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Wednesday, July 19, 2023

 COSHH
Control of Substances
Hazardous to Health
Ed.7 November 2021

Highfield Place, Shaw Wood Business Park,

Shaw Wood Way, Wheatley Hills,
Doncaster, DN2 5TB, UK
Tel 01302 363 277
www.highfield.co.uk

© 2021 Highfield Products Limited

All rights reserved. No part of this product may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
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recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of Highfield Products Ltd. The
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in the creation of this publication accepts any responsibility for any inaccuracies or failure
to implement correctly, however caused.

The UK and Middle East’s leading supplier of compliance, work-based

learning and apprenticeship training materials.
 Ground rules

● Fire escapes
● Toilets
●AsSmoking
a courtesy to others,
●please
Drinksset your mobile phone
to SILENT MODE
● Breaks
● Lunch
Mobile phones must
●beQuestions
SWITCHED OFF
●and
Talking over others
removed from the desk
●during
Respectthe
others’ points of view
examination.
● Timekeeping.

3
 KEY

Class Individual Key

KEY POINT
Question Exercise Point

Group Class CE

Law
Exercise Exercise

HO
Definition Handouts 1
Navigation

The last point on a slide is denoted by a full stop.

4
 Module guide

1 Roles and responsibilities

2 An introduction to hazardous substances

3 Hazardous substance assessment

5
Roles and responsibilities
1
6
 Roles and responsibilities

By the end of the session learners

will be able to:

· outline the employers’ and

employees’ duties relating to
hazardous substances at work
· outline the consequences for non-
compliance with statutory duties
· list the ways in which the employer
can communicate information
relating to hazardous substances.

7
 Introduction

Hazardous substances and materials

may be found in any workplace

Most hazardous substances are

controlled by the Control of Substances
Hazardous to Health Regulations.

8
 Substances not covered by
COSHH Regulations

● Lead
● Asbestos
● Ionising radiation
● Substances only hazardous
in different forms:
– water
– cooking oil.

9
 Employers’ duties

· Carry out a suitable and

sufficient risk assessment
· Take the necessary action
to prevent exposure
· Take the necessary action
to control exposure
· Ensure that equipment
is being properly used by
having procedures in place
· Have maintenance systems
which ensure plant and
equipment are in efficient
repair.

10
 Employers’ duties

· Carry out a review of systems

of work and supervisory actions
at regular intervals
· Monitor the workforce for
exposure to hazardous materials
· Arrange through planning actions
to deal with emergencies,
accidents and other incidents
· Provide adequate information,
instruction and training.

11
 What are employees’ duties?

Cooperate with the employer to enable the

employer to be compliant with regulations

Use fully and properly all control measures

put in place

Ensure equipment used is returned

to proper storage

Use welfare facilities provided.

12
 What are employees’ duties?

Report any defects of equipment used

Attend any medical examinations as required

Report any incident which may have led to

a release of hazardous substances.

13
 Enforcement

Health and Safety Executive (HSE)

Environmental Health Practitioners/

Officers (local authority).

14
 Enforcement officers’ powers

● Gain entry to premises at any

reasonable time
● Give instructions
● Take samples, photographs and
seize dangerous equipment
● Ask questions
● Advise employers and safety
representatives
● HSE can recover inspection
costs (FFI).

15
 Enforcement action

● Give verbal or written advice

● Serve an improvement notice
● Serve a prohibition notice
● Commence a prosecution

Up to 2 years in prison

Unlimited fine.

16
 Prosecution example

A worker at an industrial estate

has been prosecuted after his
colleague suffered severe burns
from a plastic bottle filled with
sulphuric acid.

17
 How can an employer communicate
information on hazardous substances?

● COSHH assessments
● Induction training
● Classroom training
● On-the-job training
● One-to-one coaching
● E-learning
● Written instructions and guidance
● Team meetings
● Noticeboards
● Supervision events.

18
 How much do you know?
CE

Who has the responsibility for undertaking a hazardous

substance risk assessment?

The employer

The employee

The enforcing authority

The Health and Safety

Executive (HSE)

19
 How much do you know?
CE

What is the maximum fine which can be awarded for a breach

of health and safety legislation, including hazardous
substances regulations?

£5,000

£10,000

£20,000

Unlimited

20
 How much do you know?
CE

Which of the following is an employee’s duty?

Issue improvement notices where

required

Use fully and properly all control

measures put in place
Arrange through planning actions
to deal with emergencies,
accidents and other incidents
Take the necessary action to
control exposure

21
 An introduction to
hazardous substances
2
22
 Hazardous substances

By the end of the session learners will be able to:

● list the different forms that

hazardous substances can
take
● outline the health and safety
effects of exposure to
hazardous substances
● outline how hazardous
substances may enter the
body.

