Health Informatics

HEALTH
INFORMATICS
MS. ANISHA VADAKKEPATT

ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING
HEALTH INFORMATICS
Is the “use of information and technology

to communicate, manage knowledge,
mitigate error, and support decision
making.”
(QSEN, 2003)
ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT & INFORMATION SYSTEM
 Addresses the entire major functional

areas of modern multi-specialty  HOSPITAL INFORMATION
hospitals. SYSTEM (HIS)
 It enables improved patient care, patient  CLINICAL INFORMATION
safety, efficiency, and reduced costs. SYSTEM (CIS)
 It provides easy access to critical  NURSING INFORMATION
information, enabling better timely SYSTEM (NIS)
decision-making.

Nursing Informatics: The Emerging
Field
"In all health care organizations,
nursing is the hub of the information flow. Developing the science and
technology of nursing informatics will enhance the
information available to nurses for clinical practice, management, educat
ion and research and will facilitate the role of nurses as communicators."
Patricia F. Brennan (1996), American Medical Informatics Association

OBJECTIVES OF HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Effective
Provides
stock or
quality
inventory
care
management
Better Constructive
administrative financial
control management
Integrates Refines inter-

hospital personal
services relationships
CORE CONCEPTS OF THE HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Patient Pharmacy OT
management management management
Bed Material Treatment

Ward Pathology Consultant

Nursing Radiology Billing

BENEFITS OF THE HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Better
interaction
Time between
patient and
saving service
Instant Streamlined provider
search coding and Better
billing storage
Secured Maintains Efficienc
confidentiality y in
records
business
Easy
Aids in access
research

NEED OF HEALTH INFORMATICS
To improve patient care
To produce information of the patients
To enhance easy access to the patient information
To manage information of the patient
To respect patient privacy and patient safety
To assist in effective decision making
To detect and control emerging and endemic health issues using the data.
To monitor progress towards the achievement of goals.
To enhance interoperability.
To strengthen the evidence base for making effective policies
To improve the communication between the healthcare providers
To provide standardized patient care
To ANISHA
evaluate theACADEMICIAN
VADAKKEPATT, healthcare system
IN NURSING
BENEFITS OF HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS….
Healthcare informatics is seen as a

potential method for improving the
delivery of quality health care by:
 Providing up-to-the-minute, real-time
information about a patient’s
condition necessary for decision-
making.
Minimizing errors with an
electronic health record (EHR) that
uses computerized functions such
as:
 Barcoding
 EHR Medication Reconciliation
 Computerized health care provider
order entry
 Patient care alerts/reminders
Promoting “meaningful” use of electronic health

record (EHR) technology to:
 Improve the quality of health care through the
electronic exchange of health information
 Provide and engage patients and families via access to
personal health information via “portals”
 Improve care coordination
 Improve population and public health

BENEFITS OF HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS…
 Likewise, the use of social media

technology creates possible opportunities
for patient-provider exchanges (thru
texting, email, or other venues) but raises
new concerns regarding documentation
and confidentiality

PRIVACY & CONFIDENTIALITY ARE NOT THE SAME!
PRIVACY: relates to the patient’s right to

dignity & respect and for personal info. to be
held private
CONFIDENTIALITY: is the disclosure of

information with the patient’s consent for
health care purposes or when legally required
ISSUES SURROUNDING ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS…
While the use of EHRs can greatly

enhance patient care decisions and safety,
the portability of health information and
sharing of electronic data create potential
risks to privacy and confidentiality.

HISTORICALLY…
Issues of confidentiality and privacy in

nursing are not new…
Florence Nightingale is considered the

founder of modern day nursing…

NIGHTINGALE PLEDGE
Beginning in 1893, nurses citing the

Nightingale Pledge promised to:
“Hold in confidence all personal

matters committed to my keeping and
all family affairs coming to my
knowledge…”
LIMITATIONS OF HEALTH INFORMATICS
Non-uniform Cumbersome
Data privacy Data safety
data cloud set-up
Potential for
Resist to change Expensive Infrastructure
hacking
Socio-economic
Inadequate Not user- Over-
information is
warehouses friendly dependence
not emphasized
EHR: ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS
Professionally, nurses have an ethical

and legal obligation to maintain
patient privacy and confidentiality.

With the advent of electronic health data,
Congress in 1996 enacted HIPAA, which
stands for the:
Health
Insurance
Portability and
Accountability
Act
HIPAA
HIPAA in short, is a set of rules for hospitals and health care

providers to ensure that medical records, medical billing, and
patient accounts meet certain consistent standards for handling,
documentation, and privacy.

HIPAA: PRIVACY RULE
The HIPAA “Privacy Rule” was enacted in 2003 to establish

standards for the protection and disclosure of patient health
information, specifically:
 Defines identifiable protected health information (PHI), including patient
identifiers like a person’s name, birthdate, picture, medical diagnoses,
address, social security number, etc.
 Stipulates how this information may be used, by whom, and under what
circumstances.

HIPPA: PRIVACY RULE
 There are 18 patient identifiers. Google “18 patient identifiers” to see the
list of identifiers that must be protected.
 Be aware that health information without identifiers is not considered
protected health information (PHI).
 For example, a set of vital signs is not protected. However, when the vital
signs are accompanied by a name or medical record number, then they must
be protected.

