Stress Fields and Energies of Dislocation
Stress Fields and Energies of Dislocation
Dislocation
Stress Field Around Dislocations
• Dislocations are defects; hence, they introduce stresses
and strains in the surrounding lattice of a material.
by (3 x 2 y 2 ) (14.1)
x o
x2 y 2
by ( x 2 y 2 ) (14.2)
y o
( x2 y 2 )2
2 o vy
z v( x y ) 2 (14.3)
x y2
where
G
o (14.4)
2 (1 v)
bx( x 2 y 2 )
xy o 2 2 2 (14.5)
(x y )
xy yz 0 (14.6)
x xy 0
edge xy y 0 (14.7)
0 0 z
• The largest normal stress x is along the x-axis.
– This is compressive--- above slip plane.
– tensile---------- below slip plane.
b cos
r r o (14.9)
r
Screw Dislocation
Gb
(14.13)
2r
Strain Energy
• The elastic deformation energy of a dislocation can be
found by integrating the elastic deformation energy
over the whole volume of the deformed crystal. The
deformation energy is given for
Gb 2 r1
U ln (14.15)
4 (1 v) ro
(b) Screw Dislocation
1r Gb 2 r1
U r z bdr
1 ln (14.16)
2 o
4 ro
• If we add the core energy (ro ~ b), the total Energy will be
given by:
Gb 2 r1 (14.18)
Ut ln
4 b
• For an annealed crystal: r1~ 10-5cm, b ~ 2 x10-8 cm
r1
ln 2
b
Therefore, Gb 2
U (14.19)
2
Dislocation move
Produce plastic deformation
b
ds
dW dW
F b (14.22)
ds dl dA
F b (14.23)
Therefore,
U el Gb 2 (Energy)
• Consider the curved dislocation. The line tension will
produce forces tending to straighten the line & so reduce
the total energy of the line.
F 2T sin (14.24)
• For small , F ~ 2T
ds 1
• But sin *
2 R
F bds (14.26)
Tds
bds
R
T
(14.27)
bR
Recall T Gb 2
Gb 2 Gb
(14.28)
bR R
F t ( b)
or (14.29)
t G
where, t is the dislocation line vector
G b