats again •If the batter successfully hits the ball and it enters the quarterplane defined by the diagonal lines that delimit the field, the ball is “fair” and “in play” •Defensive players try to catch the ball and/or tag the runner, or the base •If the batter successfully reaches a base without the ball caught or being tagged out,it is a “hit” Balls and strikes •During an “at-bat”, the pitcher tries to throw the ball through a certain volume of air called the “strike zone”. •The “strike zone” consists of a column of air with a pentagonal base above home plate, and between the batter’s armpits and knees. •Two cases: batter swings the bat or doesn’t •Doesn’t swing: if the ball is thrown and touches the strike zone, it is a “strike”; otherwise it is a “ball” •Swings: if the ball is missed, it is a strike. If hit foul, it is a strike. If hit fair, it is “in play”. •three strikes and the batter is out; four balls and the batter can go to first base (called a “walk”) Pitching •The pitcher stands 60 feet, 6 inches (18.4 meters) from the batter on a slightly elevated area called the “mound”ű •He throws the ball at approximately 75 to 100 miles per hour (100 - 160 km/hour) •There are many different types of pitches, but the three main ones are the “fast ball”, the “curve ball”, and the “change-up” •Pitched ball reaches catcher in about 0.45 seconds, so batter must decide almost instantly whether to swing the bat or not. •Starting pitcher typically pitches 5-8 innings; “relief pitchers” take over near end of game Scoring runs •If a runner makes it all the way around the bases and then reaches home, it is a “run” •Goal of the game is to score more runs than the other team •Games end in 9 innings, except if score tied after 9 •If game is tied after 9 innings, the game goes to “extra innings” until the tie is resolved •longest major league game was 26 innings in 1920 Sliding Runners advancing to the next base are faced with a dilemma: they have to get to the next base quickly to avoid being out, but they cannot “overrun” the base (because only on a base are you “safe”). •To solve this problem, runners must decelerate quickly •This is done with a “slide”: runners use friction between the ground and their legs to slow down Bunting •In some cases good strategy says to just barely hit the ball •the goal is to advance a runner to the next base at the possible cost of being out yourself •this is called a “sacrifice” •when a batter “chokes up” on the bat and hits it softly, it is a “bunt” •another rule exception: a foul bunt on the 2d strike is an out Statictics •Balls and strikes are reported in that order, called the “count”. A count of “3 and 2” means 3 balls and 2 strikes. •The scoreboard records the score in each inning, and sometimes the total of runs, hits, and “errors” (mistakes made by the teams) •Batting average records number of hits divided by number of times at bat; a good average is 0.300 (read as “three hundred”) Other Participants •Manager: person who runs the team, decides order of batters, who will pitch, when to substitute players •Umpires: people who rule on balls and strikes and whether batters and runners are out or safe; can eject unruly players •Umpire has various gestures to denote strikes, outs, fair or foul, and safe. •Coaches: stand outside fair area and tell runners whether to advance to the next base or stop where they are. Leagues •In North America, two major leagues, American and National •Each league has three divisions •Each division has 5 teams •For example, the Toronto Blue Jays play in the Eastern Division of the American League •Team that has most wins in a division (after 162- game season) advances to playoffs •Final playoffs pit winner of American League again winner of National League, and is called the “World Series” Resources https://cs.uwaterloo.ca/~shallit/DC2015/baseball.pdf https://www.google.com/search?q=scoring+runs+baseball https://www.google.com/search?q=offense+baseball https://www.google.com/search?q=baseball+field+defending Thank you for your attention!:)
Baseball Is A Game Between Two Teams of Nine Players Each, Under Direction of A Manager, Played On An Enclosed Field in Accordance With These Rules, Under Jurisdiction of One or More Umpires