GE 109 Readings in Philippine History
GE 109 Readings in Philippine History
Author’s background
Sequencing of events
Differences between 2
accounts
First Voyage around the world
Ferdinand Magellan was sent by King Charles V,
Spanish king to lead an expedition of 5 ships & 237
men which departed on August 10, 1519 & that was
the first circumnavigation of the globe.
-A Portuguese navigator who transferred his
allegiance to Spain.
-He reached the island of Homonhon, Samar on
March 16, 1521. He named the island & later on the
Philippines as Archipelago of St. Lasarus because it
was the feast day of the saint.
The First Voyage around the world
Antonio Pigafeta (1969)
Manila: Filipiniana Book Guild
Kartilla of the Katipunan
Emilio Jacinto
KKK
Duties of the Sons of the People
Kartilla – where the teachings of KKK is contained.
-Adopted from Spanish term Cartilla which
means primer for grade school students.
-Written by Emilio Jacinto.
13 Teachings of Kartilla
1.Believe with a fervent heart in the creator
2.Reflect always that a sincere faith in Him involves
love of one’s native land because this shows true
love for one’s fellow.
3. Engrave on the heart the conviction that to die for
the liberation of the country from enslavement is
the highest honor and fortune.
4.In any endeavour, the realization of good aspirations
depends on calmness, perseverance, reason and hope.
5.Guard the instructions and plans of the KKK as you
would guard your own honor.
6.Anyone who falls into danger while carrying out
their duties should be supported by all and rescued
even at the cost of life and richest.
7.Let each of us strive in the performance of our duty
to set a good example for others to follow.
8.Share whatever you can with whoever is needy.
9.Diligence in earning a livelihood is a true expression
of love and affection for self, spouse,
children, brothers and compatriot.
10.Believe absolutely that scoundrels and traitors
will be punished and good deeds will be rewarded.
Believe that the aims of the KKK are blessed by the
Creator, for the will of the people is also His will.
Act of the declaration of Philippine Independence
June 12, 1898 – Independence Day.
Kawit, Cavite – where declaration was happen.
Through the recommendation of American Consul
Wildman.
Emilio Aguinaldo- declared independence day.
-Established a dictatorship government.
Treaty of Paris- virtue the ceding of the Philippines
to the USA by the Spaniards with the amount of
$20 million. Payment for the damage of war and
for the improvements done by the Spaniards.
Ambrosio R. Bautista- Spaniard who prepared the
declaration of Philippine Independence.
98 persons- signed the declaration.
Marcela Agoncillo – made our national flag
assisted by Lorenzana Agoncillo and Delfina
Herbosa and designed by Emilio Aguinaldo.
Julian Felipe- composed the Marcha Felipina
Magdalo now Lupang Hinirang.
San Francisco De Malabon Band – played the
Lupang Hinirang.
Sulpicio Guevara- read the act of declaration of
Philippine Independence.
Pact of Friendship-Ferdinand Magellan occupied
Cebu and become friend of Tupas, the chief of
Cebu. But he was killed by Kalipulako (Lapu-Lapu),
the chief of Mactan who suspected Magellan his
evil designs. He also entered Bohol & entered into
A Blood Compact with Sikatuna.
Fernando Amorsolo – son of Pedro Amorsolo &
Bonifacia Cueto.
Born on May 30, 1892 at Paco, manila.
But he spent his childhood years in Daet,
Camarines Norte where his love for rural life
became the foundation of his artistic outlook.
His favorite painting is the rural sceneries &
Philippine rural landscapes.
Juan Luna – native of Badoc, Ilocos Norte.
-Born on October 23,1857.
-Parents were Don Joaquin Luna de San Pedro y
Paredes & Doῆa Laurena Novicio.
His interest in art due to influence of his brother
Manuel Luna who was also a painter. He took
lessons from famous painting teacher Lorenzo
Guerero. Enrolled at Academia de Dibiyo y pintura
under Spaniard artist Agustin Saez.
-He is considered as one of the greatest Filipino
artists in history with master pieces “Spoliarium”,
“The Death of Cleopatra” & “Blood Compact”
He was known of being dramatic, dynamic,
focusing on romanticism & realism style of arts.
Site of the First Mass in the Philippines
March 31, 1521 – Ferdinand Magellan ordered a
mass to be celebrated on that Easter Sunday.
Fr. Pedro Valderama – the Andalusian chaplain of
the ship officiated the mass. That mass marked the
birth of Roman Catholicism in the Philippines.
Colambu and Siaiu – the first natives of the
archipelago.
Limasawa, Southern Leyte and Masau, Butuan
were the two places claim being the site of the
first mass in the Philippines.
But according to the First Voyage around the world
by Antonio Pigafeta, the first mass was in Masau,
Butuan.
Cavite Mutiny
Fort San Felipe, Cavite – a Spanish arsenal in the
Philippines where around 200 Filipino soldiers &
laborers rose a violent mutiny because of the
abolition from exemption from force labor & tribute.
believing that it would escalate to a national uprising.
January 20, 1872 – Cavite mutiny or uprising happen
where mutiny was unsuccessful.
Spanish soldiers executed many participants.
It was the beginning of Filipino nationalism that
Eventually lead to the Philippine revolution in 1896.
Martyrdom of GomBurZa
February 17, 1872 – GomBurZa were executed at
Bagumbayan, Manila. Charges of subversion arising
from Cavite mutiny. Their execution left profound
effect to many Filipinos. In fact Rizal dedicated his
2nd novel El Filibusterismo to the 3 martyred priest.
Gov. General Rafael Izquierdo – a reactionary
Spanish governor-General who blame the 3 priest
for the mutiny and ordered for their execution.
Garrote – means of killing the GomBurZa.