18 PATIENT IDENTIFIERS • Account number
• Certificate or license number
•Name
•Address (all geographic subdivisions smaller • Vehicle identifiers and serial numbers,
than state, including street address, city including license plate numbers
county, and zip code)
•All elements (except years) of dates related • Device identifiers and serial numbers
to an individual (including birthdate, • Web URL
admission date, discharge date, date of death,
• Internet Protocol (IP) Address
and exact age if over 89)
•Telephone numbers • Finger or voice print
•Fax number
• Photographic image - Photographic images are
•Email address
•Social Security Number not limited to images of the face.
•Medical record number • Any other characteristic that could uniquely
•Health plan beneficiary number
identify the individual
CONSEQUENCES
 Health care providers are required to adhere to HIPAA

regulations and abide by employer policies which may be
stricter…
 Failure to do so can result in a reprimand, sanction, fine, or
loss of licensure by the government or state board of nursing
and/or loss of employment by the employer, depending on the
circumstances…

KNOW THE FACTS VS. MYTHS
Following are common myths about HIPAA:

 HIPAA prohibits discussions of a patient’s condition over the phone with a doctor or
family member
 HIPAA prevents nurses and doctors from discussing a patient’s condition or treatment
in a semi-private room with the curtain pulled
 HIPAA prohibits displaying patient care signs like “fall risk” or diabetic diet” at the
door of the hospital room or bedside

KNOW FACTS VS. MYTHS
Common myths (continued):

 HIPAA does not allow leaving messages for patients at their homes, on
an answering machine, or with a family member
 HIPAA prohibits leaving patients’ charts at the bedside or outside
patients’ rooms

PATIENT AUTHORIZATION:
Patient authorization for disclosure is not needed in

situations where:
Laws require reporting of abuse, neglect, or domestic violence
Example: child abuse
Disclosure of information is needed to facilitate organ donation
Example: kidney donation

PATIENT AUTHORIZATION:
Patient authorization for disclosure is not needed in

situations where:
 Laws require reporting of information for preventing or controlling
illnesses, communicable diseases, injury, or disability
 Examples: HIV, Sexually Transmitted Diseases
 Disclosure may lessen a serious threat to a person or the public
 Example: Workplace violence

TECHNOLOGY EXPLOSION:
In addition to safeguarding information on the electronic health

record (EHR), professional responsibilities include appropriate
use of health care technology via social media

KNOW AND FOLLOW THESE TIPS FOR SOCIAL MEDIA USE!
 Both the American Nurses’ Association (ANA) and the National Council of
State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) have combined to publish principles and
tips for social networking.
 Additionally, know the Social Media Policy for your employer or nursing
program.

PRINCIPLES AND TIPS:
In general, principles and tips from the ANA and NCSBN
include:
1. Don’t share or post information or photos of patients
2. Maintain professional boundaries with patients
3. Do not post comments about employers, co-workers, even if names
are omitted
4. Do not take photos or videos of patients on cell phones or devices
5. Report breaches in confidentiality or privacy

PRINCIPLES AND TIPS:
Principles and tips (cont’d):

1. Be mindful that posted content you believe is private and
accessible can be disseminated to others
2. Be aware that content deleted from a site may still be
accessible or recoverable

CONSEQUENCES….
 To learn more about professional responsibilities and the possible

consequences for breaches in privacy or confidentiality…..

PROFESSIONAL BOUNDARIES: WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW
 Additionally, be mindful of boundary violations with

patients!
 Contact with patients and former patients (via electronic

or cellular contacts) outside of work settings blurs the
distinction between professional and personal
relationships and should be avoided.
ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS: PROFESSIONAL
RELATIONSHIPS
 Negative online posts about co-workers (such as bullying or

intimidation) can constitute lateral violence, are inappropriate, and can
have professional consequences
 Likewise, online posts about employers or work conditions has raised

issues over freedom of speech versus libel or defamation

PROMOTING A PROFESSIONAL IMAGE:
 Lastly, be aware that others (including nursing

employers) may use social media to screen potential
applicants for hiring…
 While many states are enacting laws to prevent

employers from demanding access (i.e., passwords) to
personal social media accounts, consider carefully what
you post and how it reflects on your professional image!

SOCIAL MEDIA
Knowing the benefits and risks of associated

with electronic health records and internet
technology can help you chart a course that
utilizes electronic resources appropriately
and professionally!

THANK YOU

Health Informatics

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HEALTH

MS. ANISHA VADAKKEPATT

Is the “use of information and technology

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

 Addresses the entire major functional

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

Integrates Refines inter-

Bed Material Treatment

Ward Pathology Consultant

Nursing Radiology Billing

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

Healthcare informatics is seen as a

Promoting “meaningful” use of electronic health

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

 Likewise, the use of social media

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

PRIVACY: relates to the patient’s right to

CONFIDENTIALITY: is the disclosure of

While the use of EHRs can greatly

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

Issues of confidentiality and privacy in

Florence Nightingale is considered the

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

Beginning in 1893, nurses citing the

“Hold in confidence all personal

Professionally, nurses have an ethical

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

HIPAA in short, is a set of rules for hospitals and health care

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

The HIPAA “Privacy Rule” was enacted in 2003 to establish

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

 Health care providers are required to adhere to HIPAA

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

Following are common myths about HIPAA:

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

Common myths (continued):

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

Patient authorization for disclosure is not needed in

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

Patient authorization for disclosure is not needed in

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

In addition to safeguarding information on the electronic health

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

Principles and tips (cont’d):

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

 To learn more about professional responsibilities and the possible

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

 Additionally, be mindful of boundary violations with

 Contact with patients and former patients (via electronic

 Negative online posts about co-workers (such as bullying or

 Likewise, online posts about employers or work conditions has raised

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

 Lastly, be aware that others (including nursing

 While many states are enacting laws to prevent

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

Knowing the benefits and risks of associated

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

ANISHA VADAKKEPATT, ACADEMICIAN IN NURSING

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