23
 Forms of hazardous substances

Give an example of each that relates to your own

workplace

● Solids ● Fibres
● Liquids ● Mists
● Powder ● Pastes
● Granules ● Bacteria
● Dusts ● Viruses
● Vapours ● Parasites
● Gases ● Fungi.
● Smoke

24
 COSHH substances

Classified under ‘CLP’ as

hazardous to health
Substances with a workplace
exposure limit (WEL)
Dusts in concentrations which
will cause ill health

Biological agents

Any other substance presenting

a risk (exemptions).

25
 Key task 1

Think about your workplace – make a list of the

hazardous substances that YOU may come into
contact with whilst at work.

26
 GHS and CLP

Globally Harmonised System of Classification

and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)

Implemented with GB Regulation on classification,

labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures
known as the CLP Regulations or ‘CLP’

Manufacturers and suppliers must classify substances

and mixtures in accordance with CLP.

27
 1 The CLP classified substances

Serious health
Serious health
Acute toxicity hazard Toxic for
hazard Mutagenic
reproduction

Health hazard
Corrosive
harmful

Serious
Health hazard
health hazard
irritant
Carcinogenic

1 2 3 4

28
 1 The CLP classified substances

Serious health
Serious health
Acute toxicity 2 hazard Toxic for 3 hazard Mutagenic 3
reproduction

Health hazard
harmful 1 Corrosive 4

Serious
Health hazard
irritant 1 health hazard 3
Carcinogenic

1 2 3 4

29
 Key task 2

Consider the hazardous substances identified in Key Task 1.

How is each substance classified as hazardous
(use the hazard symbol)?

30
 Routes of entry

How can harmful substances get

into our bodies?

Inhalation

Ingestion

Absorption

Injection

Which of the above is the most common route of entry?

31
 Key task 3

How might they enter the body?

32
 Effects

Chronic

● Carcinogens
● Mutagenic materials
● Chemicals
● Skin irritants.

33
 Effects

Acute

● Toxic substances or asphyxiants

● Corrosive materials
● Gases and vapours
● Biological agents
● Chemicals.

34
 Monitoring and health surveillance

The regular review of the health of employees exposed

to health risks. Purpose to:

● detect health effects early

● prevent further harm
● check the effectiveness of control measures
● check the accuracy of risk assessments
● identify and protect workers at increased risk
● evaluate data to reduce health risks.

35
 Monitoring and health surveillance

Monitoring required:

● serious health risk on failure of controls

● there is a workplace exposure limit
● there is the chance that control measures
are not working properly

Retention of records
● Identifiable individual for 40 years
● General monitoring for 5 years.

36
 How much do you know?
CE

Which is the most common way for hazardous

substances to enter the body?

Absorption

Inhalation

Ingestion

Penetration.

37
 How much do you know?
CE

What type of ill health develops over a period of time?

Inherent

Acute

Retrospective

Chronic.

38
 How much do you know?
CE

Which one of the following falls under the COSHH

Regulations?

Radioactive substances

Flammable substances

Asbestos used in construction

Dusts which may cause ill

health.

39
Hazardous substance
assessment
3
40
 Hazardous substance assessment

By the end of the session learners will be able to:

● define the terms ‘hazard’ ● outline the types of information that

and ‘risk’ should be referred to for the safe
● describe how risk assessments identification and use of hazardous
reduce accidents and ill health substances
at work ● describe the general procedures
● outline the 5 steps to risk that should be in place for dealing
assessment with an incident involving
hazardous substances
● outline the control hierarchy in
respect of safe use, handling, ● describe how risk assessments
transporting, storage and disposal reduce accidents and ill health
of substances hazardous to health at work.

41
 Hazards and risks

Hazard
Something with the potential to cause harm

Risk
The likelihood of harm occurring.

42
 The 5 steps to risk assessment

1 Identify the hazards

2 Determine who may be harmed and how it may occur

3 Undertake an evaluation of the risk

4 Record your findings and implement any actions identified

5 Review the assessment and update as necessary.

43
 2 Identify the hazards

Match the workplace to the hazardous substance and harm it can cause

Workplace Hazardous substance Harm

Hairdressers Dishwasher rinse aid Legionellosis (Pneuomia)
Bar Silica Tetanus
Garage Hair colourant Hepatitis B virus
Tattoo salon Legionella Asthma
Spa pool Ink toner Burns
Quarry Bloodborne virus Dermatitis
Bakery Bacteria Skin cancer
Office Flour dust Burns
Garden Line cleaner Dermatitis
Kitchen Engine oil Asthma

44
 2 Identify the hazards (answers)

Match the workplace to the hazardous substance and the harm it can cause

Workplace Hazardous substance Harm

Hairdressers Dyes Dermatitis
Office Ink toner Dermatitis
Kitchen Dishwasher rinse aid Burns
Bar Line cleaner Burns
Bakery Flour dust Asthma
Quarry Silica Asthma
Spa pool Legionella Legionellosis (Pneuomia)
Tattoo Salon Bloodborne virus Hepatitis B virus
Garden Bacteria Tetenus
Garage Engine oil Skin cancer

45
 Who may be harmed?

List the different groups of people

who may be at risk from harm

Staff

Visitors, contractors

Members of the public

Elderly, young, inexperienced

People with physical disabilities

People with educational needs.

46
 Evaluation of risk

Slightly harmful Harmful Extremely harmful

(resulting in time off (causing major injury or
(requiring first aid)
work) death)

Highly
Trivial risk Tolerable risk Moderate risk
unlikely

Unlikely
(could occur Tolerable risk Moderate risk Substantial risk
sometime)

Likely
(not surprised Moderate risk Substantial risk Intolerable risk
if it did happen)

Action required

Tolerable risk: Moderate risk: Substantial risk: Intolerable risk:

monitor compliance plan control measures take urgent steps stop

47
 Evaluation of risk

Do we need to do more to reduce

risk?

Consider the hierarchy of controls

to reduce risk so far as is reasonably
practicable.

48
 3 Hierarchy of control

Number the controls from 1 to 9 in order of effectiveness

Ensure general ventilation through open doors and windows

Eliminate the use of the hazardous substance altogether

Change the work process so less of the substance is produced

Use local exhaust ventilation at the point of source to extract the hazardous
substance

Replace the substance with a less hazardous one

Fully enclose the work process so no hazardous substance escapes

Change the form of a substance to a safer one

Reduce the number of workers exposed to the hazardous substance

Provide personal protective equipment (PPE).

49
 3 Hierarchy of control

1 Eliminate the use of the hazardous substance altogether:

that way there is no risk at all

2 Replace the substance with a less hazardous one, for example,

use a water-based paint rather than a solvent-based one

3 Change the form of a substance to a safer one: a good example

of this is to use granules rather than a powder

4 Change the work process so less of the substance is produced

5 Fully enclose the work process so no hazardous substance escapes.

50
 3 Hierarchy of control

Use local exhaust ventilation at the point of source to extract the hazardous
6 substance. This is often used where dust is produced, for example at a wood
mill

7 Ensure general ventilation through open doors and windows

8 Reduce the number of workers exposed to the hazardous substance

9 Provide personal protective equipment (PPE)

KEY POINT
PPE must never be used as a sole control measure.

51
 Record and implement

What information would need

to be recorded?

How may the findings of the risk

assessment be implemented?

52
 Key task 4

Using the hazardous substances identified in Key Task 1,

identify the following information from your organisation’s
own COSHH risk assessment.

53
 Monitoring

Monitoring required:

● serious health risk on

failure of controls
● there is a workplace
exposure limit
● there is the chance that
control measures are not
working properly.

54
 Health surveillance

The regular review of the health of employees exposed

to health risks. Purpose to:

● detect health effects early

● prevent further harm
● check the effectiveness of control measures
● check the accuracy of risk assessments
● identify and protect workers at increased risk
● evaluate data to reduce health risks.

55
 Review

Review according to risk or when

no longer valid

Trivial

Tolerable

Moderate

Substantial

Intolerable.

56
 Getting it right

 The assessment was suitable and sufficient

 A proper check was made
 People at risk were identified
 Significant hazards were dealt with
 Control measures are reasonable and keep any
remaining risks low

 Staff or representatives were involved.

57
 Dealing with incidents

Fire

Disposal

Spillage or leakage

First-aid incidents.

58
 What information is required to deal
with the four incidents?

Fire Disposal

● Type of equipment ● How

● Clothing required ● Where
● Evacuation procedures ● Means of transport
● Explosive ● Specialist
● Records

Spillage or leakage First aid

● Containment ● Immediate action
● Dilution ● Dilution – what and how
● Action if it enters the drain ● Specialist medical attention.
● Notification

59
 How much do you know?
CE

What is the definition of a hazard?

The likelihood that harm will

occur and the severity
A dangerous condition found
in the workplace
Something with the potential
to cause harm
A risk which is rated as high due
to the severity of the injury which
may occur.

60
 How much do you know?
CE

What is the 2nd stage of a risk assessment?

Identify who may be harmed

Identify the hazards

Review according to risk

Record the significant findings.

61
 How much do you know?
CE

Which of the following would be the best method of reducing

the risk from a hazardous substance?

Provide staff with suitable personal

protective equipment (PPE)

Purchase the substance in a safer

form if possible

Provide training in the use of the

hazardous substance
Use ventilation systems at the point
of production.

62
 The UK and Middle East’s leading supplier of compliance, work-based learning and apprenticeship training materials.

The important things to do now are…

1 to put into practice what you have learnt

2 to develop competency in your work activities

3 to keep your knowledge up-to-date

4 to pass the examination.